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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 40 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The prevalence of peripheral blood B cells secreting antibodies reacting with the F(ab')2 fragment of monoclonal IgG was studied in five patients with multiple myeloma (MM), nine patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and six healthy controls. An enzyme-linked immunospot assay allowed direct visualization of antibody producing B cells. All patients had B cells producing antibodies to autologous or ailogeneic monoclonal IgG. Autoreactive cells were found more frequently than alloreactive cells in seven out of nine patients with MGUS and three out of four patients with MM. The same frequency of alloreactive cells in the patient groups was detected in healthy individuals. These findings show the existence of B cells producing anti-idiotypic antibodies which could be a part of an idiotypic network in monoclonal gammopathies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by purified autologous and/or allogeneic monoclonal IgG was studied in five patients with multiple myeloma (MM), nine patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and six healthy individuals.Single cells secreting IFN-γ or IL-2 were identified using an enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Patients' cells were preferentially stimulated by autologous monoclonal IgG at low concentrations (1–100 pg/ml). while l00 ng/ml or higher stimulated T cells both from patients and, to a lesser degree, healthy individuals. This biphasic dose-response of T-cell stimulation by autologous monoclonal IgG was reproduced in all patients. The numbers of cells secreting IFN-γ and IL-2 in response to allogeneic IgG were significantly lower than the numbers obtained using autologous IgG in patients with MM and MGUS. Cells from healthy individuals were stimulated by allogeneic monoclonal IgG, but to a lesser extent.The results of this study support the presence of idiotype-reactive T cells in patients with MM and MGUS and also may suggest a general but less pronounced T-cell reactivity to monoclonal IgG among these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 54 (1987), S. 73-78 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Aplastic anemia ; Cyclosporine A ; T lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cyclosporine A (CyA) treatment of 4 patients with severe aplastic anemia, who were ineligible for bone marrow transplantation, was carried out for periods of between 12 weeks to 20 months. A normalization of Hb and bone marrow, together with a marked improvement in WBC and platelet counts, were observed in only one of these four patients. The remission was maintained for 20 months under continuous treatment. A relapse occurred only when the patient himself interrupted treatment. No serious side effects were observed with CyA doses of 4–10 mg/kg/daily and blood concentrations of 200–400 ng/ml. No significant changes in T helper/T suppressor ratios were noted during the course of CyA treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Peripheral neuropathy ; Monoclonal gammopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Vorkommen peripherer Neuropathien bei Myelomen und Makroglobulinämien ist wohl bekannt. Die Pathogenese allerdings ist noch unklar. In den letzten Jahren wurde über einen möglichen kausalen Zusammenhang zwischen Polyneuropathien und den gutartigen Formen von monoklonalen oder oligoklonalen Gammopathien berichtet. Moderne immunologische Methoden ergaben Anhaltspunkte für eine Antikörperproduktion gegen peripheres Nervengewebe, wahrscheinlich gegen Myelinstrukturen. Der vorliegende Bericht bezieht sich auf 21 nicht selektionierte Patienten mit gutartiger monoklonaler Gammopathie, die wir in der hämatologischen Abteilung beobachten konnten. Die Patienten wurden klinisch und labormäßig untersucht, wobei auch elektrophysiologische Untersuchungen und eine Analyse der M-Komponenten durchgeführt wurde. Von den 21 Patienten hatten fünf leichte polyneuropathische Symptome ihrer Extremitäten bemerkt. Bei fünf waren sowohl die klinischen wie elektrophysiologischen Befunde mit einer Neuropathie vereinbar; sechs hatten lediglich positive klinische Zeichen einer Neuropathie, und vier weitere hatten entweder ein positives Elektromyogramm oder eine positive Elektroneurographie. Zusammenfassend hatten also 15 von 21 Patienten mindestens einen Hinweis auf eine periphere Neuropathie. Trotz der begrenzten Zahl von Patienten ist diese erstaunlich große Häufigkeit neuropathischer Syndrome durchaus vergleichbar mit anderen kürzlichen Untersuchungen. Hämatologische Untersuchungen ergaben keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen der Patientengruppe mit und jener ohne neurologische Befunde. Unsere Untersuchungsergebnisse sprechen dafür, daß auch gutartige Gammopathien mit einer peripheren Neuropathie einhergehen können.
    Notes: Summary It is well known that peripheral neuropathy ocurs in patients with myeloma or macroglobulinaemia, but its pathogenesis is still obscure. In recent years, neuropathy has also been reported in association with benign monoclonal or oligoclonal gammopathy. Modern histo-immunological methods have revealed evidence of antibody production to peripheral nerve tissue, probably the myelin sheath. The present study included 21 unselected, consecutive patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy observed in the Division of Haematology. Clinical and laboratory investigations included electrophysiological examination and analyses of the M components. Of the 21 patients 11 had noticed slight neuropathic symptoms in their extremities; in 5 both clinical and electrophysiological findings were compatible with neuropathy; 6 showed positive clinical signs of neuropathy; 4 had either positive electromyographic or electroneurographic findings. In summary, 15 of 21 patients had some signs of peripheral neuropathy. In spite of the screening design of the study, this strikingly high frequency is comparable with other recent reports. Haematological studies did not reveal any significant differences between the patient groups with positive or negative neurological findings. The findings indicate that even benign gammopathies may be associated with peripheral neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; CHOP ; etoposide ; high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ; risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Second- and third-generation chemotherapy protocols for the treatment of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) have considerable, and age-related, toxic effects. In addition, they do not seem to prolong overall survival in comparison to standard CHOP chemotherapy. In this phase II study we investigated the feasibility and efficacy of the addition of etoposide to the conventional CHOP regimen. Patients and methods: Toxicity and clinical efficacy were determined in 132 patients with previously untreated high-grade NHL. There were 51 patients in clinical stage I and II and 81 patients in stage III and IV, with a median age of 54 years (range 17–85). Patients received standard-dose CHOP plus etoposide 100 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 and 200 mg/m2 p.o. on days 2–3. Results: The overall response rate was 84%, with 70% complete and 14% partial responses. The predicted three- and five-year survivals for the group as a whole were 60% and 53%, respectively, and the corresponding disease-free survivals for patients achieving complete remissions were 65% and 56%, respectively. Outcome was not different from that of CHOP-treated patients in a recently completed Nordic study performed during the same time period. Myelosuppression (WHO grade 3–4), observed in 87% of patients and infectious complications (WHO grade 3–4) in 33%, dominated the toxicity profile of this regimen. Fifty-seven of 92 complete responders (62%) received 6–8 CHOP-E cycles with no reductions in planned dose intensity. LDH level higher than normal, extranodal sites = 2, stage III–IV at diagnosis were all indicators of a poor survival. Conclusions: We conclude that CHOP-E treatment is effective in high-grade NHL. However, mainly due to severe myelosuppression frequent schedule modifications were required and the results are not obviously superior to those of conventional CHOP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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