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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 17 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ice cream is a dairy product which favors the growth of microorganisms and can be exposed to contamination during handling while being sold at the retail market. The presence of microorganisms belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family was studied in 67 ice cream samples in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. All the samples showed positive counts, of which 82.1% revealed microbiol counts of 〉 log 3 - 〈 log 5 CFU/g. The isolated species identified (as percent of total) were: Klebsiella pneumoniae, 34.8; Enterobacter aerogenes, 19.3; Enterobacter cloacae, 11.1; Enterobacter aglomerans, 11.6; Escherichia coli and Salmonella arizonae, 2.6; Citrobacter freundii, 1.3; and Serratia marcenscens, 0.7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The serine-threonine kinases Pim-1 and Akt regulate cellular proliferation and survival. Although Akt is known to be a crucial signaling protein in the myocardium, the role of Pim-1 has been overlooked. Pim-1 expression in the myocardium of mice decreased during postnatal development, re-emerged ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Three isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum were identified from mice lung, liver, and spleen inoculated with soil samples of the X hotel's ornamental potted plants that had been fertilized with organic material known as compost. The presence of H. capsulatum in the original compost was detected using the dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nested-PCR, using a specific protein Hcp100 coding gene sequence, confirmed the fungal identification associated with an unusual histoplasmosis outbreak in Acapulco. Although, diversity between the H. capsulatum isolate from the hotel and some clinical isolates from Guerrero (positive controls) was observed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA based-PCR, sequence analyses of H-anti and ole fragment genes revealed a high homology (92–99%) between them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 31 (2000), S. 157-161 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Tillage systems ; Microbial biomass ; Carbon mineralization ; Active microbial biomass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Conservation tillage, and especially no-tillage, induce changes in the distribution of organic pools in the soil profile. In long-term field experiments, marked stratification of the total soil microbial biomass and its activity have been observed as consequence of the application of no-tillage to previously tilled soils. Our objective was to study the evolution of the total and active soil microbial biomass and mineralized C in vitro during the first crop after the introduction of no-tillage to an agricultural soil. The experiment was performed on a Typic Hapludoll from the Argentinean Pampa. Remaining plant residues, total and active microbial biomass and mineralized C were determined at 0–5 cm and 5–15 cm depths, at three sampling times: wheat tilling, silking and maturity. The introduction of no-tillage produced an accumulation of plant residues in the soil surface layer (0–5 cm), showing stratification with depth at all sampling dates. Active microbial biomass and C mineralization were higher under no-tillage than under conventional tillage in the top 5 cm of the profile. The total soil microbial biomass did not differ between treatments. The active soil biomass was highly and positive correlated with plant residues (r 2=0.617;P〈0.01) and with mineralized C (r 2=0.732;P〈0.01). Consequently, the active microbial biomass and mineralized C reflected immediately the changes in residue management, whereas the total microbial biomass seemed not to be an early indicator of the introduction of a new form of soil management in our experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Microbial biomass ; Metabolic quotient ; Seasonal variation ; Climatic conditions ; Soil respiration ; Tillage systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Variations in the microbial biomass and the in situ metabolic quotient (qCO2) due to climatic conditions were determined in a typical soil from the Argentine Rolling Pampa. Microbial C was evaluated by fumigation-incubation and qCO2 was calculated using soil respiration in the field. An inverse relationship between microbial C and soil temperature was fitted to a model (r 2=0.90, P=0.01). No significant association with the soil water content was detected because the soil was generally near field capacity and thus water availability did not limited microbial growth and activity. Values of qCO2 increased (r 2=0.89, P=0.01) as the result of metabolic activatìon, likely induced by a higher maintenance energy requirement at high temperatures. The highest values of qCO2 were obtained when microbial C was the lowest, which was attributed to self consumption of microbial C in the presence of high temperatures. Consequently, microbial C was generally higher (P=0.05) in winter than in summer. Therefore, when microbial C is used as an index of soil biological activity, the influence of temperature should be taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: -1 ) on C inputs and outputs of a Typic Argiudoll and on organic C level and density fractions were studied in a field experiment at the end of 15yr under a corn (Zea mays L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. Microbial biomass and the rate of organic C mineralization during laboratory incubations were also determined. Nitrogen fertilization had no significant influence on C emission in the field, soil organic matter level or microbial biomass and activity. The annual C budget was negative under both tillage systems, but no-tillage lost about 0.7 to 1.5 Mg ha-1yr-1 more C than did plow tillage. Carbon in the medium-density fraction (density=1.6-2.0 g mL-1) of the 0- to 20-cm soil layer was 30% higher (P≤0.05) under no-tillage. Light (density〈1.6 g mL-1) and heavy (density〉2.0 g mL-1) organic fractions, total C, and microbial biomass and activity in the 0- to 20-cm layer were not different in no-tilled and plowed soils, despite different patterns of distribution with depth. The rates of organic C mineralization during laboratory incubations were the same for both tillage systems. We propose that, after an accumulation phase, soil under no-tillage loses higher amounts of CO2--C than under plowing. The use of no-tillage would not significantly affect soil organic matter pools of the region in situations with low erosion losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2815-2824 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Stereoelectronic Requirements of 1,2-Rearrangements of Vinyl CationsThe triflates 8, 9, 12, 17, 19, and 23 have been synthesized to investigate their solvolysis products in absol. 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) (Table 1). The kinetics of the solvolysis in 50% ethanol have been measured as well. The rate constants give a straight correlation line when we apply an approximate Taft's equation, from which we deduce that the solvolyses take place by a kc mechanism; one exception is 12, as it reacts with S-O bond cleavage. We also deduce that the value of ρ* does not depend on steric factors. Relations between structure and rearrangement of vinyl cations are discussed. Mechanisms for the formation of reaction products are proposed.
    Notes: Die Triflate 8, 9, 12, 17, 19 und 23 wurden synthetisiert, um die Produkte ihrer Solvolyse in absol. 2,2,2-Trifluorethanol (TFE) zu untersuchen (Tab. 1). Auch die Kinetik der Solvolysen in 50proz. Ethanol wurde bestimmt (Tab. 2). Die Solvolysegeschwindigkeiten ergeben eine Korrelationsgerade bei einer vereinfachten Taftschen Darstellung, woraus abgeleitet wird, daß die Solvolysen nach einem kc-Mechanismus erfolgen; eine Ausnahme ist 12, das durch S-O-Spaltung solvolysiert. Wir schließen daraus, daß ρ* von sterischen Effekten unabhängig ist. Es werden Beziehungen zwischen Struktur und Umlagerung bei Vinylkationen diskutiert und Mechanismen für die Bildung der Reaktionsprodukte vorgeschlagen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 9 (1996), S. 227-233 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The diazotization of N-silylated N-methyl- and N-phenylcyclopentenylamines affords products derived from intermediate methyl- and phenyldiazonium ions. However, when this method is applied to N,N-bissilylated cyclopentenylamines, the products obtained do not confirm the formation of a cyclopentenyl cation intermediate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reaction of monosilylated imines and a disilylated enamine with nitrosyl salts in dichloromethane at -78°C is shown to proceed via intermediate vinyl diazonium salts and vinyl cations.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 8 (1995), S. 191-194 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reaction of bis-silylated ynamines with different nitrosyl reagents affords products derived from an electrophilic attack at the β-carbon atom and not the expected alkynyldiazonium salts.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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