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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemoglobin oxygen affinity in patients suffering from arterial occlusive disease of the legs (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 397-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bohr coefficients ; Smoking effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Parameters characterizing the hemoglobin oxygen affinity were determined in blood of 12 male patients suffering from arterial occlusive disease (AOD) of the legs and compared with data obtained earlier from healthy human subjects (controls). Due to a COHb content of 4.8%±2.2% in the cigarette-smoking AOD patients, the standard oxygen dissociation curve (ODC) was left-shifted, the half-saturation pressure (P50) amounted to 24.8±1.7 mmHg (3.30±0.23 kPa), although the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration was increased to 15.3±1.7 µmol/g Hb. Correcting the effects of elevated COHb shifts the P50 to 26.3 mmHg (3.5 kPa) and increases the steepness of the ODC (Hill's “n”) from 2.79±0.27 to about 2.99, which is significantly different from controls. The Bohr coefficients after acidification of blood with lactic acid (BCLac) show high values at low oxygen saturations of hemoglobin (−0.50±0.04 in AOD patients, −0.32±0.04 in controls;P〈0.05 at 10% SO2). The cause of the alterations in hemoglobin oxygen affinity may be a reduced mean erythrocyte age, but also the influence of unknown factors generated, e.g., from anaerobic muscle metabolism in AOD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01737943
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity in anemia (1987)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 54 (1987), S. 361-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Cooperativity ; Acid base equilibrium ; Bohr effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In blood of 21 anemic patients and 8 normal subjects (N) thre oxygen dissociation curves each were measured at different pH values to calculate Bohr coefficients after acidification with CO2 (BCCO 2) or fixed acid (BCFA), and other important parameters of oxygen affinity. The patients had either low hemoglobin or red cell production (L:n=11, 7.3 g/dl Hb) or high erythrocyte production combined with high loss (H:n=10, 7.8 g/dl Hb). The standard half saturation pressure P50 (pH 7.4, 37°C) was equally elevated in both anemic groups (L:30.5, H:30.8, N:26.7 mmHg), as well as the diphosphoglycerate concentration (DPG) (L:18.7, H:18.6, N:12.7 μmol/g Hb). The red cell pH of the anemics was lower than for the N (approximately 0.045 units) causing part of the difference in P50. Hill's “n”tended to high values in the anemics except at low O2-saturation in the H. For BCCO 2 no significant difference among the groups was observed. BCFA, however, increased in the H at low SO 2 compared to the N and L. The cause for most of the changes in hemoglobin oxygen affinity in anemics was the high [DPG]. The combination of high P50 and high “n” value as in the L seems to be most advantageous for tissue oxygenation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626019
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometrische Untersuchungen über die Verteilung des Heterochromatins im Zellkern bei Dysplasie und beim Carcinoma in situ (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 224 (1977), S. 524-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00679701
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated respirometer method for microbial toxicity assessment of low-level zinc contamination in soil (1995)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 55 (1995), S. 817-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209459
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sofortwirkungen von Röntgenstrahlen bei wirbellosen Tieren und Fröschen (1965)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 2 (1965), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zahlreiche Arten des niederen Tierreichs zeigen bei Einwirkung ionisierender Strahlen unmittelbare Reaktionen, die von Unruhe bis zur Flucht reichen. Reaktionseintritt und -stärke sind wesentlich von der Dosisleistung abhängig; offensichtlich ist eine Latenzzeit vorgeschaltet; bei häufiger Wiederholung kommt es zur Ermüdung oder Gewöhnung, die aber nur bei Bestrahlung mit relativ geringen, gerade noch wirksamen Dosisleistungen in Erscheinung tritt. Es wird diskutiert, ob ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Reaktionsfähigkeit auf Strahlen und dem phylogenetischen Entwicklungsgrad des betreffenden Individuums besteht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01191674
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mathematical model of the ventilatory control system to carbon dioxide with special reference to athletes and nonathletes (1975)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 356 (1975), S. 223-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Ventilatory Control ; Blood Gases ; AlveolarpCO2 ; Athletes ; Physical Fitness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ventilatory response curve (VRC) as a function of alveolar and arterialpCO2 was recorded in 6 high-performance athletes and 6 nonathletes. The best fit to the data points could be found for an equation of the form $$\tilde y_i = a_0 + a_1 \exp \{ {{ - (x_i - a_2 )^2 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{ - (x_i - a_2 )^2 } {a_3 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {a_3 }}\} $$ showing that the results are strongly related to a Gaussian probability density function (PDF). After normalizing the equation to a form $$\dot V_E = A\frac{1}{{\sigma \sqrt {2\pi } }} \cdot \exp \left\{ { - \frac{1}{2}\left( {\frac{{p_a CO_2 - M}}{\delta }} \right)^2 } \right\}$$ (M=mean value of PDF), σ,A andM could be determined for both groups. σ andA are smaller in the athletic group, whereasM did not show any systematic difference. Regarding the respiratory center consisting of functional “elements” responding indirectly to variablepCO2 it can be concluded that the frequency distribution of the different active elements is greater and spread over a widerpCO2 range in the nonathletes with the same mean value in both groups. Using Loeschcke's model (1960), the open loop gain factor for differentVCO2 as a function ofp ACO2 was computed; the gain factor showed a maximum in the physiological range ofpCO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583834
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of intravenous dopamine infusion on plasma concentrations of dopamine and dopamine sulfate in men, during and up to 18 h after infusion (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (2000), S. 755-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Dopamine ; Pharmacokinetics ; Sulfoconjugation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: We investigated whether sulfoconjugation contributes to the inactivation of intravenously infused dopamine (DA) in low concentrations with a predominant action on the kidney. Methods: Plasma DA and dopamine sulfate (DA-S) concentrations were determined during 4 h of intravenous infusion of DA (2 μg/kg/min) and up to 18 h after cessation of infusion. Twenty-seven healthy young subjects participated in the placebo controlled, randomised and double-blind study. Results: Intravenously administered DA was sulfoconjugated rapidly and to a great extent. After starting the infusion, DA levels rose within minutes and reached a steady state after 30–60 min. The steady-state levels averaged 151.3 ± 8.2 nmol/l. DA-S levels also increased markedly with infusion from 16.7 ± 9.9 nmol/l at the start of infusion up to 261.2 ± 24.2 nmol/l at 30 min after cessation of infusion. Plasma DA concentrations after cessation of the infusion decreased rapidly with an initial half-life of elimination of 4.8 min. Concentrations of plasma DA-S declined with a half-life of 4.5 h. Persistent elevations of free and conjugated DA compared with pre-treatment levels were observed even 18 h after cessation. Heart rate and blood pressure remained unchanged both during DA and saline infusion. Conclusion: Findings indicate that the sulfoconjugation pathway contributes markedly to the inactivation of intravenously infused DA and seems not to be saturable by DA infusion in low doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050010
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal variations of protein and electrolyte concentrations and of acid-base status in plasma and red cells of normal man (1974)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 32 (1974), S. 239-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Blood ; Circadian Rhythm ; Electrolytes ; Erythrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Venous blood was sampled in 3-h intervals from 5 men and 4 women under conditions of normal daily activity during 24 h (Series I). Hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration in blood and red cells, sodium, potassium, magnesium and chloride concentrations in plasma and red cells, protein, calcium and inorganic phosphate concentrations and standard bicarbonate in plasma, pH in blood and red cells, pCO2 in blood were measured or calculated. Most concentration curves showed biphasic patterns with night minima which were significant for hemoglobin, hematocrit and pH in blood, protein, sodium, calcium and standard bicarbonate in plasma, potassium and pH in red cells. Inorganic phosphate in plasma alone exhibited a definite day minimum. A second series (6 subjects) with measurements made only between 06.00 and 12.00 showed changes similar to those in Series I with an additional small increase of red cell sodium concentration at noon. In a third series, where 6 subjects remained in a recumbent position up to midday, the morning increase of [Hb], Hct, pH and standard bicarbonate was clearly reproducible. The main cause of the similar behavior of the different quantities seems to be a water shift into plasma and red cells during the night.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423219
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen dissociation curves in trained and untrained subjects (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 42 (1979), S. 51-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Exertion ; Physical training ; Oxygen dissociation curve ; Organic phosphates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Oxygen dissociation curves (ODC) in whole blood and organic phosphate concentrations in red cells were determined in 10 highly trained male athletes (TR), 6 semitrained subjects (ST) who played sports regularly at low intensities and 8 untrained people (UT). In all groups standard ODCs (37
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421104
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects and post-effects of two-hour exhausting exercise on composition and gas transport functions of blood (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 42 (1979), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Exertion ; Physical training ; Blood ; Acid base status ; Oxygen dissociation curve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eleven male sport students (age 23.3±1.7 years) exercised for 2 h on a bicycle ergometer (60 rpm), the braking force of which was regulated to yield a constant pulse rate (156±3 min−1). Before, at end of, and 3 and 6 h after exercise blood was sampled from a cubital vein and an earlobe for measurement of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Hct) value, osmolality (Osm), plasma protein (Prot), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), inorganic phosphate (Pi), and lactate (Lac) concentrations, red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and adenosin triphosphate (ATP) concentrations, acid base status and half saturation pressure (P50) of the oxygen dissociation curve. At end of exercise [Hb], Hct, [Prot], Osm, [K+], [Pi] and [Lac] were significantly elevated, pH in ear lobe (+0.04) and venous blood (+0.08) was also increased by both respiratory and nonrespiratory effects (BE + 1.4 mmol/l). The oxygen dissociation curve showed an unexplained slight right shift (standard P50+0.19 kPa). During the post-exercise period most parameters approximated to control values after only 3 h. [Prot] and especially [Pi], however, remained elevated while [DPG] slightly rose during the post-exercise period. It is suggested that these changes are first signs of adaptation to exercise, perhaps caused by endocrine stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421910
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