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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the Agglutination of IgG-coated Latex Particles by Clq: the Influence of Heat-labile Serum Components (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Interaction between human Clq and IgG coaled latex particles has been studied by means of a standard aggregometer equipment. A dose-dependent agglutination was observed and 100 ng of Clq were readily detected. The kinetics of the agglutination was also monitored. Serum, partially puritied Cl, and high molecular weight fractions from Sephadex G-200 fractionated serum produced agglutination only in the presence of EDTA. In the absence of this chclator these products disintegrated prerormed Clq-IgG-latex particle agglutinates. This disagglutin-ating principle is heat-sensitive and tentatively macromolecular Cl dependent. The most probable basis of the activity is the competition between Cl, with a high affinity for IgG particles, and Clq. The inability of Cl to induce particle agglutination might be causetl by the Cl subunits Clr and Cls sterically inhibiting the subunit Clq to bridge between the panicles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1979.tb03175.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential Expression of the C5a Receptor and Complement Receptors 1 and 3 after LPS Stimulation of Neutrophils and Monocytes (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 60 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Animal experiments recently suggested that administration of anti-C5a, anti-C5a receptor or soluble complement receptor type-1 may be of value in the treatment of septic shock. Because results regarding C5a receptor expression (C5a-R, CD-88) have been found to differ between septic animals and patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the neutrophil and monocyte receptor expression of CD-88 and complement receptor-1 (CR-1, CD-35) after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ex vivo.Whole blood or isolated neutrophils and monocytes from healthy people were incubated with LPS in a dose range of 0.1–1000 ng/ml. The expressions of CD-88 and CD-35 were analysed by means of flow cytometry. For comparison, the expressions of complement receptor-3 (CR-3, CD-11b/CD-18), Fc-γ receptor type-I (CD-64) and CEACAM-8 (CD-66b) were also investigated.In whole blood, CD-88 expression on neutrophils was reduced (P 〈 0.05). The expressions of CD-35 and CD-11b were increased both on neutrophils (P 〈 0.001; P 〈 0.05) and on monocytes (P 〈 0.001; P 〈 0.001). No effect was observed on isolated cells.In agreement with the findings in septic patients, LPS reduced the neutrophil C5a-R expression, whereas the expressions of CR-1 and CR-3 were increased. The effects of LPS were indirect and were mediated via factors in the blood. The clinical significance of this is not known, but may be associated with decreased chemotaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01499.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced Adhesion to Laminin by Apoptotic Eosinophils (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Apoptotic cells are regarded as inert bodies that turn off intracellular processes and functional capabilities. The objective was to study adhesion by eosinophils in relation to the apoptotic process. Eosinophils were cultured for up to 72 h. The living cells were separated from the apoptotic cells, and their adhesion to transfected cell lines expressing vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin and laminin was measured. To relate the functional studies with cell structure, the surface receptor expression of β1- and β2-integrins was investigated by flow cytometry. Apoptotic eosinophils evidenced an increased expression of the α-chain of the laminin receptor and CD49f and an increased ability to adhere to a laminin-coated surface. Adhesion to the endothelial cell adhesion receptors E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 was absent in apoptotic eosinophils and was paralleled by a low expression of CD11b, CD29, CD49d and CD66b. The specifically increased adhesion to laminin and expression of the laminin receptor α-chain is a unique feature of apoptotic eosinophils. When an eosinophil goes into apoptosis, it still possesses the ability to interact with its environment. Our results point to new ideas as to how the apoptotic eosinophil behaves in apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01317.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Stimulus-Dependent Release of Eosinophil Cationic Protein and Eosinophil Protein X Increases in Apoptotic Eosinophils (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Apoptotic cells are regarded as inert bodies that turn off intracellular processes and functional abilities. To study the changes in the ability of eosinophils to release their granule proteins while undergoing apoptosis. Eosinophils were cultured for up to 72 h. Living cells were separated from the apoptotic cells and their release of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) was measured in response to serum-opsonized sephadex particles and phorbol 12-myristate 12-acetate (PMA). Changes in cell structure were examined by electron microscopy, and surface receptor expression of β1- and β2-integrins was investigated by flow cytometry. Stimulus-dependent release of the granule proteins ECP and EPX was found to increase in apoptotic eosinophils, whereas surface expression of β1- and β2-integrins was downregulated. Ultrastructural examination revealed that the granules of apoptotic eosinophils were translocated to the periphery of the cell, just beneath the plasma membrane. Apoptotic eosinophils are able to release their toxic granule proteins, which is probably because of the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton and spontaneous translocation of granules to the membrane. Our results suggest that apoptotic eosinophils are potentially harmful cells that have retained their ability to react to certain extracellular stimuli. The findings point to unexpected consequences of eosinophil apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01300.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil chemotactic activity (ECA), neutrophil chemotactic activity (NCA) and tryptase in serum before and during bronchial challenge in cat-allergic children with asthma (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 3 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to study ECP, ECA, NCA and tryptase levels in serum in 18 cat-allergic children with asthma scrum samples were obtained before and during an allergen bronchial challenge. All children were on regular treatment with inhaled steroids (200-800 μg/day) and bronchodilators. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) was recorded twice daily for at least a week before the challenge. The baseline ECP levels were significantly higher in the children who had a baseline PEF 80-95% of pred. compared to those who had PEF 〉95% of pred. (mean 24. 3 μg/l and 14. 3 μg/l respectively, p 〈0.02). ECP in serum before the ehallenge correlated significantly to PEF in % of the expected optimal PEF obtained from the PEF curve (r= 0. 48, p 〈0.05). During the challenge ECA and NCA increased significantly from mean 96. 2% and 97. 9% to 122. 7% and 118. 7% (p 〈0.05 for both), while ECP did not change significantly, mean 20. 4 μg/l before and 17. 5 μg/l after the challenge. Tryptase levels in serum were not detectable (〈0. 5 ng/ml) before or during the asthmatic attack.We eoncludc that there are significantly raised ECP levels in serum in symptom-free asthmatic children on long-term treatment with topical steroids possibly indicating remaining airway inflammation. Acute asthma results in an increase of ECA and NCA while ECP levels seem to reflect the chronic rather than the acute phase of asthma in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1992.tb00039.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The eosinophil granulocyte in allergic inflammation (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 4 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1993.tb00334.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of allergen avoidance at high altitude on serum markers of eosinophil activation in children with allergic asthma (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A cohort of 12 asthmatic children was followed over several months, during which they moved back and forth from an allergen-free to an allergen-rich environment at high and low altitude, respectively. The children were treated with non-steroidal anti-asthmatic drugs as clinically needed. Histamine PC20-FEV1 was unaltered during the study period, whereas serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) showed significant changes when the children were exposed to the offending allergens. The total IgE significantly increased during exposure. The serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) as well as of chemotactic factors for both neutrophils and eosinophils were unaltered during allergen exposure. We conclude that the serum markers of eosinophil activity ECP and EPX are sensitive indices of allergen exposure in asthmatic atopic children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00294.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current understanding of the role of the eosinophil granulocyte in asthma (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01761.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nasal challenge shows pathogenetic relevance of specific IgE serum antibodies for nasal symptoms caused by hexahydrophthalic anhydride (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 24 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is a component of some epoxy resin systems, A high fraction of HHPA-exposed workers display nasal symptoms, and some of them have specific serum antibodies. To test the pathogenetic relevance of the antibodies, nasal challenge tests were performed with a conjugate of HHPA and human serum albumin (HSA) at three increasing concentrations. Eleven subjects, who were IgE-sensitized against HHPA (positive in RAST and in skin-prick test against the HHPA-HSA conjugate), and who reported work-related nasal symptoms, had a significant increase of nasal symptoms and a decrease of nasal inspiratory peak flow after the challenges. The symptoms were associated with specific serum IgE, but with IgG. Further, significant increases were found in eosinophil and neutrophil counts, and in levels of tryptase, and albumin, whereas no clear rise was recorded for eosinophil cationic protein in nasal lavage fluid. Nine subjects, who were not sensitized, but who complained of work-related nasal symptoms, and 11 subjects, who were not sensitized and had no symptoms, displayed no significant change in any of these parameters. It is concluded that the symptoms in some of the workers were caused by an IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation. followed by an inflammatory reaction, engaging eosinophil and neutrophil cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00932.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-2 inhibits eosinophil migration but is counteracted by IL-5 priming (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conflicting data on the role of interleukin-2 in the recruitment of eosinophil granulocytes (EOS) to sites of inflammation have been presented. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of recombinant human IL-2 and anti-IL-2 on the migration of purified blood EOS.Neutralizing antibodies to IL-2 were added to a cytokine mixture with significant eosinophil chemotactic activity (ECA), and afterwards the ECA was tested on EOS from both normal and allergic donors. EOS migration was measured by a modification of the Boyden technique, using a 48-well microchemotaxis chamber. Recombinant human IL-2 was either added to the lower compartment of the chemotaxis chamber, or to the EOS for a pre-incubation period of 20 min, before migration assays towards the chemotaxins were performed.Anti-IL-2 caused a significant increase of EOS migration towards the cytokine mixture. Pre-incubation of the EOS with rhIL-2 inhibited the chemotaxis towards RANTES, PAF, IL-8 and eotaxin, and EOS migration towards IL-2 was lower than that towards buffer. These effects were more pronounced on EOS from normal than from allergic donors. Priming of the EOS with IL-5 prevented the inhibitory effect of IL-2.We hypothesize that IL-2 acts as an autocrine regulator of EOS migration, and that this inhibitory effect may be downregulated in allergy, allowing an increased migration of EOS towards chemotactic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.00968.x
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