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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Posture, Place, and Mood Effects on Ambulatory Blood Pressure (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 27 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Ambulatory blood pressure was studied as a function of posture, place, and mood in 131 subjects classified according to race, gender, and hypertensive status. The effect of posture was significant and explained a substantial proportion of within-subject variability. After controlling for posture, significant place and mood effects were observed when subjects were sitting but not when they were standing. Home vs. work differences in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly greater in Whites than in Blacks. Similar differences in systolic blood pressure were greater in mild hypertensive than in normotensive subjects. The results of this study underscore the need to control for effects of posture when interpreting ambulatory blood pressure readings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb01972.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting Home and Work Blood Pressure Measurements from Resting Baselines and Laboratory Reactivity in Black and White Americans (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 26 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The relationship between blood pressure in the laboratory (both at rest and in response to laboratory tasks) and ambulatory blood pressure at home and at work was evaluated. One hundred nineteen normotensive and unmedicated mild-moderate hypertensive black and white females and males participated in laboratory blood pressure monitoring at rest and during four challenging tasks (structured interview, video game, bicycle exercise, and cold pressor test) as well as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring while at home and at work. Baseline blood pressure taken while subjects were at rest was the strongest predictor of ambulatory systolic blood pressure (r=.64) and diastolic blood pressure (r=.77) at work. Among reactivity tasks the strongest predictors of ambulatory blood pressure in the total population were the structured interview and the video game (both psychological tasks) followed by the cold pressor test. Racial comparisons, however, determined that the cold pressor test predicted diastolic blood pressure significantly better for blacks (r=.73) than for whites (r=.40), suggesting a possible difference in blood pressure regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1989.tb03151.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative bioavailability: Eight commercial prednisone tablets (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 4 (1976), S. 157-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: prednisone bioavailability ; elimination half-lives of prednisone and prednisolone ; prednisone and prednisolone plasma levels following prednisone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two four-treatment crossover bioavailability studies were performed in panels of 12 adult male volunteers with eight different commercial prednisone tablets. Plasma samples from the first study were assayed by radioimmunoassay for both prednisone and prednisolone. Plasma samples from the second study were assayed for prednisolone only. Statistical analyses of the data showed significant differences in the rate of appearance of prednisolone in plasma, but not in the amount convened to prednisolone. Some observations are made on the relationships between prednisone and prednisolone concentrations in plasma following oral administration of prednisone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01086151
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability of prednisolone tablets (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 257-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: prednisolone bioavailability ; prednisolone radioimmunoassay ; prednisolone plasma concentrations ; elimination half-life of prednisoione ; in vitro rate of dissolution of prednisolone from tablets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two fourtreatment crossover studies were performed using 12 adult male volunteers in each with seven different commercially available prednisolone tablets. Plasma samples were assayed for prednisolone by a radioimmunoassay method. Statisacal analyses of the data, by analysis of variance for crossover design (ANOVA), showed no significant differences among the treatment averages at any of the sampling times except at 0.25 and 4 hr in one of the studies. There were also no significant differences among the treatment averages for peak plasma level, time of peak plasma level, area 0–12 hr, area 0–24 hr, and the halflife of elimination of prednisolone. We conclude that the average plasma concentrations of prednisolone are superimposable in a statistical sense and that the tablets tested are bioequivalent. Results of dissolution studies of six tablets of each of the seven lots of prednisolone tablets, using deaerated water in the spin filter apparatus, are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065399
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra- and Intersubject Variability: Mixed-Effects Statistical Analysis of Repeated Doses of an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, CGS 16617 (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 6 (1989), S. 328-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: random-effects statistical model ; bioavailability trials ; biological variation ; intersubject variability ; intrasubject variability ; CGS 16617
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The intrasubject and intersubject variabilities for CGS 16617, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, were evaluated in an open-label, repeat single-dose bioavailability trial. Eight healthy male volunteers each received a 20-mg oral dose of CGS 16617 as an aqueous solution on four separate occasions. Components of variance were evaluated for a mixed-effects statistical model in which subjects were regarded as a random factor. While intersubject variability was statistically significant (P 〈 0.05) for all pharmacokinetic variables measured, AUC, C max, t 1/2, and t max, its contribution to the total observed variability was relatively small for AUC, t 1/2 and t max. The proportion of variation due to intrasubject variability was 70, 19, 61, and 72% for AUC, C max, t 1/2, and t max, respectively. Ramifications of the large intrasubject source component of variability as related to bioavailability trials and biological variation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015954609527
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel method of estimating volume of distribution of a drug obeying Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 6 (1978), S. 197-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: ethanol ; volume of distribution ; Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The novel method of estimating the volume of distribution involves (a) administering an appropriate bolus intravenous dose of the drug, (b) starting a constant-rate intravenous infusion of the drug at the same time, (c) maintaining the infusion for a given number of hours, (a) measuring the drug concentration over the entire time course, (e) computer-fitting the post-infusion data to obtain estimates of Vm and Km, (f) estimating the total area under the concentration-time curve from zero time to infinity, and (g) iteratively solving a cubic equation to obtain the estimate of the volume of distribution. The method was applied to ethanol in the cat and yielded an average value of 635ml/kg (63.5% of body weight) with a coefficient of variation of 23.0%. This is equivalent to total body water in the cat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01312262
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine in man (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 3 (1975), S. 159-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: diphenhydramine ; intravenous infusion ; oral administration ; first-pass effect ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Plasma levels and urinary excretion of diphenhydramine were measured after administration of three single 50-mg doses of diphenhydramine hydrochloride to two healthy male volunteers as an intravenous infusion, an oral solution, and a commercially available capsule. A large first- pass effect was evident from the data, with about 50% of the drug being metabolized by the liver before it reached the general circulation. The drug in solution given orally appeared to be fully available to the hepatoportal system, and the availability of diphenhydramine from the capsule was about 83% relative to the solution in one subject and 100% in the other subject. Cumulative amounts of unchanged diphenhydramine excreted in the urine were less than 4% of the administered dose. Both subjects went to sleep at the end of the 1-hr intravenous infusion, but were only drowsy following the oral treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067905
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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