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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of food on the absorption of slow-release isosorbide-5-mononitrate tablets (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 47-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: isosorbide-5-mononitrate ; food intake ; slow-release formulation ; absorption rate ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food on the absorption characteristics of slow release isosorbide-5-mononitrate tablets was investigated in 10 normal healthy volunteers. There were no differences in the peak concentration achieved or the area under the curve, but the peak concentration occurred later when the drug was administered after food. The apparent elimination half-life ranged from 4.7 to 10.1 h. Bioavailability of slow-release isosorbide-5-mononitrate is therefore unaffected by food, but there is a slower rate of absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061416
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consequences of H2 receptor antagonist — piroxicam coadministration in patients with joint disorders (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 507-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Piroxicam ; H2 receptor antagonists ; Arthritis ; drug interaction ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A randomised crossover study was performed in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (or other arthropathies) to investigate if any alteration in the steady pharmacokinetics of the NSAID piroxicam (a drug which is extensively metabolised via cytochrome P450) or its major metabolites occurred as a result of coadministering either cimetidine or nizatidine. Twelve females and 2 males with mean age, weight, and albumin concentrations of 58 years, 61 kg, and 40 g·L−1 respectively, completed the study. Comparisons were made between the following parameters: plasma piroxicam AUCs [AUC0-24(P)], plasma 5-hydroxypiroxicam AUCs [AUC0-24(5-OHP)], the ratio of these i.e. AUC0-24(5-OHP):AUC0-24(p), the % piroxicam daily dose excreted in urine as 5-hydroxypiroxicam (before and after glucuronidase incubation); and the mean of the steady state trough piroxicam, and 5-hydroxypiroxicam concentrations (obtained during each study phase in addition to the wash-out period). A statistically significant difference as a result of initiating either cimetidine or nizatidine was obtained only for the ratio AUC0-23(5-OHP):AUC0-24(P). This was indicative of a weak potential to inhibit piroxicam hydroxylation. No clinically significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of piroxicam occurred in these subjects as a result of cimetidine or nizatidine coadministration. Consequently it is unlikely that any adverse events would arise from these combinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315306
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclosporine pharmacokinetics in liver transplant recipients: evaluation of results using both polyclonal radioimmunoassay and liquid chromatographic analysis (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. 513-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Cyclosporine ; liver transplant recipients ; radioimmunoassay ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pharmacokinetic variables were derived from cyclosporine measurements using liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radioimmunoassay with a non-selective polyclonal antibody (PARIA) in 11 orthotopic liver transplant recipients studied in paired oral and intravenous studies both before and after permanent clamping of the biliary T-tube. After oral drug administration, mean areas under blood cyclosporine concentration versus time curves before clamping were around 5.2-fold greater by PARIA than HPLC but 2.9-fold greater after clamping and closer to comparable values after intravenous cyclosporine (2.5 and 2.3-fold, respectively). Cyclosporine clearance was smaller by PARIA than HPLC (mean 7.3 versus 3.3 ml · min−1 · kg−1, respectively, before clamping). Both values decreased by 25% after clamping (to 5.5 and 2.4 ml · min−1 · kg−1, respectively), although there was no significant change in distribution or elimination half-lives (around 0.5 and 8 h, respectively). The mean bioavailability of oral cyclosporine increased significantly after clamping in 9 patients (from 10.6% to 28.1% by HPLC and from 14.8 to 35.1% by PARIA) but in two patients who developed the vanishing bile duct syndrome values fell to 〈 10% and the proportional overestimation of cyclosporine concentrations by PARIA increased. Clamping had no significant effect on the mean apparent volumes of distribution but values of Vz were approximately twice those of Vss (around 2.6 and 1.3 l · kg−1 by PARIA and HPLC respectively). Mean half lives after clamping were shorter following oral than intravenous cyclosporine (t1/2λ2 around 15 h enterally versus 8 h parenterally). These data suggest delays in cyclosporine absorption and significant first pass metabolism which may contribute to higher PARIA:HPLC ratios after oral dosing and to reduced bioavailability before clamping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315232
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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