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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Glycogen ; UDP G-G Glucosyltransferase ; Glycogen Phosphorylase ; Cerebral Ischemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of UDPglucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase and of glycogen phosphorylase in the brain of rats subjected to experimental ischemia was in vestigated. A transient increase in UDPglucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase activity was noted in the period between the 12th and 48th h after the operation. The enzyme level returned to its initial value after 72 h of ischemia. Glycogen phosphorylase activity was studied in preparations with and without 5′ AMP added. The enzyme activity increased from the 12th to the 72nd h of the experiment and returned to normal after 120 h in the brain of rats with ligated arteries, and also in the control group subjected to sham operation. In normal rats and those anaesthetised only, no changes were found in brain glycogen phosphorylase activity. The enhanced UDPglucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase activity may be responsible for the glycogen deposition in rat brain in experimental ischemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Carbon monoxide intoxication ; Brain ; Glycogen ; UDPG-G glucosyltransferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The glycogen content and its topography and the activity of UDPglucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase in the brain of rats after CO intoxication were investigated. A transient increase in glycogen content and in the enzyme activity was noticed. The highest level of glycogen was observed after 4h and the most significant increase of the enzyme activity after 2h, returning to normal values after 120 h. In the histochemical studies glycogen was deposited in the perivascular astrocytes, in their cytoplasm and astrocytic processes. These changes were localized in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex and in the grey formations of brain stem and were expressed mostly after 4, 6 and 12 h following CO intoxication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain Hypoxia ; Neuronal Protein Synthesis ; Glial Protein Synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The dynamics of changes in thein vivo amino acid incorporation into proteins of the neuron and glia cell enriched fractions of rat brain following application of a number of hypoxic conditions were investigated. The experimental models included: a) simple hypoxia, b) ischemic-hypoxic hypoxia and c) carbon monoxide intoxication. Irrespective of the experimental model used, neuronal protein synthesis was more markedly inhibited than glial, maximal inhibition being observed 2 hrs after cessation of the experimental procedure. The changes were of transient character, whereby 24 hrs after the experiment the glial synthesis appeared activated above the control value. The higher sensitivity of the neuronal protein synthesis to the applied experimental procedures produced more significant changes of the protein/total radioactivity ratio in neurons than in glia, the ratio expressing the extent of radioactive amino acid utilisation in the synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Wilson's Disease ; Hepatogenic Encephalopathy ; Alzheimer's Cells Type I and II ; Opalski Cells ; Tissue Culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Absicht der Experimente war es, in Gliagewebskulturen die für die Wilsonsche Krankheit und für die hepathogene Encephalopathie typischen Veränderungen zu erzeugen. Die Experimente wurden an Kleinhirnzellkulturen von neugeborenen Ratten durchgeführt. Das Standardmedium wurde ergänzt mit: 1. Serum von Patienten mit Wilsonscher Krankheit, 2. Serum von Patienten mit Leberkoma, 3. Kupferacetat, 4. Ammoniumchlorid. In allen Versuchsgruppen wurden typische morphologische Veränderungen an den Gliazellen beobachtet. Diese nahmen die Form von Alzheimer-Zellen des Typs I und II, Opalski-Zellen und intermediären Zellen an. Histochemische Abweichungen zeigten sich in Form von Anhäufung neutraler und saurer Mucopolysaccharide im Cytoplasma der Opalski-und Intermediärzellen mit einem begleitenden Abfall der SDH-und GDH-Aktivität sowie ein einer Zunahme der G6PDH und sauren Phosphatase-Aktivität. Der mögliche pathogenetische Mechanismus dieser Veränderungen wird diskutiert. Die Autoren vermuten, daß sowohl Kupfer als auch Ammoniak eine Schädigung der intracellulären Enzymketten des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels bewirken. Diese Schädigung führt zu einer Anhäufung von Mucopolysacchariden in den Gliazellen.
    Notes: Summary The object of the experiments was to obtain changes typical for Wilson's disease and hepatogenic encephalopathy in glial tissue cultures. The experiments were carried out on newborn rat cerebellum tissue cultures. The standard medium was supplemented with: 1. Serum from patients with Wilson's disease, 2. serum from patients with hepatic coma, 3. copper acetate, 4. ammonium chloride. In all experimental groups typical morphological changes of glial cells were observed. These took the form of Alzheimer cells type I and II, Opalski cells, and intermediate cells. Histochemical abnormalities appeared in the form of an accumulation of neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides in the cytoplasm of Opalski and intermediate cells, with an accompanying decrease of SDH and GDH activity, and an increase in G-6PDH and acid phosphatase activity. The possible pathogenic mechanism of the above changes is discussed. The authors suggest both copper and ammonia cause damage in the intracellular enzymatic chains involved in carbohydrate metabolism. This damage leads to an accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the glial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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