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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue-specific expression and developmental regulation of cytochrome b561 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and Raphanus sativus (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 120 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ascorbate (Asc) is an essential molecule in many aspects of development and stress responses in plants and animals. Cytochromes b561 (cyts b561) are tightly coupled to Asc homeostasis. These proteins are found in mammalian tissues, where they are involved in the regeneration of Asc, serving the synthesis of catecholamine neurotransmitters, and in intestinal iron reduction. Plant genomes encode homologous membrane-associated, Asc-reducible cyts b561. The expression of these proteins in plants, however, has so far not been studied. We have now examined the expression of two Arabidopsis thaliana cyt b561-encoding genes—Artb561-1 and Artb561-2—using relative-quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques. The genes show overlapping and distinct tissue- and organ-specific expression patterns. Transcripts of both genes are found in leaf epidermal cells, and expression seems to correlate with leaf maturation and cessation of cell elongation. Both genes are also expressed in the epidermal cell layer of stems and roots in the L1 layer of the shoot apex, in the vascular system of leaves, stems and roots, and in the root pericycle. In addition, Artb561-1 is expressed in the root cap, whereas Artb561-2 mRNA is found in the epidermis of lateral roots, in the root meristem, and in unfertilized ovules. These observations provide important information for the elucidation of the physiological function of cyts b561 in plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.0235.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of CKS1At in Arabidopsis thaliana indicates a role for the protein in both the mitotic and the endoreduplication cycle (1999)
    Springer
    Planta 207 (1999), S. 496-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words:Arabidopsis (cell cycle) ; CKS1At expression ; Endoreduplication ; Meristem ; Mitotic cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Although endoreduplication is common in plants, little is known about the mechanisms regulating this process. Here, we report the patterns of endoreduplication at the cellular level in the shoot apex of Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh. plants grown under short-day conditions. We show that polyploidy is developmentally established in the pith, maturing leaves, and stipules. To investigate the role of the cell cycle genes CDC2aAt, CDC2bAt, CYCB1;1, and CKS1At in the process of endoreduplication, in-situ hybridizations were performed on the vegetative shoot apices. Expression of CDC2aAt, CDC2bAt, and CYCB1;1 was restricted to mitotically dividing cells. In contrast, CKS1At expression was present in both mitotic and endoreduplicating tissues. Our data indicate that CDC2aAt, CDC2bAt, and CYCB1;1 only operate during mitotic divisions, whereas CKS1At may play a role in both the mitotic and endoreduplication cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050509
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new D-type cyclin of Arabidopsis thaliana expressed during lateral root primordia formation (1999)
    Springer
    Planta 208 (1999), S. 453-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words:Arabidopsis (cyclin) ; Cell cycle ; D-type cyclin ; Lateral root primordia formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. D-type cyclins are believed to regulate the onset of cell division upon mitogenic signaling. Here, the isolation is reported of a new D-type cyclin gene (CYCD4;1) of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. during a two-hybrid screen using the cyclin-dependent kinase CDC2aAt as bait. Transcription of CYCD4;1 can be induced by sucrose. The co-regulated expression of CYCD4;1 and CDC2aAt in starved suspension cultures upon mitogenic stimulation indicates that the formation of a complex between these two partners is important for the resumption of cell division activity. By in-situ hybridizations CYCD4;1 was shown to be expressed during vascular tissue development, embryogenesis, and formation of lateral root primordia. Expression during the latter process suggests that the induced expression of D-type cyclins by mitogenic stimuli might be one of the rate-limiting events for the initiation of lateral roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050582
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the nitrate-dependent spatial regulation of the nitrate reductase gene in chicory roots (1996)
    Springer
    Planta 200 (1996), S. 20-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cichorium ; gene expression (nia) ; Nitrate ; Nitrate reductase ; mRNA (in-situ hybridization)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Young chicory plants (Cichorium intybus L. var. Witloof) show a tenfold higher nitrate reductase NR activity in roots compared to leaves. Northern analysis revealed, besides the nitrate inducibility of the nitrate reductase gene (nia), a higher level of expression in the roots. By modifying the external nitrate concentration the NR activity in the leaves remained negligible whereas a maximal activity was observed in the roots when grown in the presence of 5 mM nitrate. Surprisingly, variation of the external nitrate concentration induced changes in the spatial regulation of nia within the root. In-situ hybridization mainly localized nia mRNA in the cortical cells of roots grown at low nitrate concentrations (0.2 mM). At high nitrate concentrations (5 mM), nia mRNA was more abundant in the vascular tissues. The root apex revealed a strong signal under both conditions. The isolation and characterization of the NR structural gene from chicory is also presented. Southern blot analysis revealed the presence of a single nia gene per haploid genome of chicory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196644
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana CycA2;1 gene (2000)
    Springer
    Planta 211 (2000), S. 623-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Arabidopsis (cell cycle) – Cell cycle – Cyclin – Embryogenesis – Gene expression (cyclin) – Phytohormones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract.  The associations of cyclins with highly conserved cyclin-dependent kinases are key events in the regulation of cell cycle progression. The spatio-temporal expression of an Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. mitotic cyclin, Arath;CycA2;1, was studied by histochemical β-glucuronidase (GUS) analysis and in-situ hybridizations. The CycA2;1 promoter was active in the egg apparatus before fertilization. During embryogenesis, CycA2;1:gus expression was found in the embryo and the developing endosperm. Throughout plant development, CycA2;1 transcripts were found in both dividing and non-dividing cells, indicating that the expression of this cyclin is not a limiting factor for cell division. In the pericycle and stelar parenchyma, CycA2;1 transcripts were located at the xylem poles, a position that can be correlated with competence for lateral root formation. In addition, CycA2;1:gus expression was upregulated in roots by auxins and in the shoot apex by cytokinins. Transcription of CycA2;1 was shown by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction to be strongly induced by sucrose in A. thaliana cell suspensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250000333
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell cycle activation by plant parasitic nematodes (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 43 (2000), S. 747-761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: auxin ; cell cycle ; feeding cell ; plant-nematode interaction ; plant parasitic nematodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sedentary nematodes are important pests of crop plants. They are biotrophic parasites that can induce the (re)differentiation of either differentiated or undifferentiated plant cells into specialized feeding cells. This (re)differentiation includes the reactivation of the cell cycle in specific plant cells finally resulting in a transfer cell-like feeding site. For growth and development the nematodes fully depend on these cells. The mechanisms underlying the ability of these nematodes to manipulate a plant for its own benefit are unknown. Nematode secretions are thought to play a key role both in plant penetration and feeding cell induction. Research on plant-nematode interactions is hampered by the minute size of cyst and root knot nematodes, their obligatory biotrophic nature and their relatively long life cycle. Recently, insights into cell cycle control in Arabidopsis thaliana in combination with reporter gene technologies showed the differential activation of cell cycle gene promoters upon infection with cyst or root knot nematodes. In this review, we integrate the current views of plant cell fate manipulation by these sedentary nematodes and made an inventory of possible links between cell cycle activation and local, nematode-induced changes in auxin levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006367126077
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