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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rhinovirus-induced alterations on peripheral blood mononuclear cell phenotype and costimulatory molecule expression in normal and atopic asthmatic subjects (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background Rhinovirus (RV) infection is the commonest trigger of acute asthma exacerbations; however, the immune response to these viruses and any potential implications in the mechanisms leading to asthma exacerbations are not well understood.Objective To assess the effects of in vitro RV infection on the phenotype and expression of costimulatory molecules on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from normal and atopic asthmatic subjects, as a model for RV antigen presentation.Methods PBMC from seven normal and seven asthmatic subjects were exposed to one infectious unit/cell of RV16 for 48 h. Surface expression of CD25, CD28, CD40, CD54, CD80, CD86 and CTLA-4 was evaluated on CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14 and CD19 PBMC subpopulations by three-colour flow cytometry.Results No changes in the percentage of CD3, CD4, CD8 or CD19 were observed. CD14 was significantly reduced by the infection and this was more pronounced in normal subjects. On Th cells CTLA-4 was increased after RV infection only in the asthmatic group. Levels of CD80 and CD86 in the control cultures were lower in the asthmatic group. RV infection induced a significant increase of CD80 on monocytes and of CD86 on B cells, which occurred in both groups but were less marked in atopic asthmatic subjects.Conclusion Exposure of PBMC to RV is able to activate the antigen presentation machinery. Differences between normal and atopic asthmatic individuals are compatible with the hypothesis that an aberrant immune response to RV may be involved in the development of acute exacerbations in atopic asthmatic subjects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0954-7894.2002.01313.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rhinovirus infection up-regulates eotaxin and eotaxin-2 expression in bronchial epithelial cells (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background Human rhinoviruses (RVs) are the most common precipitants of asthma exacerbations. RV infection of bronchial epithelium results in local airway inflammation inducing eosinophil recruitment and activation. Induction of eosinophil chemoattractants could represent a central mechanism, as well as a prime target for intervention.Objective To assess the effect of RV infection on mRNA expression and production of eosinophil chemoattractants by bronchial epithelial cells in-vitro.Methods BEAS-2B cells were infected with major and minor RVs and the mRNA expression of IL-8, RANTES, MIP-1α, eotaxin, eotaxin-2, MCP-2, MCP-3 and MCP-4 was assessed by reverse transcription PCR. In cases where mRNA induction was observed, a fluoroimmunoassay was used to confirm protein production. To assess the virus-specificity of the observed reactions, cells were also exposed to inactivated RVs.Results RV infection was able to up-regulate mRNA expression of IL-8, RANTES, MIP-1α, eotaxin and eotaxin-2, did not affect MCP-4, while MCP-2 and MCP-3 were not expressed either at baseline or after virus infection. Protein production was confirmed for IL-8, RANTES and eotaxin, but not for MIP-1α. When RVs were inactivated cytokine up-regulation was almost completely lost.Conclusion Infection of bronchial epithelial cells with RVs results in the production of a wide array of mediators that are able to chemoattract eosinophils. These include the eosinophil-specific molecules eotaxin and eotaxin-2, in addition to IL-8 and RANTES, which are the most abundant. Eosinophil recruitment after RV infection of bronchial epithelium could represent a central event in the pathogenesis of virus-induced asthma exacerbations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01112.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe – a survey from the GA2LEN network (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Skin prick testing (SPT) is the standard method for diagnosing allergic sensitization but is to some extent performed differently in clinical centres across Europe. There would be advantages in harmonizing the standard panels of allergens used in different European countries, both for clinical purposes and for research, especially with increasing mobility within Europe and current trends in botany and agriculture. As well as improving diagnostic accuracy, this would allow better comparison of research findings in European allergy centres. We have compared the different SPT procedures operating in 29 allergy centres within the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN). Standard SPT is performed similarly in all centres, e.g. using commercial extracts, evaluation after 15–20 min exposure with positive results defined as a wheal 〉3 mm diameter. The perennial allergens included in the standard SPT panel of inhalant allergens are largely similar (e.g. cat: pricked in all centres; dog: 26 of 29 centres and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus: 28 of 29 centres) but the choice of pollen allergens vary considerably, reflecting different exposure and sensitization rates for regional inhalant allergens. This overview may serve as reference for the practising doctor and suggests a GA2LEN Pan-European core SPT panel.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00895.x
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Tom Regan, "Just Business: New Introductory Essays in Business Ethics" (Book Review) (1986)
    Dordrecht : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Business Ethics. 5:2 (1986:Apr.) 118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-4544
    Thema: Philosophie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Review
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:m089-1986-005-02-000009
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neutrophil functions in patients with fractures of the upper end of the femur (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 52 (1993), S. 415-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Neutrophils ; Peritrochanteric fractures ; Host defense ; Orthopedic surgery
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary In the present study, neutrophil functions were examinedin vitro in 40 patients suffering from fractures of the upper end of the femur (trochanteric and subcapital). Adherence to nylon, serum chemotaxis, and phagocytosis-bactericidal function were assayed. Three microbial strains, namely,Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, andPseudomonas aeruginosa, were used for the experiments. Adherence of the patients' neutrophils was found normal. On the contrary, the chemotactic ability of the patients' sera was inferior to that of healthy controls; phagocytosis and bactericidal function were also significantly impaired for all three bacterial strains. The results were independent of fracture site (intracapsular or extracapsular), sex, and age. The observed host defense disorders provide additional information that helps to explain the increased susceptibility of these patients to bacterial infections.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571328
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlation of interleukin-6 serum levels with bone density in postmenopausal women (1997)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 16 (1997), S. 162-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Schlagwort(e): Bone Density ; Bone Markers ; Osteoporosis ; Cytokines ; Interleukin-6
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In order to identify possible correlations between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hormonal and biochemical parameters of bone metabolism, or bone density, 24 postmenopausal women were studied. Serum IL-6, estradiol, calcium, phosphorus, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, the urinary secretion of calcium, phosphoru and hydroxyproline, and bone density of the lumbar spine, femur and radius were measured. No significant correlation was found between IL-6 and the biochemical parameters. A negative correlation was found between IL-6 and serum estradiol, as well as between IL-6 and bone density in 5 out of 6 sites studied. It is possible that women with high IL-6 levels, may develop lower bone mass.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247845
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Review (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of business ethics 5 (1986), S. 118-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0697
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Philosophie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00382752
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