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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In six women with a normal vaginal delivery at term, in 12 women who had a suction curettage between 6 and 12 weeks gestation and in eight women with an ectopic pregnancy, the post-partum or the post-surgery decline in radioimmunoassayable SP1 was faster during the first 24 h after surgery or delivery than later, so that two half-lives were calculated. The first‘half-life’of about 20 h (0–24 h after delivery or surgery) was of the same order of magnitude in all groups studied and corresponded well to previously published values. The mean second‘half-life’(〈24 h after delivery or surgery) was significantly longer in term (72·2 h) and in ectopic pregnancies (64·1 h) than in first trimester pregnancies (45·5 h). These results might indicate that the metabolism of SP1 either changes during pregnancy or that the changing SPlβ/SPlα ratio during pregnancy markedly influences the levels of SP1 as measured by radioimmunoassay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Plasma levels of CA 125 were determined in 113 patients with ovarian cancer of epithelial origin. Of these, 69 patients had CA 125 measured before the first laparotomy and 84.6% of them had a CA 125 level 〉35 U/ml. In 87 of the 113 patients whose tumour was producing CA 125, a good correlation was observed between the CA 125 levels and the clinical follow-up: 95.7% of the patients in remission had levels 〈 35 U/ml, whereas all the patients with no change or with a progressive disease had levels 〉35 U/ml. Furthermore in recurrent disease the levels of CA 125 were also increased (〉35 U/ml) in 92.3% of the patients. Thus, CA 125 measurements at regular intervals are of great clinical value in following the evolution of a tumour or the success of a therapy, but unfortunately do not allow detection of an ovarian tumour at an early stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 93 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. No changes in PAPP-A levels could be detected when plasma samples were obtained every second day throughout the entire menstrual cycle in three healthy women. But when measured every 30 min throughout 12 consecutive hours, in four healthy women, PAPP-A followed a pulsatile pattern which may originate in the endometrium since no PAPP-A pulses were detected in a long-term hysterectomized woman, or in two men. The pulses were not related to levels of oestradiol, progesterone, FSH or LH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A Lyodura sling operation for urinary stress incontinence was performed on 36 patients. The success rate was 89%, when success was defined as absence of objective urine loss at coughing or straining. with full bladder in the upright position and during a Urilos test. at least 6 months after surgery. Full urodynamic assessment, including urethral rest and stress profiles, were performed before, and 6 months after, surgery. Success of the operation depended mainly on enhancement of urethral pressure transmission. Functional length of the urethra and maximal urethral pressure did not influence the success rate. The procedure is especially suitable in patients with some degree of uterine or vaginal prolapse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) have been measured in the plasma of pregnant and non-pregnant women attending the outpatient clinic for suspicion of pregnancy. The plasma concentrations obtained were grouped into intrauterine or extrauterine pregnancies and compared with values obtained in non-pregnant patients with similar periods of amenorrhoea. Patients with ectopic pregnancies had slightly lower PAPP-A levels and significantly lower hCG concentrations than those in women with normal intrauterine pregnancies. Non-pregnant women had very low hCG and PAPP-A levels compared with those in pregnant patients. These data suggest that in patients with extrauterine pregnancies the poorly sustained ectopic trophoblast is unable to produce normal concentrations of hCG and probably PAPP-A and that the slightly diminished levels of PAPP-A in ectopic pregnancies might be derived from a decidual production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Vaginal fluid levels of prolactin (Prl), α-fetoprotein (AFP) and human placental lactogen (hPL) were assayed to investigate their usefulness in the diagnosis of ruptured membranes. Fifty-two patients at term were divided into those with intact membranes, and those with ruptured membranes. In patients with intact membranes the concentration of all three substances was low with few exceptions. The mean vaginal concentrations of the three proteins were significantly higher in patients with ruptured membranes, but low values were also found in this group. It is concluded, that because of the overlap between the values, Prl, AFP and hPL measurements in vaginal fluid do not represent a useful advance in the assessment of rupture of the membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), oestradiol and progesterone levels have been measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma and in endometrial homogenates of 30 women undergoing hysterectomy. Results were grouped according to the histological stages of the endometrium. In plasma, oestradiol and progesterone concentrations changed from proliferative to secretory stages in the well-established pattern of the menstrual cycle, but PAPP-A levels did not change. In endometrium, oestradiol levels were high during the proliferative stage and low in inactive and secretory endometrium. Endometrial PAPP-A and progesterone concentrations increased from inactive to secretory stages, but only the increase in PAPP-A was statistically significant. A positive correlation observed between endometrial PAPP-A concentrations and plasma oestradiol/progesterone ratio suggests a possible hormonal control for the presence of PAPP-A in the uterus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Human placental lactogen (hPL), α-fetoprotein (AFP), prolactin (PRL) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) were measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma, in homogenates of trophoblast, decidua, chorion, amnion and in amniotic fluid from 10 patients after non-complicated term delivery. Plasma samples and homogenates of trophoblast and decidua were also collected from 10 patients undergoing surgical termination of pregnancy between 7 and 12 weeks gestation. In addition, plasma and endometrial samples from 10 patients undergoing hysterectomy for other indications than malignancy were analysed for comparison. The highest tissue concentrations of hPL, AFP and PRL corresponded in each case to the known site of synthesis. For PAPP-A the highest concentration was found in maternal plasma at term [238·8±75·6 (SEM)μg/ml]. The highest tissue concentration was found at term in the decidua (57·0±2·0 μg/g), more than three times higher than that in the trophoblast (16·9±5·4 μg/g). The concentrations of PAPP-A in endometrial samples from non-pregnant women (1·9±0·6 μg/g) was 40 times higher than that in the corresponding plasma samples (0·05±0·02 μg/ml). These observations point to the decidua as a possible source of PAPP-A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The development of a sensitive radioimmunoassay has enabled measurements of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) to be performed from early pregnancy. The present paper compares the plasma concentrations of PAPP-A with the levels of two trophoblastic proteins, human placental lactogen (hPL) and the β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG), with a steroid of fetoplacental origin, total oestriol (total E3), and with a fetal protein, α-fetoprotein (AFP). PAPP-A was also measured in amniotic fluid and in maternal urine. In contrast with the secretion of the other substances studied, which either reach a plateau or even decrease during the last 4 weeks of pregnancy, PAPP-A steadily increased in the maternal circulation from 7 to 40 weeks gestation. It is proposed that PAPP-A production is either not related to placental mass or that PAPP-A is not of trophoblastic origin. The increase of PAPP-A in amniotic fluids parallels the increase in maternal blood; virtually no PAPP-A is excreted in urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 88 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is a recently described glycoprotein of unknown biological function. The development of a radioimmunoassay enabled us to measure plasma levels of PAPP-A and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in 12 non-pregnant volunteers and in 159 women in early pregnancy attending the outpatient clinic for legal abortion. PAPP-A but not hCG was measurable in all non-pregnant women. In pregnant patients (with 36 to 86 days of amenorrhea) hCG reached a peak value (163.1–197.6 ng/ml) between the 9th and the 13th week whereas PAPP-A steadily increased throughout this period of pregnancy. Between the 6th and the 13th week after the last menstrual period, levels of PAPP-A increased proportionally more than hCG. This work provides the first evidence of a PAPP-A production in non-pregnant subjects and the very early marked increase of PAPP-A secretion during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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