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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative potency of atenolol and propranolol as beta-adrenergic blocking agents in man (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 10 (1976), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hypertension ; beta-blockers ; atenolol ; propranolol ; isoprenaline-tachycardia ; exercise tachycardia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The comparative potency of two beta-blockers, propranolol and atenolol, in the inhibition of exercise tachycardia and isoproterenol-tachycardia has been studied in two groups of hypertensive patients, using oral doses which were increased weekly. A linear correlation was observed between the reduction in exercise tachycardia and the dose of each drug, up to a daily dose of propranolol 480 mg and atenolol 600 mg. Propranolol was slightly (0.7/1) more potent in decreasing maximal exercise tachycardia than atenolol when tested in low doses (below 100 mg); at higher doses (480 mg) no differences were found. However, atenolol was 10 times less potent than propranolol in blocking isoprenaline-induced tachycardia, which seems to be related to the cardioselectivity of atenolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00565617
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haemodynamic response to graded exercise during chronic beta-adrenergic blockade with bunitrolol, an agent with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 333-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Bunitrolol ; β-blockade ; partial agonist ; haemodynamic response ; exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of chronic beta blockade on the haemodynamic response to graded exercise was studied in 18 hypertensive patients treated with bunitrolol, which has partial agonist activity. The patients first received a placebo for 5 to 12 days, then bunitrolol 30 mg daily for one week and subsequently the dose was doubled weekly as necessary upto 240 mg daily. At rest haemodynamic changes after beta blockade were only minor; heart rate decreased by 8% and no significant change was observed in stroke index, cardiac index, (a-v)O2 difference and VO2. The hypotensive effect was not significant and no significant change in mean pulmonary arterial and wedge pressure was observed. Maximal exercise capacity remained unchanged, because of haemodynamic responses. The maximal exercise heart rate was reduced by 25% during beta blockade, which was compensated by a 34% elevation in stroke index, whereas maximal cardiac index and (a-v)O2 difference remained unchanged. There was no consistent change in mean pulmonary artery pressure during maximal exercise, but the mean brachial artery pressure fell by 12%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562447
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-methyl-p-tyrosine in malignant pheochromocytoma (1969)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 1 (1969), S. 174-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch Behandlung mit α-Methyl-p-Tyrosin konnten bei einem Patienten mit malignem Phaeochromocytom der gesteigerte arterielle Blutdruck gesenkt und die damn zusammenhängenden klinischen Symptome gebessert werden. Gleichzeitig nahmen dio im Harn ausgeschiedenen Mengen von Noradrenalin und 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxymandelsäure (“Vanillinmandelsäure”) signifikant ab, die von Dopamin und Homovanillinsäure dagegen zu. Während der Behandlung konnten im Harn α-Methyl-Dopamin und α-Methyl-Noradrenalin nachgewiesen werden.
    Notes: Summary Treatment of a malignant pheochromocytoma patient with a-methyl-p-tyrosine was effective in controlling the raised arterial blood pressure and the associated clinical signs and was followed by a decrease of urinary noradrenaline and vanillylmandelic acid and by a increase in urinary dopamine and homovanillic acid. In the course of this treatment large amounts of α-methyl-dopamine and detectable amounts of α-methyl-noradrenaline were found in the urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00456942
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypotensive effects of sodium volume depletion and 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II in relation to plasma renin in hypertensive patients (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hypertension ; low sodium diet ; angiotensin antagonist ; plasma renin ; chlorthalidone ; hypotensive effect ; sodium depletion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypotensive effect of acute sodium volume depletion, produced by chlorthalidone and a low sodium diet, was inversely related to the plasma renin concentration (PRC) in 13 hypertensive patients of varying aetiology (r=0.61; p〈0.05); weight reduction induced by this therapy was not related to PRC (r=0.12; p〉0.1). The angiotensin II antagonist 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II failed to reduce arterial pressure when the patients ingested 130 mEq sodium per day, but pressure fell when it was infused during sodium volume depletion, except when PRC remained low; the changes in pressure were related to the plasma renin level (r=0.78; p〈0.005). The combined hypotensive response to acute sodium volume depletion and to angiotensin II blockade during sodium volume depletion was not related to PRC (r=0.15; p〉0.1). The results demonstrate that acute sodium volume depletion caused similar weight loss in patients with high and low PRC values, and it would have had similar hypotensive effects but for angiotensin-induced vasoconstriction in the high renin patients. Since 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II also reduced arterial pressure in 6 patients during chronic diuretic therapy, angiotensin II must still induce vasoconstriction in these circumstances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561398
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the editors (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 409-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: salphinpyrazone ; myocardial infarction ; serum creatinine ; impaired renal function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00548777
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative potency of a beta-blocking and a calcium entry blocking agent as antihypertensive drugs in black patients (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1986), S. 523-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitrendipine ; acebutolol ; hypertension ; blacks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The short-term efficacy of nitrendipine (N) as a first stage antihypertensive drug in black patients has been assessed and compared with acebutolol (A) in a double-blind study. Forty patients were randomized and after a 4 week run-in period on placebo, the active treatment was administered for 6 weeks starting with 20 mg N or 200 mg A once daily. The dose was increased up to 60 mg N or 600 mg A as needed. Nitrendipine appeared to be more efficient than acebutolol in reducing blood pressure and the N-induced fall in blood pressure was achieved after 2 weeks. After 2 and 6 weeks on N, the recumbent blood pressure was decreased by 13% and 12% for the systolic and by 14% and 11% for the diastolic pressure. The concurrent decreases in the A group averaged 4% and 5% for the systolic and 5% and 10% for the diastolic pressure after 2 and 6 weeks. Pulse rate and plasma renin activity in the N group were slightly increased and body weight was decreased at the end of the active treatment period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00635887
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of various vasodepressor systems in the acute hypotensive effect of captopril in man (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hypertension ; captopril ; angiotensin ; renin ; aldosterone ; catecholamines ; prostaglandins ; kininase II ; hypotensive action
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The acute hypotensive effect of captopril 25 mg was investigated in 26 hypertensive patients (11 with essential and 15 with renal arterial disease). Intra-arterial blood pressure was recorded continuously and arterial blood was sampled for renin, angiotensin I and II, aldosterone, kininase II, catecholamines and prostaglandins. Captopril led to an increase in plasma renin activity, active and total plasma renin concentration and angiotensin I, a decrease in plasma kininase II activity, angiotensin II, aldosterone, prostaglandins E2 and F2* and no change in plasma (nor)adrenaline, dopamine and inactive renin concentration. The hypotensive effect of captopril was related to the changes in plasma angiotensin II level and inversely to the change in prostaglandin E2; the correlation coefficients were low, respectively 0.61 and −0.44. It is likely that the acute hypotensive effect of captopril to some extent is related to changes in plasma angiotensin II and in prostaglandins E2 and F2*. There is no evidence for a role of the adrenergic systems in the hypotensive response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554659
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute calcium entry blockade inhibits the blood pressure but not the hormonal responses to angiotensin II (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 567-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: isradipine ; hypertension ; blood pressure ; calcium entry blockade ; renin angiotensin system ; aldosterone plasma renin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of acute calcium entry blockade by isradipine (IS) and placebo (P) on the haemodynamic and humoral responses to angiotensin II (A II) have been compared in two groups of 9 patients with essential hypertension. During 4 sequential periods each of 20 min, an i.v. infusion of A II 0, 2, 4 and 8 ng · kg−1 · min−1 was given before (control) and 30 min after the oral administration either of IS or P. After IS, both the blood pressure and the angiotensin II-induced pressor effect were significantly reduced. Isradipine increased the heart rate and this cardio-acceleration was potentiated by A II. In contrast, when A II was infused in the absence of IS, heart rate tended to decrease. IS stimulated plasma renin activity and reduced plasma aldosterone. However, it did not affect either the inhibition of plasma renin activity or the rise in plasma aldosterone in response to A II. In conclusion, acute calcium entry blockade in patients with essential hypertension reduces the pressor response to A II, but not the A II-induced inhibition of renin and increase in plasma aldosterone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637737
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Humoral and cellular effects of the K+-channel activator cromakalim in man (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 609-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cromakalim ; erythrocyte potassium ; potassium transport system ; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ; catecholamines ; atrial natriuretic peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of cromakalim, a K+-channel activator, on the plasma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, catecholamines and α-atrial natriuretic peptide, and on the intraerythrocyte concentration and transmembrane fluxes of Na+ and K+ has been investigated in 18 normal male subjects, in a double-blind parallel study. After a run-in period on placebo for 1 week, the subjects were treated either with placebo (n=6) or cromakalim (n=12) for 1 week. Plasma renin activity was significantly increased during cromakalim. No effect of cromakalim on plasma angiotensin II, aldosterone, adrenaline, noradrenaline and α-atrial natriuretic peptide was demonstrated. The intra-erythrocyte K+ concentration was decreased during cromakalim administration and Ca2+-dependent K+-channels in red blood cells were increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562554
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute haemodynamic and humoral responses to felodipine and metoprolol in mild hypertension (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 32 (1987), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: felodipine ; metoprolol ; hypertension ; aldosterone ; angiotensin ; cardiac output ; catecholamines ; pulmonary vascular resistance ; renin ; systemic vascular resistance ; haemodynamic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Oral administration of felodipine to 10 patients with mild essential hypertension acutely reduced systemic vascular resistance (SVR) by 40% after 30 min. The change in SVR was significantly related to age (r=−0.74). The reduction in the intraarterially measured brachial artery pressure was limited to 15/13 mmHg, due to a rise in cardiac output (CO). The tachycardia was sustained for 90 min, as was an elevation of plasma noradrenaline. There was a transient increase in stroke volume, associated with a reduction in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, which was at least partly due to a reduced intravascular volume. In contrast to SVR, pulmonary vascular resistance was not affected by felodipine. Addition of intravascular metoprolol after 90 min decreased HR and CO and augmented SVR. The felodipine-induced rise in plasma renin activity (PRA) of 100% was completely reversed by metoprolol. Plasma angiotensin II (PA II) rose by 15% during felodipine, whereas plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) was not affected. Thus, actuely administered felodipine was a potent dilator of systemic but not of pulmonary arterioles, it stimulated the sympathetic nervous system, and reduced left ventricular filling pressure. The rise in plasma renin did not result in a higher plasma aldosterone level, due partly to reduced generation of angiotensin II.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609960
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