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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact dermatitis to safflower (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 17 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb02705.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cladophora Complex (Chlorophyta): New Views Based on 185 rRNA Gene Sequences
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 3 (1994), S. 365-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1055-7903
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1994.1043
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contamination of a well in a uniform background flow (1992)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 191-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Hydrodynamic dispersion ; Fokker-Planck equation ; backward equation ; boundary layer ; complex potential function ; fraction of contaminated particles that enter a well
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we describe the transport of pollution in groundwater in the neighbourhood of a well in a uniform background flow. We compute the rate at which contaminated particles reach the well as a function of the place of the source of pollution. The motion of a particle in a dispersive flow is seen as a random walk process. The Fokker-Planck equation for the random motion of a particle is transformed using the complex potential for the advective flow field. The resulting equation is solved asymptotically after a stretching transformation. Finally, the analytical solution is compared with results from Monte Carlo simulations with the random walk model. The method can be extended to arbitrary flow fields. Then by a numerical coordinate transformation the analytical results can still be employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581450
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A field study on the growth and development ofDumontia contorta (1988)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 42 (1988), S. 553-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Young, crustose plants ofDumontia contorta grown in the laboratory from carpospores were transferred in September 1983 to their natural habitat in Lake Grevelingen (SW Netherlands). The number of upright fronds per crust, length of upright fronds, and diameter of crusts were determined monthly until October 1984 and the presence of tetrasporangia was noted. Although fronds were initiated from crusts throughout the period of short daylengths (〈13 h light per day, i.e. from September to March), the majority of the fronds was initiated in October and November when short daylengths coincided with optimum temperatures for frond initiation (ca 10–20°C). By April, i.e. within 5–6 months, these plants had reached maximum sizes and had become fertile; subsequently, the plants decayed. The successively smaller numbers of fronds that were formed in December and January also reached maximum sizes after ca 5–6 months, i.e. by May and June, but these fronds remained much smaller than the fronds initiated in October–November, possibly because of lower temperatures and light levels at the start of their growth. It is suggested that the fronds have a fixed maturation period (ca 5–6 months) irrespective of their size and the moment of their initiation. Crusts were shown to “oversummer” and to produce new fronds at the onset of shortday conditions in September 1984.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02365626
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foreword (1984)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 38 (1984), S. 225-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997482
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal tolerance ofStypocaulon scoparium (Phaeophyta, Sphacelariales) from eastern and western shores of the North Atlantic Ocean (1989)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 43 (1989), S. 183-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Isolates ofStypocaulon scoparium Kütz. were collected from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada and compared in culture to isolates collected from the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Europe. The Canadian isolates grew at temperatures ranging from −2° C up to 22° C, with maximum rates of growth at 10–15° C; in trials lasting 3 months they survived the lowest temperatures but died at 22 or 25° C. In contrast, for the European isolates, maximum growth occurred between 10 and 27° C, and they died only after several months at 30 or 33° C. At the low end of the temperature range, European plants suffered damage or died at 5° C. Only the northernmost isolate, from Brittany, could both survive at 0° C and remain undamaged at 5° C in short days. All European isolates died at −2° C. Geographic distributions and the different thermal responses suggest that the eastern and western Atlantic populations are two different entities, the European plants being possibly of Tethyan origin, and the Canadian plants being possibly of north Pacific origin. The former would then have occupied the north Atlantic for thelongest time, which may partly explain the occurrence of ecotypic variation among these isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02367898
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The possible significance of long-range dispersal for the biogeography of seaweeds (1987)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 41 (1987), S. 261-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Indirect evidence of the existence of long-distance dispersal of seaweeds is provided by the fact that mid-oceanic islands of volcanic origin are inhabited by well-developed seaweed floras which could reach these islands only overseas from continental donor areas. For instance, the flora of Tristan da Cunha (S. Atlantic Ocean) was established by long-distance dispersal in less than 1 million years (the approximate age of the island); the seaweed flora of the Faeroes (N. Atlantic Ocean) could be constituted in less than 10,000 years (the end of the Pleistocene ice cover of these islands). There is no evidence for either supporting or discounting the possible role of planktonic stages of seaweeds (spores, propagules, zygotes) in the long-distance dispersal of seaweeds. There is, however, some evidence of long-distance dispersal as floating plants, or as plants attached to floating objects (including floating algae). There are a few examples of “artificial” long-range dispersal by man (possibly on ship hulls, oysters, in ballast water). Long-range dispersal of seaweeds does exist, but it is an exception rather than the rule. If it were the rule, the world’s seaweed floras would show similar latitudinal gradients in species composition in the oceans and on both hemispheres. This is, however, not the case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02366191
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Biogeography of marine benthic algae” (1988)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 42 (1988), S. 131-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02366039
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytogeographic distribution groups of benthic marine algae in the North Atlantic Ocean. A review of experimental evidence from life history studies (1982)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 35 (1982), S. 153-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Experimentally determined lethal temperatures and temperatures limiting growth or reproduction in the life histories of 15 benthic algal species were used to infer possible phytogeographic boundaries in the North Atlantic Ocean. These appeared to correspond closely with phytogeographic boundaries based on distribution data. Many boundaries appeared to be of a composite nature. For instance, the southern boundary ofNemalion helminthoides is interpreted as a “southern reproduction boundary” on the N. Atlantic E. shore and a “southern lethal boundary” on the N. Atlantic W. shore. The northern boundary on both sides of the ocean is a “northern reproduction boundary”.N. helminthoides is a typical representative of the “amphiatlantic temperate distribution group”, to which seven other of the fifteen investigated species belong (Chondrus crispus, Desmarestia aculeata, D. viridis, Monostroma grevillei, Acrosiphonia “arcta” with a comparable composite southern boundary;Rhodochorton purpureum with a “southern lethal boundary”).Polysiphonia ferulacea andDictyota dichotoma are treated as representatives of the “amphiatlantic tropical-to-warm-temperate distribution group”, andP. denudata as representative of the “amphiatlantic tropical-to-temperate group”.P. harveyi belongs to the N.E. American temperate group and is bounded by a “northern reproduction boundary” and a “southern reproduction boundary”. This is one of the very few species endemic to N.E. America. This poor endemism is ascribed to the vast adverse sediment shores and their additional acting as barriers to glacial northsouth displacements of the flora; it is not related to the wide annual temperature fluctuations (〉20 °C) typical for N.E. America. The temperate algal flora of Japan, however, which is extremely rich in endemic species is subject to equally wide annual temperature fluctuations.Bonnemaisonia hamifera is such a Japanese endemic, which has been accidentally introduced into the North Atlantic Ocean where its life history seems to be disrupted: it is maintained mainly by vegetative propagation of the heteromorphic tetrasporophyte. The species of the “warm temperate Mediterranean-Atlantic group” are probably too stenothermous for life on N.E. American shores; they need annual temperature fluctuations〈20 °C.Acrosymphyton purpuriferum seems to belong to this group, but arguments are presented to unite this species withA. caribaeum and to range it under the “amphiatlantic tropical-to-warm-temperate group”.Clathromorphum circumscriptum belongs to the “Arctic distribution group” and has a “southern reproduction boundary” across the ocean along the 3 °C February isotherm. This species is able to survive temperatures of about 20 °C. Five amphiequatorial temperate species discussed in this paper and four in another related paper have similar maximum winter temperatures of 14–17 °C (mean monthly values) allowing reproduction. Their amphiequatorial distribution can be explained by assuming similar low temperatures in the euphotic zone along E. Pacific and E. Atlantic equatorial coasts i.e. in narrow inshore belts of intensified upwelling during the presumably intensified glacial circulation of the ocean gyres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997551
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature responses of tropical to warm temperateCladophora species in relation to their distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean (1987)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 41 (1987), S. 329-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between distribution boundaries and temperature responses of some North AtlanticCladophora species (Chlorophyta) was experimentally examined under various regimes of temperature, light and daylength. Experimentally determined critical temperature intervals, in which survival, growth or reproduction was limited, were compared with annual temperature regimes (monthly means and extremes) at sites inside and outside distribution boundaries. The species tested belonged to two phytogeographic groups: (1) the tropical West Atlantic group (C. submarina: isolate from Curaçao) and (2) the amphiatlantic tropical to warm temperate group (C. prolifera: isolate from Corsica;C. coelothrix: isolates from Brittany and Curaçao; andC. laetevirens: isolates from deep and shallow water in Corsica and from Brittany). In accordance with distribution from tropical to warm temperate regions, each of the species grew well between 20–30°C and reproduction and growth were limited at and below 15°C. The upper survival limit in long days was 〈35°C in all species but high or maximum growth rates occurred at 30°C.C. prolifera, restricted to the tropical margins, had the most limited survival at 35°C. Experimental evidence suggests thatC. submarina is restricted to the Caribbean and excluded from the more northerly American mainland and Gulf of Mexico coasts by sporadic low winter temperatures in the nearshore waters, when cold northerly weather penetrates far south every few years. Experimental evidence suggests thatC. prolifera, C. coelothrix andC. laetevirens are restricted to their northern European boundaries by summer temperatures too low for sufficient growth and/or reproduction. Their progressively more northerly located boundaries were accounted for by differences in growth rates over the critical 10–15°C interval.C. prolifera andC. coelothrix are excluded or restricted in distribution on North Sea coasts by lethal winter temperatures, again differences in cold tolerance accounting for differences in their distribution patterns. On the American coast, species were probably restricted by lethal winter temperatures in the nearshore and, in some cases, by the absence of suitable hard substrates in the more equable offshore waters. Isolates from two points along the European coast (Brittany, Corsica) ofC. laetevirens showed no marked differences in their temperature tolerance but the Caribbean and European isolates ofC. coelothrix differed markedly in their tolerance to low temperatures, the lethal limit of the Caribbean isolate lying more than 5°C higher (at ca 5°C).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02366197
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