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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Self-field ac losses in biaxially aligned Y–Ba–Cu–O tape conductors (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2695-2697 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Self-field ac losses were measured by the conventional ac four-probe method in biaxially aligned Y–Ba–Cu–O tapes using polycrystalline Hastelloy tapes with textured yttria-stabilized-zirconia buffer layers. The ac losses increased in proportion to the fourth power of transport current in the high Jc sample, and agreed well with Norris' equation for thin strip conductors. However, the low Jc sample had rather higher losses than Norris' prediction, suggesting excessive magnetic flux penetration caused by percolated current paths. The results confirmed Norris' prediction of the low ac losses for thin strip conductors, and indicated the importance of removing percolated structures of current paths to avoid higher ac losses than the theoretical predictions based on uniform conductors. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120180
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of Al3Ti intermetallic compound on electromigration lifetime of Al alloy interconnections (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 742-750 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The dependence of the electromigration (EM) lifetime and the cross-sectional structure of interconnections after EM tests on linewidths was investigated in multi-level and single-level Al alloy interconnections consisting of a top–TiN/Ti/Al–0.5%Cu/TiN/Ti–bottom stack. In this study, an almost uniform Al3Ti intermetallic compound layer was formed by a well-known reaction between the Ti and Al. We found the following anomalous behavior: the mean time to failure (MTF) of EM in the multi-level interconnections with tungsten diffusion barriers decreased by increasing the linewidth. We also found that in the multi-level interconnections after EM tests, independent of linewidths, a local Al thickening formed near the anode end of the line and voids formed near the cathode end. On the other hand, in the single-level interconnections with bonding pads, the MTF of EM increased by increasing the linewidth and, after EM tests, a local Al thickening formed near the anode end even though no voids were observed near the cathode end. This directly opposed EM lifetime dependency on linewidth found in the multi-level and single-level interconnections and the observed Al thickening correlate closely with the fast diffusitivity of Al atoms at the interface between the Al3Ti and Al and/or between the Al3Ti and TiN. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368132
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Histochemical observations of lectin-binding in experimental carcinomas in mouse submandibular glands (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 13 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Peroxidase-conjugated lectins were used for the histochemical detection of carbohydrates in experimental carcinomas of mouse submandibular glands. Induced carcinomas, 43 lesions from 25 cases, were examined histoehemically with galactose-binding leetins (PNA and RCA-I), N-acetyl-galactosamine-binding leetins (DBA and SBA), a fucosc-binding lectin(UEA-l), and a N-acetyl-glucosamine-binding lectin (WGA). In non- or slightly keratinized squamous-cell carcinomas, the lectin binding of PNA, RCA-1, DBA, SBA. and WGA was weak in tumor epithelia, and UEA-1 binding was slight. In highly keratinized squamous-cell carcinomas, lectin binding was increased in tumor epithelia, but no reaction was noted in completely keratinized regions. Desquamated materials in lumens of tumors gave an intense stain with leetins. Stromal connective tissue, including collagen fibers and basement membranes stained intensely. Lectin binding to submandibular carcinomas was different from binding to granular convoluted tubules and the striated ducts of the normal submandibular gland.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1984.tb01460.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Histochemical demonstration of lectinbinding sites and keratin in inflamed human gingiva (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 20 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Histochemical demonstration of lectin-binding sites and keratin peptides in gingival epithelia was reported and differences in staining and distribution were compared to inner and outer gingival epithelia.Gingival epithelia on the outer side exhibited zonal or regional distributions of lectin-binding, and the cytochemical staining was generally found in the cell coat and intercellular materials. Keratin protein was found frequently in the spinous cell, infrequently in the basal cells, and not at all in the superficial layer. The sugar residues in the cell coat of gingival epithelia probably were mannose, galactose, N-acetyl-galactosamine, and N-acetyl-glucosamine.The inner side of the epithelia, crevicular, and pocket epithelia were characterized by irregular and incomplete staining for lectins. These epithelia also displayed less keratin staining compared to the outer gingival epithelia. These findings suggest the possibility of depolymerization of glycosaminoglycans in the cell coat by enzymes of either pocket bacterial origin or host tissue origin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1985.tb00847.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Histopathologic studies of DMBA-induced mouse submandibular-gland tumors with or without cryoprobe treatment (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 13 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Histopathologic observations of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced tumors in the mouse submandibular glands arc reported using cryoprobe treatment. The experimental animals were divided into 2 groups; one received a carcinogen injection into the normal submandibular gland, and the oilier was injected with DMBA on the Mill day following cryosurgery of the gland using a 60°C cryoprobe. Pathologic findings were classified as premalignant lesions or squamous-cell carcinomas with varying degrees of keratinization, fibrosarcoma and mixed carcinoma. There was also one case each of malignant pleomorphic adenoma and cystic adenoma. Tumor incidence was nearly the same in the 2 groups. Most of the carcinomas and sarcomas in the submandibular gland were induced during the 12th and 17th weeks. DMBA application during the proliferating stage which followed the cryosurgery did not enhance epithelial-tumor induction. During submandibular gland carcinogenesis, alterations in the granular convoluted tubule cells suggests they were the initial target cells undergoing malignant transformation. Squamous-cell carcinomas with varying degrees of keratinization were induced following squamous metaplasia in duct-like structures or multicystic lesions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1984.tb01442.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical localization of keratin in experimental carcinoma of the mouse submandibular gland (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 15 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: An immunohistochemical survey of the distribution of keratin was studied in chemically induced carcinomas of the submandibular glands of mice. Initial signs of premalignant changes were degranulation of granular convoluted tubule cells and deposition of keratin protein in small limited areas of the degranulated cells. There was a gradual increase in the area showing keratin staining in altered tubule cells. Duct-like and cystic structures stained intensely for keratin, as did squamous metaplastic epithelial cells. Induced carcinomas were variably keratinized. Basal layers of cells of squamous-cell carcinomas displayed weak keratin staining, and spinous tumor cells and parakeratotic tumor cells showed somewhat increased levels of keratin staining. Some desquamated keratotic tumor cells stained intensely for keratin. Just as the localization of epidermal and nerve growth factors and lectin-binding histochemistry have been used in studying tumorigenesis in the mouse submandibular gland, immunohistochemically detected keratin proved to be a useful marker of tumor cells of ductal segment origin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00556.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lectin-binding in premalignant lesions during submandibular gland carcinogenesis (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 13 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Complex carbohydrates in premalignant lesions of mouse submandibular gland tumors were examined by the lectin-peroxidase conjugate method. Peroxidase-conjugated lectins of PNA, RCA-1, DBA, SBA, UEA-1 and WGA were used to detect specific sugar residues of complex carbohydrates in premalignant lesions during experimental carcinogenesis. Marked reduction of PNA and SBA bindings occurred in duct-like structures and cystic lesions which were transformed from granular convoluted tubule cells. Premalignant lesions bound slightly to PNA, RCA-1, DBA, SBA and WGA and manifested increased UEA-1 binding. Squamous metaplastic epithelia of premalignant lesions manifested increased binding to PNA, RCA-1 and SBA as compared to those of duct-like structure and cystic epithelia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1984.tb01451.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Histochemical studies on Concanavalin A-binding in experimental carcinoma of the mouse submandibular gland (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 13 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The lectin, Concanavalin A(Con A) has been used to localize specific sugar residues (D-glucose, D-mannose and D-fructose) in premalignant lesions and squamous-cell carcinomas induced following cryosurgery of the mouse submandibular gland. The original Con A-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique as well as its combination with periodate oxidation and subsequent reduction by borohydrate were used to compare the epithelial elements during submandibular gland carcinogenesis. Granules in the granular convoluted tubule cells which were weakly reactive to the Con A-HRP method were not present in the premalignant duct like structures. The epithelium of premalignant lesions, duct-like structures, multicystic lesions, and squamous-cell carcinomas were positive for the cell-surface and intercellular substances; and basement membranes and stromal fibers were also positive. The results indicated that throughout malignant transformation of the ductal segments, premalignant epithelia lost Con A-HRP-staining granules and that Con A-binding patterns in induced squamous-cell carcinomas were similar to those found in squamous-cell epithelium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1984.tb01443.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Post-mortem changes of connectin in chicken skeletal muscle
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Meat Science 15 (1985), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-1740
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(85)90048-8
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hydrothermal growth of gem stones and their characterization
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials 21 (1991), S. 71-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0960-8974
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0960-8974(91)90008-Z
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