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  • 1
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Toxoplasmosis ; pyrimethamine ; sulfadiazine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Al fine di determinare efficacia e tollerabilità delle associazioni pirimetamina-sulfadiazina e pirimetamina-clindamicina, sono stati studiati retrospettivamente 39 pazienti con AIDS e toxoplasmosi cerebrale. I risultati dimostrano un tasso di risposta del 79% per l'associazione con sulfadiazina, e un'elevata frequenza di insuccessi terapeutici nel gruppo trattato con clindamicina. Gli effetti collaterali in corso di terapia con sulfadiazina sono risultati lievemente più frequenti; l'impiego di protocolli di desensibilizzazione ha comunque consentito di ridurre la necessità di interruzione del trattamento. L'associazione pirimetamina-sulfadiazina si conferma terapia di scelta della toxoplasmosi cerebrale nei pazienti con AIDS, eventualmente in associazione con schemi di trattamento desensibilizzante. Da verificare ulteriormente il ruolo di protocolli terapeutici alternativi.
    Notes: Abstract We retrospectively examined 39 patients with AIDS and central nrvous system toxoplasmosis in order to determine the efficacy and safety of two combinations: pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine-clindamycin. The results showed a response rate of 79% for the sulfadiazine association and a high failure rate in the clindamycin group. Side effects with sulfadiazine were slightly more frequent, but with desensitization protocols discontinuation was kept down. The combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, associated, when necessary, with desensitization schedules, was confirmed to be first choice therapy for cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients. The role of alternative regimens needs further evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: AIDS ; HIV ; Mycoses ; Biotyping ; Epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mycological, cultural and/or serological studies were performed on 98 patients hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Catholic University in Rome with diagnoses of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) diseases. The incidence of mycoses was evaluated by retrospectively analyzing the results of mycological examinations and comparing them with clinical manifestations. The presence of concomitant bacterial, viral and parasitic infections was also examined. For epidemiological purposes, the study was extended to include the biotyping of all yeasts isolated from patients hospitalized between September 1988 and February 1989 in the same Department. Antimycotic susceptibility was also determined for the first yeast isolate obtained from each of these patients. Oral candidiasis (50 cases) caused by Candida albicans was the most frequent mycosis, followed by esophageal candidiasis (13 cases) and cryptococcosis (6 cases). Four out of the 6 cryptococcosis patients had meningeal involvement. Systemic candidiasis (2 cases) and aspergillosis (1 case) were less common. Biotyping of yeasts isolated between September 1988 and February 1989 with the killer system revealed type 377 to be the most common among the C. albicans isolates. It represented 70% of all the yeasts isolated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: AIDS ; HIV infection ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Prognostic factors ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-five episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients were evaluated to assess clinical and laboratory risk factors predicting the probability of surviving the acute episode of PCP and the long-term survival after PCP. Age 〉 45 yrs, PaO2 〈 50 mmHg, AaPO2 〉 50 mmHg, and LDH 〉 800 IU/L correlated strongly with early mortality; patients who needed mechanical ventilation had a significantly lower PaO2 and serum albumin, and higher AaPO2 and LDH compared to the patients who did not. Neither age nor PaO2, AaPO2, LDH, albumin, days from onset, time for recovery, CD4+ cell count correlated with long-term survival of AIDS patients with PCP. Informations obtained at initial presentation of PCP may predict early outcome and influence therapeutic approach, improving chances for survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 9 (1988), S. 567-572 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: AIDS-HIV infection ; cerebrospinal fluid ; central nervous system ; neurological manifestation ; HIV-p24 antigen ; anti-HIV envelope antibodies ; anti-HIV core antibodies ; total intra-blood-brain-barrier IgG synthesis ; oligoclonal IgG bands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Gli AA. riportano i risultati di uno studio effettuato sul liquido cefalorachidiano (LCR) di 15 pazienti con AIDS (13 con e 2 senza, manifestazioni neurologiche) al fine di correlare i segni liquorali di infezione da HIV con il quadro neurologico. È stata evidenziata in tutti i pazienti la presenza di anticorpi anti-HIV di sintesi intratecale. In particolare in tutti i pazienti sono stati dimostrati anticorpi diretti contro le proteine dell'envelope dell'HIV, mentre anticorpi anti-core sono stati riscontrati solo in 9 dei 13 casi esaminati. L'antigene dell'HIV e l'antigene p24 dello stesso virus sono, stati evidenziati rispettivamente in 6 su 14 e in 4 su 12 casi. L'HIV, ricercato in coltura cellulare nel LCR di 6 pazienti, non è stato isolato da nessun campione. Gli AA. concludono che segni di infezione da HIV sono presenti nel LCR di pazienti con AIDS, indipendentemente dalla comparsa o meno di manifestazioni neurologiche. Infine, la presenza nel LCR dell'antigene p24 dell'HIV sembra costituire un importante segno di infezione del SNC da parte di tale virus.
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of HIV infection and the spectrum of neurological manifestations were studied in 15 AIDS patients (13 with and 2 without confirmed neurological disorders). We demonstrated the presence of intrathecally synthesized anti-HIV antibodies. Antibodies to HIV envelope proteins were present in all patients but those to HIV core proteins in 9/13 cases only. HIV antigen and HIV p24 antigen were present in 6/14 and 4/12 cases respectively. HIV was not isolated from 6 samples of CSF. We have demonstrated that CSF markers of HIV infection were present in all AIDS patients, with or without neurological manifestations. Moreover HIV p24 antigen seems to be a very reliable marker of HIV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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