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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Penetration of sodium cetylsulfate into monolayers of 1,2-dipalmitoyl- and 1,2-dimyristoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (1985)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 263 (1985), S. 563-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Monolayers ; penetration ; sodium cetylsulfate ; phosphatidylethanolamine ; thermodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The penetration of sodium cetylsulfate into monolayers of dipalmitoyl- and dimyristoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine was studied by the measurement of surface and penetration pressures using the vertical plate method of Wilhelmy. The penetration isotherms in two systems were investigated at different initial molecular areasA M : System I: Sodium cetylsulfate/1,2-dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine atA M = 0.85; 0.75; 0.65; 0.55; 0.50; 0.46 and 0.44 nm2 · molecule−1. System II: Sodium cetylsulfate/1,2-dimyristoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine atA M = 0.85; 0.75; 0.60 and 0.55 nm2 · molecule−1. (T=295 K; substrate 0.1 M NaCl) The penetration isotherms (F t vs. logc s ) increase linearly atF t 〉 10 mN · m−1 in system I and atF t 〉25 mN · m−1 in system II. The isotherms of both systems are shifted to lower surfactant concentrations with decreasing molecular area of spread monolayer. A maximum of the slopes (dFt/d logc s )occurs at AM=0.50 nm2 · molecule−1. This behavior is also reflected in the dependenceΔG p 0 (free standard penetration enthalpy) andΓ s (relative surface excess concentration of surfactant) onA M . These changes are related to a different packing of the compounds in the binary penetrated monolayers. In the high pressure region both system are nearly identical. Differences in the low pressure region arise from the penetration into different monolayer states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01421889
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal functional reserve in IDDM patients (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 86-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; diabetic nephropathy ; renal functional reserve ; glomerular filtration rate ; amino acid infusion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to determine whether renal functional reserve (RFR) is altered in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients according to the stage of diabetic nephropathy. RFR was examined in 33 IDDM patients in similar glycaemic and metabolic control and compared to 12 healthy control subjects, during eight 1 h clearance periods prior to, during and after a 3-h stimulation by amino acid infusion (4.5 mg · kg−1· min−1). RFR was calculated as the difference between stimulated and baseline glomerular filtration rates (GFR). In 14 early normotensive diabetic patients with normal urinary albumin excretion, mean baseline GFR (133 ± 3 ml · min−1· 1.73 m−2) was higher whereas RFR (10 ± 4 ml · min−1· 1.73 m−2) was lower (p 〈 0.05) than in control subjects (113 ± 4 and 28 ± 2 ml · min−1· 1.73 m−2, respectively). In 10 normotensive patients who had lived with IDDM for 16 years and who had microalbuminuria, baseline GFR and RFR (109 ± 7 and 24 ± 6 ml · min−1· 1.73 m−2, respectively) were similar to those in control subjects. In 9 patients who had suffered IDDM for 23 years and had developed macroalbuminuria and hypertension, baseline GFR (78 ± 8 ml · min−1· 1.73 m−2) was lower than in control subjects (p 〈 0.05) and RFR (8 ± 4 ml · min−1· 1.73 m−2) was not significant. In addition, renal vascular resistance decreased significantly during infusion (p 〈 0.05) in microalbuminuric normotensive patients as well as in control subjects (by 9 ± 4 and 11 ± 4 mm Hg · l−1· min−1· 1.73 m−2, respectively) but not in normoalbuminuric normotensive or macroalbuminuric hypertensive patients. These results indicate that microalbuminuric normotensive patients retain a normal RFR, whereas RFR is reduced or suppressed at two opposite stages of the disease: in normoalbuminuric normotensive patients with a high GFR and in macroalbuminuric hypertensive patients with a decreased GFR. This dissimilar impairment reveals permanent glomerular hyperfiltration in both early IDDM without nephropathy and IDDM with overt diabetic nephropathy, but not in IDDM with incipient nephropathy. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 86–93]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050871
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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