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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of immunoglobulins responsible for histamine release induced by microbial antigens in AIDS patients (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: AIDS patients in contrast to healthy individuals show basophil histamine release by stimulation in vitro of their blood leukocytes with Candida albicans (CA) and Herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-I). Passive sensitization of cells from healthy individuals with the patient serum or surface immunoglobulins (Ig) derived from leukocytes of AIDS patients caused histamine release by the following stimulation of the cells with CA or HSV-I. When IgE was removed from the surface Ig no response was obtained, whereas a removal of IgG did not diminish the response. In contrast, no passive sensitization was obtained by serum derived from healthy individuals. The results show that IgE is responsible for the histamine release caused by CA and HSV-I in AIDS patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb04183.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Bacterial Endotoxins on Basophil Histamine Release Potentiation of Antigen- and Bacteria-Induced Histamine Release (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histamine-releasing capability of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was examined in human leukocyte suspensions. LPS alone did not release histamine, but was found to enhance the histamine release caused by anti-IgE. Also the IgE-mediated histamine release caused by specific antigens (allergens or bacteria) in sensitized individuals was enhanced by LPS. The potentiating effect of LPS was observed in grass pollen and dog dander allergic patients as well as in patients sensitized to E. coli or Staph, aureus bacteria. No potentiation was obtained by exposure to unspecific allergens or bacteria to which the persons were not sensitized. Bacteria can release histamine by immunological or nonimmunological mechanisms, and only the immunological histamine release was found to be potentiated by LPS. It is speculated that endotoxins reinforce release of histamine caused by allergens in allergic patients or by bacteria in persons sensitized to these microorganisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00288.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial Histamine Release by Immunological and Non-Immunological Lectin-Mediated Reactions (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 39 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mechanisms of bacteria-induced histamine release were examined in vitro in human leukocytes and rat mast cells. Three types of bacterial responders were found. In persons with IgE-bearing basophilocytes bacterial histamine release could be triggered by two different mechanisms, an IgE-dependent mechanism where removal of IgE abolished the release and a non-immunological mechanism where this was not the case. In responders with no IgE-bearing cells bacterial histamine release was caused by a non-immunological mechanism. The non-immunological mechanism was further substantiated by release in isolated mast cells from germ-free rats. These experiments suggest a direct interaction between bacteria and target cell, and experiments with multi-washed bacteria and bacteria cell wall preparations indicate the possibility of the bacteria wall interacting with the target cell. It is probable that the non-immunological mechanism depends on lectin-mediated reactions, since bacteria-induced histamine release was inhibited by lectin-binding sugars as is release caused by plant lectins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1984.tb01955.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative and Qualitative Estimations of IgE Bound to Basophil Leukocytes from Hay Fever Patients (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 6 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: IgE was removed from human basophils of 4 nonatopic persons and 10 hay fever patients allergic to timothy grass pollen by treating the cells with buffer to adjusted pH 4. IgE could be removed and refixed to the same cells. Refixation was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and by the ability of basophils to release histamine on exposure to timothy pollen. Removed total IgE and specific IgE directed against timothy pollen were estimated, and a linear correlation to the level of total IgE and specific IgE in serum was found. The total number of IgE molecules per basophil was calculated to be in the range of 30,000 to 300,000, and timothy-specific IgE constituted 4%-15% of the total IgE molecules on the cells. It was furthermore established that specific cell-bound IgE was linearly correlated to the pollen concentration releasing 20% of the histamine contents of the basophils. Separated IgE from sensitized and nonsensitized basophils could be bound to basophils from other patients, resulting in a change in cell sensitivity. This could be ascribed to additional binding to free cell receptors as well as to a partial replacement of bound IgE. Basophils from nonatopic persons could not be sensitized by incubation with surface IgE from atopic persons. The results indicate that acid treatment is a simple method suitable for removing IgE from basophils. This IgE is intact and can be quantitated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00338.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normal ICOS, ICOSL and AID Alleles in Danish Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 61 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Common variable immunodeficiency, CVID, is a primary antibody deficiency characterized by decreased levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), decreased IgA and/or IgM and recurrent infections. It is assumed to be heterogeneous group of disorders caused by different genetic defects. Some patients have decreased levels of class switched memory B cells and/or decreased levels of somatic hypermutation which points to defects in the germinal centre (GC) reactions as cause of the disease in these patients. The inducible costimulator, ICOS, and its' ligand, ICOSL, are both involved in and necessary for the GC reaction and so is activation-induced cytidine deaminase, AID. Therefore, we sequenced the ICOS, ICOSL and AID genes in a cohort of 34 Danish CVID patients. We found 13 new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the intron regions of the ICOSL gene as well as one SNP in exon 3. However, none of these polymorphisms were associated with CVID. We did not find a previously reported CVID-causing ICOS gene deletion or any other unique mutations in the ICOS or AID genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.001603.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric mucosal cytokine responses in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients with gastritis and peptic ulcers. Association with inflammatory parameters and bacteria load (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 36 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen in gastroduodenal inflammation and ulceration. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain its role. We studied the cytokine production patterns in situ in gastric mucosal biopsies from H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients with dyspepsia. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies was used. The study showed enhanced expression of interleukin (IL) -8, IL-10 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in H. pylori infection and a significant association was found between these cytokines and the following parameters: bacteria load, chronic inflammation and activity. These parameters were significantly correlated with the cell markers CD19 and CD56. The study indicates a dual effect of H. pylori on the Th1 response, i.e. a stimulation of the response verified by increased IFN-γ and a feed-back verified by an increase of the counterinflammatory IL-10, which may dampen the inflammatory and cytotoxic effect of the Th1 response. Furthermore, the study confirms the connection between increase of IL-8 and inflammatory activity in gastric mucosa in H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00028-2
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double blind placebo controlled exposure to molds: exposure system and clinical results (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Indoor air 15 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00351.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIV antigen-induced release of histamine from basophils from HIV infected patients (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Basophil leukocytes from 39 HIV-infected patients with various degrees of immunodeficiency and disease progression were stimulated with an HIV antigen preparation. Cells from 19 of 22 patients with AIDS and all of six patients with milder degrees of HXV-related disease showed significant histamine release. In contrast, cells from 11 asymptomatic HIV-infected patients and 11 healthy control persons released no histamine. The histamine release induced by HIV antigen was found to be inversely correlated to the number of CD4 positive T lymphocytes. These results indicate that the histamine release was related to both the clinical stage of disease and the degree of immunodeficiency. Passive sensitization experiments showed that IgE, but not IgG, was reponsible for the induction of histamine release, indicating the reaction to be type 1 allergic. The histamine release caused by HIV might be involved in the development of disease because of the immunomodulating properties of this mediator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00572.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokine-induced histamine release from basophils of AIDS patients (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Basophil leukocytes obtained from AIDS patients, allergic patients and healthy control were stimulated in vitro with interleukin 4, lymphotoxin, tumour necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma to examine the histamine releasing effect. The cytokines caused histamine release from the basophils of approximately half the AIDS patients and from 8–17% of the allergic patients. No response was obtained in the control group. Removal of cell surface immunoglobulins abolished the response to cytokines, indicating an Ig-dependent mechanism. Passive sensitization with cell-derived Ig, with Ig deprived of IgE, or with IgG, indicated that cell-bound IgE was responsible for the cytokine-induced histamine release in AIDS patients. This response may be mediated by cytokine-selective IgE antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00556.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacteria-induced histamine release from human bronchoalveolar cells and blood leukocytes (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Histamine release induced by Staphylococcus aureus was examined in cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in non-topic individuals. Approximately half of the individuals responded with mediatior release to the bacterium, and the release was found to be time- and concentration dependent. No difference was found between the patients obtained by who responded and those who did not respond in regard to age, sex, smoker/nonsmoker % recovery of BAL-fluid, total cell count, differential cell counts, histamine content per mast cell, or diagnoses. Also stimulation of the BAL-cells with the calcium-ionophore A23187 resulted in histamine release, S. aureus-induced histamine release from basophils was examined in leukocyte suspensions obtained from the same individuals, and in all experiments release was found. The dose-response curves were similar to those obtained with BAL cells- The bacteria-induced mediator release from superficially lying cells in the airways epithelium might be of importance for the precipitation or exacerbation of bronchial asthma in respiratory tract infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00542.x
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