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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological study in the early stages of complement C5a fragment-induced experimental meningitis: activation of macrophages and astrocytes (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 89 (1995), S. 239-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Meningitis ; C5a complement ; Macrophage ; Astrocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Subarachnoidal application of the complement C5a fragment was used to induce acute experimental meningitis in rabbits and rats within 30–60 min. The early stages of the cellular inflammatory response were studied by means of flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy. Infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) into the subarachnoidal space was the earliest event of the inflammatory reaction. By morphological criteria we found that PMN interacted with cells of the mononuclear-macrophage lineage (MML) and the marginal astrocytes via pseudopodia, whereas the pial cells were not involved in early stages of the inflammatory response. The number of invaded MML that were positive with the ED2 marker increased, indicating the hematogenous origin of the immigrating cell population. PMN were found to infiltrate the perivascular space of the marginal arterial vessel segments. This perivascular infiltration was assumed to be the first manifestation of cerebral vasculitis. The intimate association of resident cerebral cells (astrocytes) with invading PMN and MML is suggestive of a transient interaction of these cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309339
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two homologous protein components of hepatic gap junctions (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 329 (1987), S. 732-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In general, isolated hepatic gap junctions6'7 are found to contain a predominant protein of Mr~28K, although an unrelated, Mr 16K, protein has been reported in protease resistant fractions isolated by a specific protocol8. The 28K hepatic junction protein (HJP28) is related to the cardiac gap ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/329732a0
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of connexin43 mRNA in adult rodent brain (1997)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 107 (1997), S. 127-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The expression of connexin43 mRNA was detected in adult rat brains by in situ hybridization methods. Specific digoxigenin riboprobes were generated by in vitro transcription of two PCR-amplified fragments of connexin43 cDNA which lack homology with any other published connexin. Following immunohistochemical detection, the digoxigenin cRNA was found to occur in various neuronal populations including Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, pyramidal cells of the neocortex and the hippocampal formation, as well as granule cells of the dentate gyrus and various neurons of diverse hindbrain nuclei. This ubiquituous expression of connexin43 mRNA in adult neurons, in particular in neocortical pyramidal cells, is surprising insofar as gap junction communication in adult bains has been considered to be confined to specific subpopulations of neurons revealing a high incidence of synchronized electrical activities in contrast to the postnatal brain where interneuronal coupling via gap junctions precedes the formation of chemical transmission. In addition, connexin43 is regarded as being preferentially expressed in astrocytes, although its presence in adult neurons has not definitely been excluded. We propose that adult neurons preserve their capability of expressing functional gap junctions more frequently than presently considered and that connexin43 is a most likely neuronal gap junction protein candidate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050097
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in non-proliferating epithelial cells of the male urogenital tract (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 103 (1995), S. 311-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The localization of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in the male urogenital tract (including seminal vesicles and prostate) of the mouse and bull was investigated using immunocytochemical and immunochemical methods in order to better understand the function of this glycoprotein in non-neural tissues. L1 antibodies labeled non-myelinated nerves in all portions of the urogenital tract investigated. However, L1 immunoreactivity was also found between epithelial cells of several regions of the urogenital system including epididymal tail, deferent duct, ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicles. Some L1 immunoreactivity was also demonstrated between epithelial cells of murine urinary bladder and urethra. The specificity of the immunoreaction was verified by western blots. There was no correlation between L1 expression and proliferating activity as revealed by double immunocytochemistry using various markers of cell proliferation. This unexpected expression of L1 in nonneural tissue is mainly restricted to non-proliferating epithelia of those portions of the urogenital tract that are derived from the Wolffian duct. It is suggested that L1 in these epithelia could enhance the mechanical resistance and reduce transepithelial permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01457416
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of the medullary chemosensitive fields (1981)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 391 (1981), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Central chemosensitivity ; Morphology ; HRP ; Labelling ; Mapping ; Medulla oblongata ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A modified horseradish peroxidase labelling technique was used to study the distribution pattern of neurons in the central chemosensitive fields of the medulla oblongata of cats. In several cryosectioned medullae a mapping of superficially located HRP-labelled neurons was achieved. The distribution and configuration of the labelled neurons indicate that most of them belong to the nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis. However, by varying the time of incubation it was possible to identify different types of neurons. On the basis of certain aspects of the HRP incorporation mode and neuronal topography a specific type of small-sized neurons has been identified. Some functional implications of these small neurons with respect to their possible chemosensitive activity are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00596175
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and genetic investigations on gap junctions from mammalian cells (1982)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 9 (1982), S. 103-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Gap junction ; Protein ; Antisera ; Immunoblot ; Immuno electron microscopy ; Liver ; Metabolic cooperation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Gap junction protein (26K) in mouse or rat liver has been studied using a rabbit antiserum directed against the sodium dodecylsulfate denatured 26K protein from mouse liver. The liver 26K protein has been localized in gap junction plaques of hepatic plasma membranes by immuno electron microscopy. Affinity purified anti-26K antiserum showed weak cross reactivity with mouse or bovine lens gap junction protein (MIP26). This result suggests some structural homology between the different gap junction proteins in liver and lens. After partial hepatectomy of young rats the liver 26K protein appears to be degraded and later resynthesized. A variant of established Chinese hamster fibroblastoid cells has been isolated and shown to be defective in metabolic cooperation via gap junctions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539108
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium-phosphate-phospholipid complexes in experimental tumors: their possible relationship with tumor calcification (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 79 (1973), S. 148-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Calcium-phosphate-phospholipid complexes have been isolated from experimental tumors. The Chromatographie analysis indicates that most of the phosphatidylserine and a part of the phosphatidylethanolamine from the phospholipid of the tumor are bound to calcium in a complex. The proportions of calcium and phosphorus in the complexes show variations related to the type of tumor and to its age.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Aus künstlich erzeugten Tumoren wurden Calcium-Phosphat-Phospholipid-Komplexe isoliert. Die chromatographische Analyse zeigt, daß der größte Teil des Phosphatidylserins und ein Teil des Phosphatidyläthanolamins der im Tumor enthaltenen Phospholipide sich mit Calcium verbinden. Das Verhältnis von Calcium und Phosphor in diesen Komplexen schwankt in Abhängigkeit von Typ und Alter des Tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303672
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional Expression of the Murine Connexin 36 Gene Coding for a Neuron-Specific Gap Junctional Protein (2000)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 176 (2000), S. 249-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Gap junctions — Electrical synapses — Neuronal connexin — Transcriptional start site — Cx36
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. The mouse connexin 36 (Cx36) gene was mapped on chromosome 2 and an identical transcriptional start site was determined in brain and retina on exon I. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies to the presumptive cytoplasmic loop of the Cx36 protein recognized in immunohistochemical analyses Cx36 expression in the retina, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, inferior olive and cerebellum. In olivary neurons strong punctate labeling at dendritic cell contacts and weaker labeling in the cytoplasm of dendrites were shown by immuno electron microscopy. After expression of mouse Cx36 cDNA in human HeLa cells, neurobiotin transfer was increased 1.8-fold and electrical conductance at least 15-fold compared to untransfected HeLa cells. No Lucifer Yellow transfer was detected in either untransfected or Cx36 transfected HeLa cells. Single Cx36 channels in transfected HeLa cells showed a unitary conductance of 14.3 ± 0.8 pS. The sensitivity of Cx36 channels to transjunctional voltage was low in both HeLa-Cx36 cells and Xenopus oocytes expressing mouse Cx36. No increased transfer of neurobiotin was detected in heterotypic gap junctions formed by Cx36 and 9 other connexins expressed in HeLa cells. Our results suggest that Cx36 channels function as electrical synapses for transmission of electrical and metabolic signals between neurons in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00232001094
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High risk groups for hepatitis B virus infection in a university hospital staff as determined by detection of HB antigens, antibodies, and Dane particles (1978)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 166 (1978), S. 241-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs has been determined by solidphase radioimmunoassay in 1815 university hospital employees and compared with the results obtained by investigating 131 metal workers and 86 laboratory technicians. Hospital personnel and here especially dialysis staff members and laboratory workers is at higher risk to acquire a hepatitis B virus infection than population compartments without contact to patients or blood. Electronmicroscopic studies revealed that a considerable number of the blood samples of HBsAg-positive staff members contained Dane-particles. These employees have to be considered infectious and possibly present a hazard to the patients they take care of.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02121157
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Junctions in the central nervous system of the cat (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 148 (1974), S. 577-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Node of Ranvier ; Axonal-glial junctions ; Cat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paranodal zone of myelinated nerve fibers from the CNS of cats has been studied by means of the lanthanum technique and after freeze-etching. Special interest was given to the axonal-glial zones of contact in this region. Examination of the membranes of the paranodal pockets and the axolemma revealed that the membrane thickenings which occur between the adjacent membranes actually consist of bands. The bands show a specific pattern of diagonal running subunits 10 nm apart. These substructures of the axonal side of the membrane contacts protrude outwards, i.e. towards the glial membrane, where they fit into depressions on the glial membrane surface. This arrangement in form of a “zip-fastener” makes the whole structure very flexible. The subdivision of the bands was identified with both techniques. The different membrane aspects obtained by the freeze-etching technique are discussed in respect to the splitting theory, and a hypothetical model of this membrane specialization is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221941
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