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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Luminescence 8 (1974), S. 462-470 
    ISSN: 0022-2313
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 1 (1982), S. 655-665 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Sono stati studiati gli effetti prodotti da un'onda convergente che si propaga attraverso un plasma. I dati sperimentali forniscono delle prime indicazioni sull'interazione di un'onda d'urto debole convergente con un plasma piuttosto inomogeneo, di densità intermedia (≃1018 cm−3), alla temperature di qualche eV. È stato riscontrato che la maggior parte dell'energia dell'onda convergente è spesa per la ionizzazione degli strati esterni e piú freddi del plasma. Nell'idrogeno l'energia residua dell'onda d'urto produce un rallentamento nel raffreddamento naturale del plasma, mentre nell'elio la piú bassa temperature iniziale e le piú alte energie di ionizzazione impediscono il manifestarsi di apprezzabili effetti di temperatura.
    Abstract: Резюме Исследуются эффекты, возникающие при прохождении сходящейся ударной волны через плазму. Эксперименталъные данные обнаруживают взаимодействие слабой сходящейся ударной волны с достаточно неоднородной плазмой с плотностъю (∼1018 см−3) при температуре в несколъко эВ. Обнаружено, что болъщая частъ энергии сходящейся ударной волны затрачивается на ионизацию холодных внешинх слоев плазмы. В водороде оставщаяся энергия ударной волны затрачивается на замедление в процессе естественного адиабатического охлаждения плазмы, тогда как в гелии более низкая температура и более высокие энергии ионизации препятствуют заметному температурному эффекту.
    Notes: Summary We tested the effects produced by a converging shock wave propagating through a plasma. Experimental data gave the first indications on the interaction of a weak converging front with a fairly inhomogeneous, intermediate-density (∼1018 cm−3) plasma at a temperature of few eV. It is found that most of the energy of the converging shock wave is devoted to the ionization of the cold external layers of the plasma. In hydrogen the residual shock energy produced a stop in natural adiabatic cooling, while in helium the lower temperature and the higher ionization energies avoided any appreciable temperature effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 13 (1991), S. 845-858 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Plasma production and heating by laser beams ; Waves ; oscillations and instabilities in plasma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Side emitted 3ω/2 radiation was studied by interacting 1.064 μm laser light with plasmas obtained from exploding thin foils. Both focusing (f/8) and collecting (f/7) optics were designed in order to reduce the instrumental bandwidth of the 3ω/2 spectrum. Time-resolved spectra and time-resolved images were obtained and analysed. All the observed spectral features, including the substantial lack of a «blue» component, the amount of red shift and bandwidth, are consistent with the Karttunen theory of half-integer harmonics generated in plasmas. This theory takes into account the propagation of ω/2 plasmons produced by «two plasmon decay» and their coupling with laser light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 17 (1995), S. 401-409 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Plasma properties ; Plasma production and heating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We studied theK-shell X-ray emission from plasmas produced by laser irradiation of Al foils. Electron temperature and density of the emitting region were estimated from line ratio measurements. Spectra obtained from the rear face of the foils showed that X-ray transmission is influenced by energy transport in the foil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 18 (1996), S. 727-738 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Plasma properties ; Plasma production and heating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Soft-X-ray generation in aluminium plasmas produced by Nd nano-second laser pulses is investigated analysing time-resolved spectra ofK-shell line emission. Time histories of line emission and electron temperature as well as the time-integrated X-ray yield were studied as a function of laser pulse duration and target position along the laser beam propagation axis. The experimental results suggest that X-ray emission is influenced by self-focusing of laser light in the plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 6 (1987), S. 135-137 
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Callus tissues from different explants (hypocotyl, cotyledon, root, leaf and fruit) of Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. were cultured on a modified Murashige-Skoog medium, with 1 mg.1−1 2,4-D as the sole growth regulator. The presence of the alkaloid solasodine was determined by spectrophotometric and TLC methods. Its concentration ranged from 1.00 to 2.15 mg.g−1 DW. The calli from different explants showed a direct association between the solasodine production and their growth, although they have a different production rate. It was also observed that about the seventh week of culture the metabolite concentration decreased in all cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Solasodine ; Solanum eleagnifolium ; Calli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of auxins, light and cellular production ofSolanum eleagnifolium Cav. calli were studied. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (4.5 μM) was the plant growth regulator used for calli initiation and this produced the highest solasodine concentration. The solasodine concentration in darkness was significantly lower than that achieved under a photoperiod of 16 h. Differentiated tissue obtained by adequate hormonal balance (several ratios of 3-indolebutyric acid to 6-benzylaminopurine) produced higher yields of solasodine than non-differentiated tissue. 3-indolebutyric acid (2.5 μM) and 6-benzylaminopurine (8.8 μM) increased the productivity of solasodine by 100%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Alkaloid formation ; ascorbate oxidase ; auxin ; Brugmansia candida ; Cucumis sativus ; gibberellic acid ; Nicotiana rustica ; transformed organ cultures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transformed organ cultures formed following transformation of plant tissues with Agrobacterium species owe their phenotypes to alterations in hormone metabolism. Exogenously supplied hormones have been used to probe the relationship between the growth and morphology of transformed root cultures of a number of species and their ability to accumulate secondary products. Auxins in the presence of low levels of kinetin induce the rapid disorganisation of transformed roots of Nicotiana rustica ultimately toform suspension cultures of transformed cells and this process is associated with a decrease in nicotine content of the cells. This is related to cells in the culture losing competence in alkaloid biosynthesis. In contrast, exogenously supplied GA3 enhanced branching in two transformed root clones of the tropane-alkaloid producing species, Brugmansia candida and so enhanced their typical “hairy root” phenotype. This growth substance had the effect of reducing the overall alkaloid accumulation but in one case significantly altered the relative concentrations of different tropine esters. In transformed roots of Cucumis sativus, the phenotype of the roots is influenced by the expression of auxin synthesis genes on TR-DNA resulting in roots with two distinct morphologies. The pattern of expression of the enzyme ascorbate oxidase in populations of control roots of different morphologies is described. The significance of these phenotypic variations on the utility of transformed root cultures for the study of secondary metabolic pathways will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 36 (1994), S. 163-168 
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Artemisa annua ; artemisinin ; cell suspension ; dedifferentiation ; differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dedifferentiated and differentiated tissue cultures ofArtemisia annua L. for artemisinin production were carried out. The calluses were initiated on MS medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g l-1), myoinositol (100 mg l-1) and RT vitamins. The auxins used were naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). These were added to the basal medium either singly or in combination. The best results were obtained with 2.4-d (4.5 μM : μ0.02 d-1) and NAA (5.4 μM : μ 0.06 d-1). Cell suspensions were established on the same media without agar. Suspension cultures showed different morphological characteristics according to the plant growth regulator supplied. Organized cultures were initiated from callus obtained on 2,4-d (4.5 μM) and from bud cultures. Medium containing 6-benzylaminepurine (BA) (8.9 μM)+NAA (0.54 μM); Zeatin (45.62 μM)+NAA (5.37 μM) or BA (8.9 μM) stimulated both organogenesis in callus (frequency of induction =50%) and semi-organized tissue in shoot buds. BA (13.32 μM)+NAA (1.08 μM) or BA (13.32 μM) only stimulated multiple shoot cultures (frequency of induction =80%). Regarding artemisinin content, while the values obtained were 1.13 and 0.78 mg gDW-1 in primary callus, artemisinin was not detected in cell suspension and only traces of it were found in multiple shoot cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 17 (1995), S. 1337-1342 
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of different concentrations of carbohydrates, nitrogen, sulphate, plant growth regulators and elicitors on growth and thiophene accumulation by transformed root cultures of Tagetes laxa (Cabrera) was studied. The combinations of sucrose (30 g/l), nitrogen (60 mM), sulphate (150 mM) and the ratio Nox:Nred 2:1 are the most appropriate combination to support growth and thiophene accumulation, which was increased by 90% when the cultures were elicited with homogenate of Sclerotinia sclerottiorum. The plant growth regulators used produced dedifferentiation with a decrease in thiophene biosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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