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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 257-270 
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: prednisolone bioavailability ; prednisolone radioimmunoassay ; prednisolone plasma concentrations ; elimination half-life of prednisoione ; in vitro rate of dissolution of prednisolone from tablets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two fourtreatment crossover studies were performed using 12 adult male volunteers in each with seven different commercially available prednisolone tablets. Plasma samples were assayed for prednisolone by a radioimmunoassay method. Statisacal analyses of the data, by analysis of variance for crossover design (ANOVA), showed no significant differences among the treatment averages at any of the sampling times except at 0.25 and 4 hr in one of the studies. There were also no significant differences among the treatment averages for peak plasma level, time of peak plasma level, area 0–12 hr, area 0–24 hr, and the halflife of elimination of prednisolone. We conclude that the average plasma concentrations of prednisolone are superimposable in a statistical sense and that the tablets tested are bioequivalent. Results of dissolution studies of six tablets of each of the seven lots of prednisolone tablets, using deaerated water in the spin filter apparatus, are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 6 (1978), S. 197-207 
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: ethanol ; volume of distribution ; Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The novel method of estimating the volume of distribution involves (a) administering an appropriate bolus intravenous dose of the drug, (b) starting a constant-rate intravenous infusion of the drug at the same time, (c) maintaining the infusion for a given number of hours, (a) measuring the drug concentration over the entire time course, (e) computer-fitting the post-infusion data to obtain estimates of Vm and Km, (f) estimating the total area under the concentration-time curve from zero time to infinity, and (g) iteratively solving a cubic equation to obtain the estimate of the volume of distribution. The method was applied to ethanol in the cat and yielded an average value of 635ml/kg (63.5% of body weight) with a coefficient of variation of 23.0%. This is equivalent to total body water in the cat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 3 (1975), S. 159-170 
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: diphenhydramine ; intravenous infusion ; oral administration ; first-pass effect ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Plasma levels and urinary excretion of diphenhydramine were measured after administration of three single 50-mg doses of diphenhydramine hydrochloride to two healthy male volunteers as an intravenous infusion, an oral solution, and a commercially available capsule. A large first- pass effect was evident from the data, with about 50% of the drug being metabolized by the liver before it reached the general circulation. The drug in solution given orally appeared to be fully available to the hepatoportal system, and the availability of diphenhydramine from the capsule was about 83% relative to the solution in one subject and 100% in the other subject. Cumulative amounts of unchanged diphenhydramine excreted in the urine were less than 4% of the administered dose. Both subjects went to sleep at the end of the 1-hr intravenous infusion, but were only drowsy following the oral treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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