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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic structure of 4,5-bis(dimethylamino)fluorene. PE spectroscopic investigations (1984)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 49 (1984), S. 4463-4465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00197a026
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    pH-based enzyme potentiometric sensors. Part 1. Theory (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 57 (1985), S. 1917-1920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00286a027
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a polymer network on the alignment and the rotational viscosity of a nematic liquid crystal (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 3161-3164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polymer dispersions were made by photoinduced polymerization of 4,4'-bisacryloyl-biphenyl in liquid crystal 4-4'-cyano pentyl biphenyl as nematic solvent. Samples were prepared with 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt % monomer. The polymerization was done in the isotropic phase. The rotational viscosities of the two lower concentration samples increased only moderately after UV curing (3 mW/cm2, 25 min). The 1.5 wt % sample gave under the same condition a nematic with a fairly rigid anisotropic network that did not realign in magnetic field up to 20 kG. We estimate that the mesh size of the network was in the order of 1 μm, significantly smaller than the magnetic coherence length of the solvent that is in the order of 5 μm. The diamagnetic anisotropies of the aligned samples were not affected significantly by the polymer. We studied electro-optical properties on thin films. The films were strongly light scattering but they could be switched to transparent state. We conclude that the polymer forms a network of loosely connected fibrils that interacts strongly with the director field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351478
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Curvature elasticity and rotational viscosity of the nematic decylammonium chloride system (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 5137-5142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experimental data are reported on curvature elasticity and rotational viscosity of micellar nematics formed in the decylammonium chloride/NH4Cl/H2O system. Two mixtures of different salt concentrations were studied (DACl:NH4Cl=10:1 and 20:1 by weight). The constants for the bend elasticity and the rotational viscosity were found to vary over nearly three orders of magnitude from 0.2×10−6 to 150×10−6 dyn and from 1 to about 1000 P, respectively. The large range is due to the divergence at the nematic–smectic transition. Both constants diverge with the same exponent. We obtained an exponent of 1.07±0.05 for a weight ratio DACl/NH4Cl of 20 and 0.87±0.02 for a ratio of 10, but an unexpected thermal hysteresis interfered with a reliable determination of the critical properties. Overall, the elastic properties and the divergence is this micellar nematic are similar to those observed in thermotropic nematics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454667
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of density and expansion coefficient for the nematic, lamellar smectic, and isotropic phase of micellar systems (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 5011-5015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurements of the density and expansion coefficient as a function of temperature are presented for two micellar systems, namely, decylammonium chloride/NH4Cl/water, and cesium perfluorooctanoate/water. The measurements cover the lamellar smectic, the nematic, and the isotropic micellar solution. The measurements show that away from the phase transitions, the density decreases smoothly with increasing temperature. At the nematic-to-isotropic transition the density shows steplike features, indicating a change in the micellar structure at the transition, with denser packing of the amphiphiles in the micelles of the isotropic phase. A similar change is observed in the lamellar to nematic transition, however, the detailed behavior at this transition showed some dependence on the history of the sample. The expansion coefficients decrease at the transitions. Considerable pretransitional behavior is observed about the lamellar-to-nematic transition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456570
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid-crystal polymorphism in bis(4-n-alkoxybenzal)-1,4-phenylenediamines (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 91 (1969), S. 3671-3673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01041a055
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helix deformation and bistable switching of ferroelectric liquid crystals (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1891-1894 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We studied electro-optical properties of 5–13-μm-thick films of a short pitch (0.43 μm) chiral smectic C liquid crystal in bookshelf structure. The anchoring at the silane treated surfaces was relatively weak so that the relaxed bookshelf structure was helical also at the surfaces. Low fields cause only a deformation of the helix. Larger fields unwind the helix and give a quasibistable switching since the helix recovers at zero fields only slowly via a nucleation process. There is an intermediate field range where the sample is in a mixed state: In some areas the helical structure remains stable, while in other areas switching occurs between two unwound states. In the intermediate field range bistable switching with a gray scale is possible. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361091
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uniform bookshelf alignment of chiral smectic C films with guided backflow (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 2877-2880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe a new technique to prepare cells of smectic C* films with a uniform bookshelf texture that can be bistably switched. This is achieved with a homeotropic surface coating with weak anchoring properties. The surface of one plate was modulated by parallel stripes of a polymer which hinder flow perpendicular to the stripes. This gives bias to field induced flow effects and enhances alignment by periodic switching. The resulting texture is uniform with smectic layers normal to the cover plates and parallel to the deposited stripes. The stripes also help to reheal textures with defects. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366120
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrically induced uniform planar alignment of S*C liquid crystals on homeotropically treated plates (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 2777-2779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chevron textures of SC* films are usually obtained with the conventional procedure where a planar alignment coating (e.g., buffed polyimide) is used. We describe a new technique which enables us to obtain uniform bookshelf textures which show bistability and can be switched with low fields (∼1 V/μm). This is achieved with a homeotropic surface coating. With a homeotropic coating the samples form a uniform texture with horizontal layers on cooling. The homeotropic texture becomes unstable under sufficiently strong electric fields and transforms to a birefringent texture with smectic layers oriented vertically. Without an additional bias the texture has domains of different layer orientations. By simultaneous application of a vertical field and horizontal shear stable uniform bookshelf textures can be obtained. Here we show that it is possible to obtain uniform bookshelf alignment by the simultaneous action of a horizontal field gradient and ac fields. The horizontal gradient leads to a more or less well-defined propagating front of the texture transformation. It results in a biased domain texture with vertical layers. The effect of the strong ac field (∼100 Hz) is to smooth out the domain texture. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112560
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method to obtain uniform bookshelf textures in smectic C* liquid crystals (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 2622-2624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new method is described to obtain homogeneous bookshelf textures in thin films of ferroelectric smectic C* material with short pitch and high Ps. The surfaces were coated with silane to obtain a homeotropic texture. The sample was realigned to a homogeneous bookshelf texture under simultaneous application of an electric field and shearing. The texture is stable and gives a very good contrast (∼80) under permanent drive condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.106900
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