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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 20 (1989), S. 199-223 
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 35 (1965), S. 72-79 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary 1. Gibberellic acid caused a considerable decrease of fertility and some other morphological anomalies in barley plants. The present investigations were carried out to prove whether there is a special sensitive phase for these reactions in plant development. 2. By time-gradual application (spraying daily with GA3, 100 ppm) we observed in all varieties tested — Haisa, mutant MS 1196, mutant MS 733 —a sensitive period around the 30th day after beginning the experiments (two-leaves stage). None of the other application variants showed similar effects (Figs. 1–7). 3. Cytological investigations have proved that GA has no influence on chromosomes and meiosis. There is, however, a marked effect on pollen formation when application is carried out during the sensitive period (Figs. 8–11). Several degrees of pollen degeneration were found which lead to sterility. Femal gametes seem not to be affected. 4. It is discussed whether the characters mentioned above are directly or indirectly effected by GA and whether GA can be used as a possible gametocide in barley breeding. Some remarks are given on the problems which are concerned with the species or varietal specificity of the sterility effect caused by GA.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 721-734 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear cytology ; C-banding ; Chromosome nomenclature ; Gene localization ; Trisomies ; Rye
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Progress in rye karyology is reviewed with respect to chromosome structure, recognition and chromosome nomenclature. Considerable contributions have been brought about by molecular techniques which have even revealed nucleotide sequences of some of the ribosomal DNA. DNA sequence organization correlates with the distribution of major Giemsa C-band regions as well as with N-bands and the binding sites of fluorescent dyes. The several banding patterns permit the classification of rye chromosomes. The increased data and widespread application of banding analysis require a consistent system of chromosome and/or band designation. Therefore, a standard band nomenclature is proposed with reference to the recommendations of the “Paris Conference on Standardization in Human Cytogenetics”. In addition, advances in genetics are summarized and discussed. Based on the original accepted standard karyogram and banding patterns of the rye chromosomes, meanwhile, 120 genes determining several characters have been associated with individual chromosomes and/or chromosome arms, including linkage studies for about 19 arrangements. Most results were obtained using wheat-rye addition lines as well as test crosses with defined translocations. Moreover, genetical studies based on appropriate trisomic and telotrisomic material resulted in the localization of 19 genes, including their linkage relationships.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 36 (1966), S. 98-103 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. An einem etwa 25 Jahre lang bearbeiteten, im Jahre 1938 von Freisleben durch Hitzeschock induzierten tetraploiden Gerstenmaterial wurden Untersuchungen über das Ausmaß, die Variabilität und die Weitergabe von aneuploiden Typen durchgeführt. 2. Die Aneuploidenfrequenz variierte in drei Versuchsjahren nur geringfügig und hatte bei unserem relativ alten Zuchtmaterial mit etwa 40–45% das gleiche Ausmaß, welches auch für jüngere Generationen anderer Herkunft festgestellt worden ist. 3. Zwischen der Einzelährenfertilität und der Aneuploidenhäufigkeit in der Nachkommenschaft besteht keine Korrelation. Die interindividuelle Variabilität der Aneuploidenfrequenz (ermittelt an 54 Ährennachkommenschaften) reichte von 6 bis 73%. 4. Nachkommenschaftsprüfungen an 28chromosomigen Pflanzen aus Ausgangsähren mit unterschiedlich hoher Aneuploidenhäufigkeit zeigten bisher keinen spezifischen Übertragungsmodus, so daß die Selektion erfolglos blieb. 5. Die Möglichkeiten zur Verringerung des Anteils der sich negativ auf den Ertrag auswirkenden aneuploiden Pflanzen durch Siebfraktionierung der Saatware oder über eine cytologische Selektion auf geringe Aneuploidenfrequenz werden diskutiert.
    Notizen: Summary 1. Incidence, variability and transmission of aneuploidy were investigated. The material used was the 25th generation of barley in which Freisleben, in 1938, had induced tetraploidy by Randolph's method. 2. There was only little variability in the frequency of aneuploids over a period of three years. Our relatively old material showed about the same amount of aberration (40–45%) as was found by other workers in younger 4 x-barley generations. 3. No correlation was observed between ear fertility and frequency of aneuploidy in the progeny. The known tendency of increasing aneuploidy with decreasing kernel weight was confirmed by our results (table 5). The interindividual variability of aneuploidy frequency (measured on 54 spike descendants) ranged from 6 to 73% (table 2). 4. Progeny tests on euploid plants derived from spikes with different aneuploidy frequencies showed no specific mode of transmission (table 3), and efforts to select have remained unsuccessful. 5. The high percentage of aneuploid seeds is, in our opinion, responsible for the low productivity of tetraploid barley. The discussion is concerned with problems regarding the reduction of these types by screening out small seeds or by means of cytological selection for low aneuploidy frequency.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Aegilops spp. ; alien introgression ; aneuploidy ; cytogenetics ; history ; Plant Breeding Institute of the University Halle ; Secale cereale ; Triticum aestivum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The historical development of cytogenetic research in cereals performed at the Plant Breeding Institute of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg from its beginning in 1935 until 1992 is reviewed with special reference to polyploidy, alien introgression and aneuploidy. Th. Roemer founded 1935 in the framework of his Institute a Department of Mutation Research which, in 1937, was extended to a Department of Cytogenetics with R. Freisleben as the first head. Research highlights of this period were the introduction of mutation breeding, the development of autotetraploids in barley and linseed, the discovery of the crossability genes in wheat and the performance of wheat-rye crosses. The main objective in the period between 1950–1960 was the analysis of the relationships between chromosome behaviour and seed set in tetraploid rye and octoploid triticale. Since 1961 the Cytogenetics Research Group was headed by D. Mettin; he was followed by W.D. Blüthner in 1983. The research activities in this period concerning aneuploidy in rye and wheat and alien introgression are being reviewed under the following headings: Cytogenetics of rye; work with wheat aneuploids; contributions to the IR introgression into wheat; alien introgressions into wheat to improve disease resistance and grain quality; the exploitation of molecular markers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 38 (1990), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 6 (1958), S. 116-122 
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Wegen einander widersprechender Literaturangaben wurde die Morphologie der mitotischen Chromosomen vonVicia sativa L. (2n=12) überprüft und die Symbolisierung der Chromosomen den Vorschlägen für eine internationale Regelung von Nomenklaturfragen angepaßt. Danach besteht der haploide Chromosomensatz aus einem Chromosom mit submedianer (III) und fünf Chromosomen mit subterminaler Insertion des Centromers. I und IV sind SAT-Chromosomen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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