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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: omeprazole ; renal failure ; gastric secretion ; pharmacokinetics ; haemodialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibitory effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretion was tested in a group of patients on haemodialysis for chronic renal failure. Single 30 mg doses almost totally inhibited basal acid output on both dialysis and non-dialysis days. Plateau acid output was reduced by a mean of 77% and 90% on non-dialysis and dialysis days respectively. The absorption and pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole were not affected by dialysis. Omeprazole was not recoverable from dialysis fluid. It is concluded that omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in patients with chronic renal failure, and its effect is not influenced by haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 639-640 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: omeprazole ; H+/K+-ATPase ; ammonium chloride ; urinary acidification ; gastric acid secretion inhibitor ; renal electrolyte excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Omeprazole has previously been shown to be a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in man. In a new study, oral omeprazole 60 mg/day was given to 8 healthy male subjects for 8 days. The daily urinary electrolyte output and urine pH in response to ammonium chloride were not significantly altered. This provides further support for the specificity of its action on gastric acid secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 641-643 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: omeprazole ; gastric acid secretion ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of omeprazole were studied in a group of healthy male subjects after single and repeated oral doses of 30 and 60 mg. Absorption of omeprazole from its enteric-coated formulation was unpredictable. There was a highly significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) after repeated dosing. Omeprazole increases its own relative availability following repeated dosing. This may be due to inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole which is an acid-labile compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 32 (1987), S. 423-425 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: omeprazole ; endocrine function ; cortisol ; 11-deoxycortisol ; FSH ; LH ; TSH ; T3 ; T4 ; testosterone ; prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have assessed the effect of omeprazole on various endocrine functions in man. Eight healthy subjects took 60 mg omeprazole or placebo daily for 1 week in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study. On Day 7 basal concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), prolactin, testosterone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and serum thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) were measured, followed by the gonadotrophin response to luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and the prolactin and TSH responses to thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH). There were no differences in basal or stimulated values between omeprazole and placebo. In a second study, a further 8 subjects were similarly treated, and on Day 7 serial measurements of cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol were made before and for 2.5 h after intravenous adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). There were no differences in basal values or pattern of response to ACTH for either hormone. Omeprazole in clinical practice is unlikely to cause any significant interference in endocrine function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Piroxicam ; H2 receptor antagonists ; Arthritis ; drug interaction ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A randomised crossover study was performed in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (or other arthropathies) to investigate if any alteration in the steady pharmacokinetics of the NSAID piroxicam (a drug which is extensively metabolised via cytochrome P450) or its major metabolites occurred as a result of coadministering either cimetidine or nizatidine. Twelve females and 2 males with mean age, weight, and albumin concentrations of 58 years, 61 kg, and 40 g·L−1 respectively, completed the study. Comparisons were made between the following parameters: plasma piroxicam AUCs [AUC0-24(P)], plasma 5-hydroxypiroxicam AUCs [AUC0-24(5-OHP)], the ratio of these i.e. AUC0-24(5-OHP):AUC0-24(p), the % piroxicam daily dose excreted in urine as 5-hydroxypiroxicam (before and after glucuronidase incubation); and the mean of the steady state trough piroxicam, and 5-hydroxypiroxicam concentrations (obtained during each study phase in addition to the wash-out period). A statistically significant difference as a result of initiating either cimetidine or nizatidine was obtained only for the ratio AUC0-23(5-OHP):AUC0-24(P). This was indicative of a weak potential to inhibit piroxicam hydroxylation. No clinically significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of piroxicam occurred in these subjects as a result of cimetidine or nizatidine coadministration. Consequently it is unlikely that any adverse events would arise from these combinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 4 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have investigated the relationship between the suppression of acidity by antisecretory drugs for the treatment of benign gastric ulcer and their corresponding ulcer-healing rates. For a variety of antisecretory drug regimens, there was a significant correlation between suppression of 24-h intragastric acidity and ulcer healing rates after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. There was a lesser degree of correlation between healing and suppression of nocturnal acidity and the association between suppression of acidity and gastric-ulcer healing rates was less marked than that previously described for duodenal ulcer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are being prescribed increasingly with an H2-antagonist. This article reviews those published studies which have examined the potential for pharmacokinetic and, where appropriate, pharmacodynamic interactions between these classes of drugs. Studies involving the administration of a single dose of a NSAID to young healthy volunteers are of limited relevance in establishing the likely effect of an H2-antagonist on the blood concentrations of an NSAID in patients. Appropriate studies are those which will examine the effects of H2-antagonists on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs in patients with inflammatory joint diseases. More of such studies are required, particularly involving elderly patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 4 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a double-blind randomized study, the profile of 24-h intragastric acidity and nocturnal gastric secretion was measured in a group of patients with healed gastric ulcer on placebo and 400 mg cimetidine b.d. and 800 mg nocte. Neither cimetidine regimen significantly decreased daytime intragastric acidity, but the 800 mg nocte dose caused a significant decrease in both nocturnal acidity (18.1 to 5.5 mmol/L; P 〈 0.05) and acid output (11.0 to 1.7 mmol 7 h; P 〈 0.05). The decrease in nocturnal gastric secretion by 400 mg cimetidine b.d. was not significant.As in duodenal ulcer, 800 mg cimetidine nocte will effectively suppress night-time acid secretion in patients with gastric ulcer while leaving acid secretion during the day unaffected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Although omeprazole has a long duration of action and has usually been given in the morning, there are theoretical advantages in administering antisecretory drugs in the evening as has been shown for the H2-receptor antagonists. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of placebo and 20 mg omeprazole given either in the morning or evening, on gastric acidity, plasma gastrin levels and plasma omeprazole in 6 duodenal ulcer patients. The 24-hour mean pH (± S.E.M.) was: placebo 1.7 ± 0.1; morning doing, 3.9 ± 1.8 (P 〈 0.01); evening dosing, 2.9 ± 1.1 (N.S.). There was a large inter-individual variability of intragastric acidity in response to omeprazole, which was reflected both in the plasma gastrin and in the area under the plasma omeprazole concentration–time curve. Morning administration of omeprazole is optimal, but variability in the patient response to 20 mg omeprazole is still seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 5 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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