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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopaminergic Regulation of Enkephalin Release (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 56 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The effects of dopamine receptor stimulation on enkephalin release were evaluated in vitro and in vivo by measuring the changes in the levels of [Met5]enkephalin (YGGFM) and Tyr-Gly-Gly (YGG), a characteristic extracellular enkephalin metabolite produced under the action of enkephalinase. In rat striatal slices, D1-receptor agonists or antagonists did not modify enkephalin release. By contrast, D2-receptor agonists enhanced the potassium-induced release of YGGFM and YGG without affecting spontaneous release from nondepolarized slices. This response was prevented by the D2-receptor antagonists haloperidol and RIV 2093, the latter compound being more potent, which suggested the involvement of a putative D2-receptor subtype. Acute administration of apomorphine or selective D2-receptor agonists, but not that of a D1-receptor agonist, enhanced the steady-state level of YGG without affecting the YGGFM level in rat striatum. The effect was blocked selectively by D2-receptor antagonists which, administered alone, had no effect. These observations indicate that D2-receptor stimulation in vitro or in vivo facilitates enkephalin release from striatal neurons, but that endogenous dopamine does not exert any tonic influence upon the opioid peptide neuron activity under basal conditions. However, chronic administration of haloperidol resulted in increases in striatal YGGFM and YGG, an effect presumably reflecting a long-term adaptive process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb11434.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species composition of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) mixtures using various combinations of n-alkanes (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00495.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF METHIONINE-AND LEUCINE-ENKEPHALINS IN REGIONS OF RAT BRAIN AND COMPARISON WITH ENDORPHINS ESTIMATED BY A RADIORECEPTOR ASSAY (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 31 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Radioimmunoassays (RIAs) selective for methionine-enkephalin (Met-ENK) and leucineenkephalin (Leu-ENK) have been developed using competition towards binding of 10 pM 125I-enkephalins to antibodies raised in rabbits against ENKs coupled to ovalbumin with carbodiimide. The high sensitivity of the RIAs (IC50 0.57 nm and 0.55 nm for Met- and Leu-ENK, respectively) allowed estimation of the enkephalin content in extracts of all rat brain regions. Regional levels are compared with those determined on the same extracts by a radioreceptor assay (RRA) using competition towards binding of 5 nm [3H]Leu-ENK to rat striatal membranes. Optimal conditions for killing the animals and extracting the endorphins have been carefully investigated: killing by rapid microwave irradiation was not found necessary as long as brain regions were homogenized into 0.1 n-HCl before deproteinization.Marked differences both in total endorphins (RRA) and ENKs (RIA) between regions are observed with similar ranking of the various regions: highest levels are found in striatum and hypothalamus and lowest in cerebellum and hippocampus. In each region the total ENK levels (RIA) represent only 2–13% of the total endorphins (RRA) suggesting the presence of large amounts of endorphins other than the ENKs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb12429.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computer program based on parallel line assay for analysis of skin tests (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A computer program for the analysis of differences or changes in skin sensitivity has been developed. It is based on parallel line assay, and its main features are its ability to conduct a validation process which ensures that the data from skin tests conform to the conditions imposed by the analysis which is carried out (regression, parallelism, etc.), the estimation of the difference or change in skin sensitivity, and the determination of the 95% and 99% confidence intervals of this estimation. This program is capable of managing data from independent groups, as well as paired data, and it may be applied to the comparison of allergen extracts, with the aim of determining their biologic activity, as well as to the analysis of changes in skin sensitivity appearing as a consequence of treatment such as immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02552.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NECROLISIS EPIDERMICA TOXICA (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 3 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1964.tb06095.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    6-Hydroxydopamine Lesions of the Locus Coeruleus Induce a Paradoxical Increase in Growth Hormone Secretion in Male Rats (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 4 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: While the pharmacology of noradrenaline effects on growth hormone (GH) secretion has been extensively studied, the precise localization of noradrenergic neurons involved remains unclear. In the present work, we investigated whether A6 noradrenergic neurons located in the locus coeruleus can play a role in the rhythmic pattern of GH secretion or in the sensitivity of the hormone response to different external challenges. Three weeks after bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine injections (8μg/3μl) into the locus coeruleus, hypothalamic noradrenaline concentrations were reduced by 60%. Pulsatile GH secretory patterns were observed in unanaesthetized, freely moving control, sham-operated or locus coeruleus-lesioned male rats. The amplitude of the pulses and the area under the curves during the 6- or 12-h sampling period were twice as high in locus coeruleus-lesioned than in control and sham-operated rats. In contrast, trough levels of GH and intervals between GH peaks were similar in all groups. Prolactin, adrenocorticotrophin, thyroid-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone plasma levels were not affected by the lesion. GH responses to two centrally acting drugs i.e. clonidine (2.5, 5 and 10μg/100g body wt) and morphine (200μg/100g body wt) were also highly amplified in locus coeruleus-lesioned rats. In contrast, GH responses to two peptides directly acting on somatotrophs i.e. GH-releasing factor (0.05 and 1.25μg/100g body wt) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (1.5μg/100g body wt) were the same in sham-operated and lesioned animals.These data suggest that noradrenergic inputs from the locus coeruleus exert a selective inhibitory influence on GH secretion through centrally mediated mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1992.tb00338.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enkephalinergic Markers in Substantia Nigra and Caudate Nucleus from Parkinsonian Subjects (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 43 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Marked reductions in opiate receptor binding (−42%), “enkephalinase” activity (−39%), and Met5-enkephalin levels (−72%) accompanied the well-established dopamine depletion in the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinsonian subjects. In contrast, enkephalinergic markers were not significantly modified in caudate nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12812.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species composition of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) mixtures using various combinations of n-alkanes (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability of the n-alkane technique for estimating the species composition of Lolium perenne (ryegrass, L) and Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue, F) mixtures. Samples of L and F were collected in May (period 1) and June 2003 (period 2) on mono-specific swards that were maintained at a height of 9 cm. Seven sets of mixtures containing controlled proportions of L and F were then prepared: 1·00:0, 0·80:0·20, 0·60:0·40, 0·50:0·50, 0·40:0·60, 0·20:0·80 and 0:1·00 of L:F, respectively, in the mixture. The proportion of each species in the mixtures was estimated from measured n-alkane concentrations, and then compared with the actual known proportion. Various n-alkane combinations were tested and compared to establish which combination gave the best estimate. Total n-alkane concentrations, and especially C29- and C31-alkane concentrations, were higher in period 1 than in period 2 for both species. The best n-alkane combination varied between periods, as did the effectiveness of C29-alkane in discriminating between L and F. The species composition of the mixtures was satisfactorily estimated for the majority of n-alkane combinations, providing the combination included n-alkanes with contrasting profiles between both species. A systematic overestimation of the proportion of ryegrass was observed for the 0·50:0·50 mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00473.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MATHEMATICAL MODEL to PREDICT EFFECT of TEMPERATURE ABUSE IN MAP SYSTEMS APPLIED to PACIFIC HAKE (MERLUCCIUS AUSTRALIS) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes the development of a mathematical model to predict consequences of temperature abuse on shelf-life of Pacific Hake packed in modified atmosphere. the model includes simultaneous heat and mass transfer phenomena coupled with a predictive shelf-life model for packed fish. the model was solved using an explicit finite difference scheme. the simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental results. the model predicted temperature, gas concentration and relative humidity within 〈 0.6[°C], 〈 1.43% and 3%, respectively. Shelf-life model predicts that, even if the fraction of the total storage time at an abusive temperature is small (4.3%), the reduction in shelf-life can be significant (25%). the predicted shelf-life without temperature abuse is consistent with literature results. Optimum MAP systems must reach pseudoequilibrium headspace gas composition which maximize the shelf-life of food considering possible environmental temperature abuses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.2003.tb00610.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy with standardized extract of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in bronchial asthma: a dose-titration study (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: According to the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) achieved, we assessed the changes in clinical and laboratory parameters, induced by specific immunotherapy (SIT), in a group of 43 asthmatic patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, over a period of 18 months. A standardized extract (100 Bu/ml; 40 μg/ml of Der p 1; 20 μg/ml of Der p 2) was used. The patients were divided into two groups: the high-dose immunotherapy (HDI) group (MTD ≥ 4 μg Der p 1) and the conventional immunotherapy (CI) group (MTD 〈4 μg Der p 1). Changes in clinical severity index, medication, and symptom scores; in cutaneous and conjunctival reactivity; and in the levels of specific IgE, IgG, IgGl, and IgG4 to D. pteronyssinus (Der p 1 and Der p 2) were measured (ELISA monoclonal antibodies). Safety was monitored according to the EAACI guidelines. The range of the MTD was 0.8-16 μg of Der p 1. Ninety percent of the patients tolerated a dose of 3.2 μg, but only 18% of the patients reached a maintenance dose of 16 μg. The medians of the accumulated dose were 197 μg of Der p 1 for the HDI group, and 50 μg for the CI group. Conjunctival and cutaneous reactivity was significantly lowered (P〈0.001) after SIT, as were the clinical severity score and medication score in both groups, without significant differences between the groups, except for cutaneous reactivity. Levels of specific IgE decreased significantly (P〈0.01) in both groups, again without significant differences between the groups. The range of the increase in medians of specific IgG, IgGl, and IgG4 was 4.4-120-fold for the HDI group and 3-24-fold for the CI group (P〈0.01). The increase in the levels of Der p 1 and Der p 2 IgG4 were correlated to the changes in cutaneous and conjunctival reactivity (P〈0.01). These results show that a maintenance dose of 3.2 μg Der p 1 (8 BU) can induce pronounced clinical and immunologic changes with an excellent safety profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb00971.x
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