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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic basis of radiation response in glioblastoma multiforme (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 27 (2001), S. 56-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an almost uniformly fatal brain tumor; patients have a median survival time of less than one year despite aggressive treatments, including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. Despite the clear benefits of radiation therapy in prolonging the survival of some ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/87098
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The candidate tumour suppressor protein ING4 regulates brain tumour growth and angiogenesis (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 428 (2004), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Gliomas are the most common primary tumours of the central nervous system, with nearly 15,000 diagnosed annually in the United States and a lethality approaching 80% within the first year of glioblastoma diagnosis. The marked induction of angiogenesis in glioblastomas suggests that it is a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02329
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of apoptosis in multi-drug resistant (MDR) human glioblastoma cells by SN-38, a metabolite of the camptothecin derivative CPT-11 (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 39 (1997), S. 417-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Keywords Apoptosis ; Chemotherapy ; Camptothecin ; SN-38 ; Multidrug resistance ; Glioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The overexpression of the multidrug resistance (mdr1) gene and its product, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is thought to limit the successful chemotherapy of human tumors. Recent studies demonstrate that SN-38, a metabolite of the camptothecin (CPT) derivative CPT-11, has antitumor effects on several tumors, but the mechanisms responsible for its cytotoxicity remain unclear. We therefore determined whether SN-38 has cytotoxic effects on MDR human glioblastoma GB-1 cells and non-MDR human glioblastoma U87-MG cells. Furthermore, we determined what role SN-38 plays in the induction of cytotoxicity in these tumor cells. In this study, we demonstrated that SN-38 had significantly stronger antitumor effects on GB-1 and U-87MG cells than did CPT (P〈0.01 and P〈0.05, respectively). In addition, findings obtained using a DNA fragmentation assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, in situ end-labeling and cell cycle analysis demonstrated that SN-38 induced apoptosis in these tumors. Our results suggest that SN-38 has a stronger antitumor effect on malignant glioma cells regardless of MDR expression than does CPT, and therefore can be considered a new chemotherapeutic agent potentially effective in the treatment of human primary or recurrent malignant gliomas resistant to chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002800050592
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory effects of tamoxifen and tumor necrosis factor α on human glioblastoma cells (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 40 (1995), S. 228-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Tumor necrosis factor α ; Tamoxifen ; Protein kinase C inhibitor ; Apoptosis ; Human glioblastoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reported previously that tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibited proliferation and invasiveness of human malignant glial cells. Because tamoxifen, an estrogen antagonist, has also been shown to inhibit growth of such cells, we hypothesized that a combination of tamoxifen and TNFα might be more effective than either reagent alone. TNFα (1–100 ng/ml) or tamoxifen (80 ng/ml-2 μg/ml) alone inhibited proliferation of a human glioblastoma cell line (WITG3) in a dose-dependent fashion; in combination, tamoxifen and TNFα yielded additive growth inhibition. Apoptotic cells characterized by nuclear fragmentation were detectable after 48 h of TNFα or tamoxifen exposure and were significantly increased by combination treatment. In non-neoplastic human astroglia and fibroblasts, proliferation was unaffected by tamoxifen, and enhanced by TNFα as previously reported. Staurosporine (2–50 nM), which has been reported to augment the effects of TNFα, was less effective than tamoxifen against WITG3 and, in addition, was markedly inhibitory to non-neoplastic glial cells. Binding studies yielded no evidence of WITG3 estrogen or progesterone receptors, nor of tamoxifen effects on TNFα receptors. Data suggest that TNFα and tamoxifen in combination display growth-regulatory properties, which (a) are more inhibitory to human glioblastoma cells than either agent alone, (b) do not affect non-neoplastic glia, (c) do not require either estrogen/ progesterone receptors or alteration of external TNFα receptors, and (d) may involve apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01519896
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monocyte tumoricidal activity and tumor necrosis factor production in patients with malignant brain tumors (1991)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 33 (1991), S. 314-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Monocyte ; Tumor necrosis factor ; Brain tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) secretion and gene expression were examined in astrocytoma patients, patients with other types of brain tumors (primary or metastatic), and normal individuals. The spontaneous monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity of either patient group against an astrocytoma cell line was significantly greater than normal. There was no difference between patient groups. When monocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in vitro, tumoricidal activity increased in all patient groups. Patient monocyte activity tested shortly (48 h) after surgery was not different from that before surgery. Both spontaneous and stimulated monocyte cytocidal activities were tumor-cell-restricted: melanoma and astrocytoma cells were equally susceptible but non-neoplastic glial cells were not affected. Examination of monocyte TNFα secretion and mRNA expression indicated that patient activity was comparable to or greater than normal. These results demonstrate that, despite steroid therapy, circulating monocytes in astrocytoma and other brain tumor patients retain intact functional activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01756596
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory effects of tamoxifen and tumor necrosis factor α on human glioblastoma cells (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 40 (1995), S. 228-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Tumor necrosis factor α ; Tamoxifen ; Protein kinase C inhibitor ; Apoptosis ; Human glioblastoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We reported previously that tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibited proliferation and invasiveness of human malignant glial cells. Because tamoxifen, an estrogen antagonist, has also been shown to inhibit growth of such cells, we hypothesized that a combination of tamoxifen and TNFα might be more effective than either reagent alone. TNFα (1–100 ng/ml) or tamoxifen (80 ng/ml–2μ g/ml) alone inhibited proliferation of a human glioblastoma cell line (WITG3) in a dose-dependent fashion; in combination, tamoxifen and TNFα yielded additive growth inhibition. Apoptotic cells characterized by nuclear fragmentation were detectable after 48 h of TNFα or tamoxifen exposure and were significantly increased by combination treatment. In non-neoplastic human astroglia and fibroblasts, proliferation was unaffected by tamoxifen, and enhanced by TNFα as previously reported. Staurosporine (2–50 nM), which has been reported to augment the effects of TNFα, was less effective than tamoxifen against WITG3 and, in addition, was markedly inhibitory to non-neoplastic glial cells. Binding studies yielded no evidence of WITG3 estrogen or progesterone receptors, nor of tamoxifen effects on TNFα receptors. Data suggest that TNFα and tamoxifen in combination display growth-regulatory properties, which (a) are more inhibitory to human glioblastoma cells than either agent alone, (b) do not affect non-neoplastic glia, (c) do not require either estrogen/progesterone receptors or alteration of external TNFα receptors, and (d) may involve apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01519896
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral pharmacokinetics of marijuana (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 85 (1985), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Marijuana ; Human subjects ; Perceptual-motor performance ; THC plasma levels ; Correlation of performance with plasma levels ; Driving
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Male volunteer subjects smoked one marijuana cigarette containing 100, 200, or 250 μg/kg Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and were tested on three perceptual-motor performance measures related to driving. Performance was measured and blood samples were collected for 24 h after smoking. The covariation between phamacodynamics of performance and pharmacokinetics of THC in plasma was investigated for decrement in performance as the response to smoking a single marijuana cigarette. A significant linear correlation was found between tracking errors under divided attention and THC plasma levels over 5–25 ng/ml for approximately 2 h after smoking. A sigmoid relation was found between critical tracking breakpoint and log THC plasma levels over 2–25 ng/ml for approximately 7 h after smoking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427321
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    Hawthorne's Italian Towers (1964)
    Boston, Mass. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Studies in Romanticism. 3:4 (1964:Summer) 252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0039-3762
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies
    Notes: NOTES AND DOCUMENTS
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:b321-1964-003-04-000005
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-13 sensitivity and receptor phenotypes of human glial cell lines: non-neoplastic glia and low-grade astrocytoma differ from malignant glioma (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 49 (2000), S. 319-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Interleukin 13 ; Astrocytoma ; Receptors ; Astrocytes ; STAT6
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Many of the actions and receptor components of interleukin-13 (IL-13), a pleiotrophic cytokine with immunotherapeutic potential, are shared with IL-4. Because human low-grade astrocytoma cells express IL-4 receptors and their growth is arrested by IL-4, we speculated that IL-13 sensitivity and receptor expression might also be present. The purpose of the current study was to investigate IL-13 receptor components and sensitivity in a series of glial cell lines derived from adult human non-neoplastic cerebral cortex, low-grade astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma multiforme. Unlike peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), glial cells did not express IL-2 receptor γ chain. IL-13 receptor α-1 (IL-13Rα1), however, was present in 11/13 glial lines and PBL. Deficient cell lines were all glioblastoma-derived. All anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma but not other glial lines or PBL expressed IL-13 receptor α-2 (IL-13Rα2). In non-neoplastic glia, low-grade, and anaplastic astrocytoma, IL-13 decreased DNA synthesis, an effect reversible with antibody to IL-4Rα. Results indicate that low-grade astrocytoma cells resemble non-neoplastic glia in terms of IL-13 sensitivity and IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1 receptor profile but alterations occur with malignant progression. Glioblastoma cells were uniformly insensitive to IL-13 and, unlike other glia, failed to phosphorylate STAT6 after IL-13 challenge. Data suggest that IL-13 and analysis of IL-13 receptors may have clinical application in glial tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620000110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced-density-matrix theory: The electron-pair approximation (1967)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 7 (1967), S. 410-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On discute la forme de la représentation dans l'espace K∶Γ, de la matricedensité du second ordre pour des fonctions d'onde électroniques; elle dépend fortement de la forme de la fonction d'onde. Pour des fonctions de Hartree-Fook Γ est diagonal, pour des produits antisymétrisés de fonctions géminales fortement orthogonales (APSG) Γ a N/2 blocs idempotents et des termes diagonaux, pour des fonctions d'interaction de configuration Γ est généralement non-diagonal. Une nouvelle preuve des propriétés spéciales de Γ pour les fonctions APSG est donnée. La matrice du second-ordre du développement tronqué de Boys en orbitales naturelles pour 1 S Be est présentée et discutée du point de vue de l'approximation par paires. Les fonctions naturelles a 3 états nécessaires au développement naturel „1–3“ de Be sont aussi données.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Form der K-Raum-Darstellung, Γ, der Zweiermatrix für Elektronenwellenfunktionen, die stark von der Form der Wellenfunktion abhängt, wird diskutiert. Für Hartree-Fock-Funktionen ist Γ diagonal, für antisymmetriesierte Produkte von streng orthogonalen Geminalen (APSG) besteht Γ aus N/2 idempotenten Blöcken plus Diagonaltermen, und für Konfigurationswechselwirkungsfunktionen ist Γ allgemein nicht-diagonal. Für die speziellen Eigenschaften von Γ für APSG's wird ein neuer Beweis gegeben. Die Zweiermatrix der abgebrochenen Entwicklung natürlicher Orbitale der Boys'schen 1 S-Be-Funktionen wird angegeben und im Hinblick auf die Elektronenpaarapproximation diskutiert. Die in der natürlichen 1–3-Entwicklung von Be benötigten 3-Elektronen-Funktionen werden gleichfalls angegeben.
    Notes: Abstract The form of the K-space representation, Γ, of the 2-matrix for electronic wave functions, which depends strongly on the form of the wave function, is discussed. For Hartree-Fock functions Γ is diagonal, for antisymmetrized products of strongly orthogonal geminal (APSG) functions Γ has N/2 idempotent blocks plus diagonal terms, and for configuration interactions functions Γ is generally non-diagonal. A new proof of the special properties of Γ for APSG functions is given. The 2-matrix of the truncated natural orbital expansion of the Boys 1 S Be function is presented and discussed in view of the electron-pair approximation. The natural 3-state functions needed in the “1–3” natural expansion of Be are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00526407
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