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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoreactivity of cytokeratins (CK7, CK20) and mucin peptide core antigens (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC) in adenocarcinomas, normal and metaplastic tissues of the distal oesophagus, oesophago–gastric junction and proximal stomach (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  Adenocarcinomas of the distal oesophagus and especially the oesophago–gastric junction have shown an increasing incidence during the last decade. Definition of subgroups according to different sites of development, histogenesis or aetiology may prove to be valuable for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Previous studies have shown differences in cytokeratin patterns between Barrett's metaplasia of the oesophagus and intestinal metaplasia in the stomach. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the expression of certain cytokeratins (CK7, CK20) and mucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC) exhibit clear-cut patterns, thus allowing a subclassification of adenocarcinomas of the oesophago–gastric junction. The possibility of a relationship between antigen expression and the presence or absence of Barrett's metaplastic epithelium was also studied.Methods and results:  CK7, CK20, MUC1, MUC2 and MUC5AC were visualized in six adenocarcinomas of the distal oesophagus, 29 adenocarcinomas of the oesophago–gastric junction and eight adenocarcinomas of the proximal stomach. CK7, CK20 and MUC1 were strongly expressed in the great majority of all neoplasms under study, whereas MUC2 and MUC5AC were absent or only faintly detectable. CK20 exhibited a significantly stronger expression in poorly differentiated tumours (G3) and MUC1 immunoreactivity correlated with tubular and papillary versus signet-ring cell histopathology. Other statistically significant correlations between antigens and histopathological features (pTNM stage, grading, histopathological subtype, presence/absence of Barrett's epithelium) were not observed.Conclusions:  According to our results, most adenocarcinomas of the oesophago–gastric junction show a CK7+, CK20+, MUC1+ phenotype irrespective of the presence or absence of Barrett's epithelium. The immunohistochemical data suggest a similar histogenesis of these tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2003.01680.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 protein are inverse factors influencing tumour cell turnover in primary carcinoid tumours of the lung (1998)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 33 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study evaluates potential regulating factors in primary pulmonary carcinoid tumours, 16 typical and four atypical samples, with special emphasis on apoptosis and the bcl-2 gene family. Furthermore, p53-related oncogenes were analysed in a search for associated biological parameters.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and resultsThe in-situ end-labelling technique (ISEL) was used to determine apoptotic cells, in addition to immunohistochemical methods, which were used to investigate the expression of the Ki67 antigen (avidin–biotin complex (ABC) method) and bcl-2, bcl-x, p53, p21/waf1, p27 and mdm-2 proteins (catalysed reporter deposition (CARD) technique). The incidence of apoptotic tumour cells was significantly enhanced in typical carcinoids. The bcl-2 protein was expressed to a higher degree in atypical carcinoids, which displayed a higher proliferative capacity as well. In contrast, bcl-x was observed predominantly in so-called typical carcinoids. The tumour cell turnover index was the most distinguishing parameter between both entities. All carcinoid tumours failed to show a staining for p53, p21/waf, p27 and mdm-2 proteins.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsThe different biological behaviour of the carcinoid tumours under study seems to be influenced by the bcl-2 gene family preventing programmed cell death. We speculate that this results in a more aggressive course in atypical carcinoid tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1998.00466.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative evaluation of the prognostic value of MUC1, MUC2, sialyl-Lewisa and sialyl-Lewisx antigens in colorectal adenocarcinoma (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 40 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Comparative evaluation of the prognostic value of MUC1, MUC2, sialyl-Lewisa and sialyl-Lewisx antigens in colorectal adenocarcinoma Aims: The significance of MUC1, MUC2 and sialylated Lewis blood group antigens as prognostic markers in colorectal adenocarcinoma was investigated in a large series of patients because previous investigations revealed inconsistent results due to unrelated tumour samples from different patient groups and methodological differences. Methods and results: Tissues from 243 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were stained immunohistochemically. MUC1 showed a strong immunoreactivity (in more than 35% of the tumour area) in 32.5%, MUC2 in 51.0%, sialyl-Lewisx in 67.9% and sialyl-Lewisa in 73.7% of the cases, respectively. MUC1 immunoreactivity displayed a significant correlation with tumour progression as reflected by advancing pTNM staging and poor differentiation. MUC2 expression was significantly stronger in mucinous adenocarcinomas. Sialyl-Lewisx immunostaining correlated with the extent of lymph node metastasis as well as low cytological differentiation. According to univariate and multivariate analysis (P 〈 0.0001) only MUC1 reactivity represented a marker of worse survival probability, opposed to the sialylated Lewis antigens that did not exert a predictive value. Conclusions: According to our data, MUC1 and sialyl-Lewisx immunoreactivity exhibit statistically significant correlations with established markers of tumour progression. However, only MUC1 presents as an independent prognostic factor of colorectal adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2002.01389.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of MMP-2 is associated with progression and lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 39 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Expression of MMP-2 is associated with progression and lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma Aims: One important step in tumour invasion is the penetration of the basement membrane. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in the migration of normal and malignant cells through the basement membrane. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) immunoreactivity and currently used classification systems and possible relationships between lymph node metastasis and MMP-2 expression. Methods and results: This prospective study analysed specimens obtained from 114 gastric cancer patients (mean age 64 years; range 33–86 years) who underwent gastrectomy with extended lymphadenectomy. All specimens were categorized according to UICC classification, WHO classification, tumour differentiation, Laurén classification, Ming classification and Goseki classification. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour specimens were stained using an avidin–biotin complex peroxidase assay. MMP-2 expression in the tumour epithelium was studied by immunohistochemistry with semiquantitative (score 0–3) evaluation. The MMP-2 staining pattern was positive (score 1–3) in 93 (81.6%) specimens and negative (score 0) in 21 (18.4%) samples. No significant correlations were found between MMP-2 expression and other variables such as age, tumour differentiation, WHO, Lauren, Goseki, and Ming classifications. In contrast, the intensity of MMP-2 staining in tumour cells correlated significantly with depth of tumour infiltration (T-stage), lymph node metastasis (N-stage), distant metastasis (M-stage), and UICC stage. Conclusions: Expression of MMP-2 is strongly associated with tumour progression and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Therefore MMP-2 staining may be clinically useful as predictor of tumour progression, especially for lymph node metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01306.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate antigens of human megakaryocytes and platelet glycoproteins: a comparative study (1994)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 102 (1994), S. 205-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Until now, carbohydrate antigens of human megakaryocytes have not been studied very extensively. For this reason, we investigated the staining pattern of 25 lectins and carbohydrate-specific monoclonal antibodies on paraffin-embedded trephine biopsies and acetone-fixed smears from patients with reactive and neoplastic bone marrow lesions. A biotin-streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase assay was used to visualize the binding of lectins or antibodies. Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I) stained megakaryocytes in all cases tested. Monoclonal antibodies detecting fucosylated Lewis type 2 chain antigens (19-OLE, 12-4LE and LeuM1) were also reactive. Several lectins detecting backbone and core oligosaccharides [Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Erythrina cristagalli agglutinin (ECA), soybean agglutinin (SBA)] bound to megakaryocytes only after neuraminidase digestion. Moreover, we investigated human platelet lysates to gain some information about the carbohydrate residues of platelet glycoproteins which are synthesized by megakaryocytes. The carbohydrate expression of platelets showed striking similarities to that of megakaryocytes. Immunoblotting experiments revealed a strong binding of UEA-I, 19-OLE and 12-4LE to a band isographic to glycoprotein (gp) Ib. After desialylation of glycoproteins transblotted to nitrocellulose, ECA and PNA also reacted with a band of this molecular weight. Gp Ib is known to contain a mucin-like peptide core with a great number of potential O-glycosylation sites. Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that carbohydrate residues characterized in this study are involved in the complex biological interactions of gp Ib.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268897
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muzinassoziierte Antigene als Marker gastrointestinaler Differenzierung und Karzinogenese (1995)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 16 (1995), S. 94-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Glykoprotein ; Kohlenhydratantigen ; Karzinom ; Adenom-Karzinom-Sequenz ; Immunhistochemie ; Key words Glycoprotein ; Carbohydrate antigen ; Carcinoma ; Adenoma-carcinoma sequence ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Mucins are heavily glycosylated glycoproteins which exhibit a variety of antigenic determinants consisting of carbohydrates and/or peptide sequences. The application of monoclonal antibodies and lectins in immunohistochemistry resulted in a considerable extension of knowledge regarding their topography during histogenesis. Additionally, typical alterations of antigenic profiles during neoplastic transformation of cells and tissues were described. A number of new results are in keeping with the assumption that mucin-associated antigens play an important role in tumor biology, for example metastasis, and as markers of prognosis. The purpose of the present paper is to give a review, including the authors' own results, of knowledge on the gastrointestinal mucin antigens in experimental and clinical pathology.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine, die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen. Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikörpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse über deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese. Zudem konnten typische Veränderungen der Antigenprofile während der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden. Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin, daß muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie, beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluß eigener Befunde eine Übersicht über die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050082
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pleomorphes Adenom (Mischtumor) des äußeren Gehörgangs Zur Differentialdiagnose der Tumoren der Zeruminaldrüsen (1999)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 20 (1999), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Pleomorphes Adenom ; Äußerer Gehörgang ; Zeruminom ; Differentialdiagnose ; Immunhistochemie ; Key words Pleomorphic adenomas ; Meatus acusticus externus ; Ceruminoma ; Differential diagnosis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A tumor was removed from the right external auditory canal of a 69-year old female patient. The histopathological and immunhistochemical evaluation revealed a pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor). The differential diagnosis of the tumors derived from the ceruminal glands, their clinical and prognostic implications as well as the histogenesis of pleomorphic adenomas in this localization are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei einer 69jährigen Patientin wurde aus dem rechtsseitigen äußeren Gehörgang ein Tumorknoten exstirpiert. Die histopathologische und immunhistochemische Untersuchung ergab ein pleomorphes Adenom (Mischtumor). Die Differentialdiagostik der von den Zeruminaldrüsen abgeleiteten Tumoren, deren klinisch-prognostische Konsequenz sowie die Histogenese der pleomorphen Adenome in dieser besonderen Lokalisation werden erörtert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050331
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate and peptide antigens in macrophage populations derived from human bone marrow and milk: an immunomorphological and immunochemical analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 27 (1995), S. 630-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An immunomorphological and immunochemical study was performed to elucidate the pattern of carbohydrate antigens and their relationships to the cluster differentiation (CD) 68 epitopes on macrophages derived from human bone marrow and milk. Core and backbone antigens recognized by lectins fromBauhinia purpurea (BPA),Helix pomatia (HPA),Arachis hypogaea (PNA),Glycine max. (SBA),Griffonia simplicifolia (GSA-I-B4),Lycopersicon esculentum (LEA) andErythrina cristagalli (ECA) were expressed by both macrophage populations. Additionally, they exhibited various peripheral type 1 and type 2 carbohydrate antigens. In bone marrow trephine biopsies, the number of macrophages stained by the CD68-specific monoclonal antibody PG-M1 exceeded significantly (range 30–40%) the subpopulation expressing SBA, GSA-I-B4 and ECA binding sites as well as the Lewisa antigen. This result is very interesting since, fromin vitro studies, GSA-I-B4 and SBA are known to react especially with activated macrophages. Western blotting experiments on milk macrophage lysates revealed that ECA, GSA-I-B4, BPA, PNA and MAA visualize a 110 kDa band isographic with the CD68 antigen detected by PG-M1, KP1 and Ki-M1P monoclonal antibodies. These antibodies recognize peptide epitopes as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays after biochemical modification of milk macrophage lysates. This result is in keeping with the assumption that the CD68 antigen consists of a highly glycosylated mucin-type glycoprotein comprising various differentiation-dependent epitopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02388463
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate and peptide antigens in macrophage populations derived from human bone marrow and milk: an immunomorphological and immunochemical analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 27 (1995), S. 630-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An immunomorphological and immunochemical study was performed to elucidate the pattern of carbohydrate antigens and their relationships to the cluster differentiation (CD) 68 epitopes on macrophages derived from human bone marrow and milk. Core and backbone antigens recognized by lectins from Bauhinia purpurea (BPA), Helix pomatia (HPA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Glycine max. (SBA), Griffonia simplicifolia (GSA-I-B4), Lycopersicon esculentum (LEA) and Erythrina cristagalli (ECA) were expressed by both macrophage populations. Additionally, they exhibited various peripheral type 1 and type 2 carbohydrate antigens. In bone marrow trephine biopsies, the number of macrophages stained by the CD68-specific monoclonal antibody PG-M1 exceeded significantly (range 30–40%) the subpopulation expressing SBA, GSA-I-B4 and ECA binding sites as well as the Lewisa antigen. This result is very interesting since, from in vitro studies, GSA-I-B4 and SBA are known to react especially with activated macrophages. Western blotting experiments on milk macrophage lysates revealed that ECA, GSA-I-B4, BPA, PNA and MAA visualize a 110 kDa band isographic with the CD68 antigen detected by PG-M1, KP1 and Ki-M1P monoclonal antibodies. These antibodies recognize peptide epitopes as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays after biochemical modification of milk macrophage lysates. This result is in keeping with the assumption that the CD68 antigen consists of a highly glycosylated mucin-type glycoprotein comprising various differentiation-dependent epitopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00173101
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