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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic studies of the effects of salt addition in the protonation and deprotonation of emeraldine films (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 833-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: spectroscopy ; polyaniline ; Donnan effect ; protonation/deprotonation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Emeraldine base films were treated with HClO4 solutions of various concentrations, with and without the addition of NaClO4. The protonation of the films was studied using angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy, and ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorption spectroscopy. The protonation level can be substantially increased by the presence of salt if sufficient time is allowed for the anions to migrate into the bulk of the film. Conversely, in the partial deprotonation of emeraldine salt films, a higher retention of anions is observed in the presence of salt, even though the effect is not as pronounced as in the protonation process. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330512
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of gold by electroless precipitation from acid solutions using polyaniline (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 59 (1994), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2575
    Keywords: polyaniline ; Au reduction ; acid solution ; redox states ; XPS ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The oxidation of the leucoemeraldine (LM) and emeraldine (EM) states of polyaniline (PAN) and the subsequent reprotonation and reduction of the nigraniline (NA) and pernigraniline (PNA) in acid gold solution were utilized for the spontaneous and sustained reduction of gold. The rate of Au reduction is strongly dependent on the intrinsic oxidation state of the polymer and the polymer surface area. The rate also increases with decreasing pH of the chloroauric solution to about pH ∼ 1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) results indicate that only elemental gold or Au(0) accumulates on the polymer surface. The N1s core-level spectra of the protonated and base form of EM films after Au reduction confirm that the intrinsic structure of the polymer remains intact. The process, however, is limited by the decreasing effective surface area of the polymer due to Au deposition. The results indicate that an LM film accumulated up to five times its own weight of Au (Au/monomer mole ratio 〉 2) before the recovery rate was significantly retarded.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280590106
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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