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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of mycophenolate mofetil in renal transplant children (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 14 (2000), S. 95-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Mycophenolate mofetil ; Pharmacokinetics ; Transplantation ; Toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed to the active immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid (MPA). The drug is now widely prescribed for adult renal transplant recipients and its use has been extended to pediatric patients, although pharmacological data in this age group are limited. Nine pediatric renal transplant recipients received MMF with corticosteroids and either cyclosporine or tacrolimus a median of 55 months (range 7.5–124 months) months after transplantation. The pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA and MPA glucuronide (MPAG) were determined at steady state by high-performance liquid chromatography after administration of MMF at the oral dose of 494±142 mg/m2 twice daily. MPA was rapidly absorbed, with a peak concentration at 1.4 h. The mean plasma concentration of MPA at steady state was 4.7±1.3 µg/ml. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUCs) over 12 h (between two administrations) were 57.0±15.3 µg.h/ml for MPA and 1,515±722 µg.h/ml for MPAG, and the apparent oral clearance was 11.7±7.0 and 0.5±0.4 l/h for MPA and MPAG, respectively. Assuming that the pharmacokinetics of MPA was dose dependent, the mean concentration at steady state and the AUC for MPA were calculated for the recommended dosage schedule of 600 mg/m2 every 12 h and were 6.3±2.7 µg/ml and 75.2±32.9 µg.h/ml, respectively. The tolerance of MMF was studied prospectively with a follow-up of 1.1±0.2 years. Gastrointestinal disorders requiring dosage reduction or discontinuation of therapy, observed in five of nine patients, occurred at an incidence higher than expected from adult data. Our results suggest that the dose of 600 mg/m2 every 12 h extrapolated from adult data for use in pediatric patients would be associated with plasma levels and AUCs higher than expected and may be associated with a higher incidence of side-effects, primarily gastrointestinal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050020
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of intravenous omeprazole in children (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 47 (1994), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Omeprazole ; pharmacokinetics ; children ; genetic polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was undertaken to define the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in children and included 13 patients, heterogenous in terms of age (0.3 to 19 years), underlying disease and biological constants, indication of omeprazole administration and associated therapy. The dose administered ranged from 36.9 to 139 mg·1.73 m−2. The pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole were: systemic clearance, 0.23 1·kg−1·h−1; volume of distribution, 0.45 1·kg−1; elimination half life 0.86 h; but were highly variable between individuals. Dosage, differences in hepatic and renal function and associated therapy may contribute to inter-individual variability. Within the range of doses administered, the pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to those reported in adults. The drug has been well tolerated in all children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194970
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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