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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of growth, exogenous auxin sensitivity, and endogenous indole-3-acetic acid content in roots ofHordeum vulgare L. and an agravitropic mutant (1986)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 24 (1986), S. 839-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: agravitropism ; indole-e-acetic acid (IAA) ; root curvature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The chemically induced barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mutation,agr, was found to be a simple recessive trait resulting in agravitropic roots and normal gravitropic shoots. The total seedling root growth was similar for mutant and wild-type roots, although the mutant had fewer roots per seed and greater elongation per root. Although the concentration of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) required to reduce root growth by 50% (GR50) was 12 times greater for the agravitropic mutant, agravitropic and gravitropic roots were equally sensitive to exogenous applications of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Root IAA contents, determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), were not different for gravitropes and agravitropes. The greater root elongation rates, lack of sensitivity to exogenous IAA, and normal endogenous IAA levels indicate that auxin-controlled growth regulation may be altered in the mutant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554523
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence-tagged-site-facilitated PCR for barley genome mapping (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 1002-1008 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Sequence-tagged-site ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis ; Four-base cutter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Speed, efficiency, and safety considerations have led many genome mapping projects to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence amplification as an alternative to Southern blot analysis. However, the availability of informative primer sequences can be a limiting factor in PCR-based mapping. An alternative to random amplified polymorphism detection (RAPD) is the sequence-tagged-site (STS) approach. If informative primer sequences could be derived from known sequences, then current maps, which are based on both known function and anonymous clones, might be easily converted to maps utilizing PCR technology. In this paper, four pairs of primer sequences were obtained from published sequences, and four pairs were obtained by sequencing portions of DNA clones from genomic clones derived from a random genomic library used in the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project (NABGMP). These primers were used to screen for polymorphisms in the progeny of a winter x spring and a spring x spring barley cross. Two types of polymorphisms were distinguished using these primer sets: (1) insertion/deletion events that could be read directly from agarose gels, and (2) point mutation events. The latter were identified using polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of PCR products following digestion with restriction endonucleases (four-base cutters). To determine whether the PCR-based polymorphisms were allelic to polymorphisms identified by the clones from which the primer sequences derived, chromosomal assignments and (when possible) co-segregation analysis was performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227417
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of β-glucan content and β-glucanase activity loci in barley grain and malt (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 921-927 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: QTL mapping ; β-Glucan ; β-Glucanase Malt barley ; Hordeum vulgare
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic study of β-glucan content and β-glucanase activity has been facilitated by recent developments in quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. QTL for barley and malt β-glucan content and for green and finished malt β-glucanase activity were mapped using a 123-point molecular marker linkage map from the cross of Steptoe/Morex. Three QTL for barley β-glucan, 6 QTL for malt β-glucan, 3 QTL for β-glucanase in green malt and 5 QTL for β-glucanase in finished malt were detected by interval mapping procedures. The QTL with the largest effects on barley β-glucan, malt βglucan, green malt β-glucanase and finished malt βglucanase were identified on chromosomes 2,1,4 and 7, respectively. A genome map-based approach allows for dissection of relationships among barley and malt βglucan content, green and finished malt β-glucanase activity, and other malting quality parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223901
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a microsatellite on chromosomes 6B and a STS on 7D of bread wheat showing an association with preharvest sprouting tolerance (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 336-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Preharvest sprouting ; Microsatellite ; STMS ; STS ; Linkage ; Bread wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  In bread wheat, the transfer of tolerance to preharvest sprouting (PHS) that is associated with genotypes having red kernel colour to genotypes with amber kernels is difficult using conventional methods of plant breeding. The study here was undertaken to identify DNA markers linked with tolerance to PHS as these would allow indirect marker-assisted selection of PHS-tolerant genotypes with amber kernels. For this purpose, a set of 100 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed using a cross between a PHS-tolerant genotype, SPR8198, with red kernels and a PHS-susceptible cultivar, ‘HD2329’, with white kernels. The two parents were analysed with 232 STMS (sequence-tagged microsatellite site) and 138 STS (sequence-tagged site) primer pairs. A total of 300 (167 STMSs and 133 STSs) primer pairs proved functional by giving scorable PCR products. Of these, 57 (34%) STMS and 30 (23%) STS primer pairs detected reproducible polymorphism between the parent genotypes. Using these primer pairs, we carried out bulked segregant analysis on two bulked DNAs, one obtained by pooling DNA from 5 PHS-tolerant RILs and the other similarly derived by pooling DNA from 5 PHS-susceptible RILs. Two molecular markers, 1 STMS primer pair for the locus wmc104 anda STS primer pair for the locus MST101, showed apparent linkage with tolerance to PHS. This was confirmed following selective genotyping of individual RILs included in the bulks. Chi-square contingency tests for independence were conducted on the cosegregation data collected on 100 RILs involving each of the two molecular markers (wmc104 and MST101) and PHS. The tests revealed a strong association between each of the markers and tolerance to PHS. Using nullisomic-tetrasomic lines, we were able to assign wmc104 and MST101 to chromosomes 6B and 7D, respectively. The results also indicated that the tolerance to PHS in SPR8198 is perhaps governed by two genes (linked with two molecular markers) exhibiting complementary interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051241
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage mapping of two mutations that reduce phytic acid content of barley grain (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 141-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Barley ; Mutations ; Phytic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  This study describes the inheritance and linkage map positions of two low phytic acid barley (Hordeum vulgare) mutations, lpa1-1 and lpa2-1, that dramatically reduce grain phytic acid content and increase inorganic seed phosphorus (P). Wide-cross, F2 mapping populations were constructed by mating six-rowed varieties, ‘Steptoe’ and/or ‘Morex’, with two-rowed ‘Harrington’lpa donor lines homozygous for either lpa1-1 or lpa2-1. The barley lpa1-1 mutation showed normal inheritance patterns, whereas a deficiency of homozygous lpa2-1/lpa2-1 F2 plants was observed. We identified a codominant, STS-PCR marker (aMSU21) that cosegregated with lpa1-1 in a population of 41 F2 plants. The aMSU21 marker was then mapped to a locus on barley chromosome 2H, using a North American Barley Genome Mapping Project (NABGMP) doubled haploid population (‘Harrington’בMorex’). We determined that lpa2-1 is located within a recombination interval of approximately 30 cM between two AFLP markers that were subsequently mapped to barley chromosome 7H by integration with the same NABGMP population. Recent comparative mapping studies indicate conserved genetic map orders of several homologous molecular marker loci in maize and the Triticeae species that also show corresponding linkage to the biochemically similar lpa2 mutations of maize and barley. This observation suggests that barley and maize lpa2 mutations may affect orthologous genes. No such evidence for correspondence of the phenotypically similar lpa1 mutations of barley and maize has been revealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050878
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic mapping of the barley nitrate reductase-deficient nar1 and nar2 loci (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 767-771 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; Nitrate reductase ; Linkage ; Mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nar2 locus that codes for a protein involved in molybdenum cofactor function in nitrate reductase and other molybdoenzymes was mapped to barley chromosome 7. F2 genotypic data from F3 head rows indicated nar2 is located 8.4±2.1 and 23.0± 4.6 cm from the narrow leaf dwarf (nld) and mottled seedling (mt2) loci, respectively. This locates the nar2 locus at 54.7±3.1 cm from the short-haired rachilla (s) locus near the centromere of chromosome 7. Close linkage of nar2 with DDT resistance (ddt) and high lysine (lys3) loci was detected but could not be quantified due to deviations from the individual expected 1∶2∶1 segregations for the ddt and lys3 genes. Southern blots of wheat-barley addition lines probed with a nitrate reductase cDNA located the NADH : nitrate reductase structural gene, nar1, to chromosome 6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265603
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biparental inheritance of chloroplast DNA and the existence of heteroplasmic cells in alfalfa (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 545-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Alfalfa ; Biparental plastid inheritance ; Chlorophyll deficient mutants ; ctDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mapping of chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) restriction fragment patterns from a chlorophyll deficient mutant and two phenotypically normal alfalfa genotypes (Medicago sativa L.) has demonstrated the existence of a distinct ctDNA genotype from each source. These unique restriction fragment patterns were utilized to identify maternal or paternal origin of ctDNA in hybrid plants from crosses involving the normal alfalfa genotypes as females and the yellow-green chlorophyll deficient sectors as males. Progeny from these crosses expressing the yellow-green sectored phenotypes contained paternal ctDNA in the chlorophyll deficient sectors and maternal ctDNA in the normal sectors, confirming biparental plastid inheritance. The existence of mixed cells containing both mutant and normal plastids at various stages of sorting-out was observed by transmission electron microscopy of mesophyll cells in mosaic tissue from hybrid plants. This observation verified the biparental transmission of plastids in alfalfa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260905
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of “sequence-tagged-site” PCR products as molecular markers in wheat (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1994), S. 789-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Molecular ; Markers ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an attractive technique for many genome mapping and characterization projects. One PCR approach which has been evaluated involves the use of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). An alternative to RAPDs is the sequence-tagged-site (STS) approach, whereby PCR primers are designed from mapped low-copy-number sequences. In this study, we sequenced and designed primers from 22 wheat RFLP clones in addition to testing 15 primer sets that had been previously used to amplify DNA sequences in the barley genome. Our results indicated that most of the primers amplified sequences that mapped to the expected chromosomes in wheat. Additionally, 9 of 16 primer sets tested revealed polymorphisms among 20 hexaploid wheat genotypes when PCR products were digested with restriction enzymes. These results suggest that the STS-based PCR analysis will be useful for generation of informative molecular markers in hexaploid wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221130
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of barley chromosome-3 yield QTLs in a backcross F2 population using STS-PCR (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 618-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; Headshutter ; Lodging ; QTL ; STS-PCR ; Yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chromosome 3 displayed the two largest yield QTLs in a previous study of 150 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross of Steptoe and Morex barley varieties. Low-copy number RFLP markers, detected using Southern analysis, are excellent tools for generating robust linkage maps as demonstrated by the Steptoe and Morex map produced by the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project (SM NABGMP). However, this technique can be cumbersome when applied to practically oriented plant breeding programs. In the present report, we demonstrate the conversion of RFLPs to more practically useful PCR-based markers that are co-dominant and allelic to the barley chromosome-3 RFLP markers from which they derive. We have used these sequence-tagged-site (STS) PCR markers to evaluate the putative yield QTL components of the Steptoe chromosome 3 in a Morex backcross population. Headshattering, plant lodging, and yield measurements are reported from five replicated field experiments conducted under diverse growing conditions in Montana. Our study detected significant effects for all three traits in a chromosomal region that evidently corresponds to the larger of the two previously reported chromosome-3 QTLs. However, we failed to detect any yield or other effects which might be coincidental to the second largest yield QTL. The genetic effects of the yield QTL identified in our first backcross breeding population show similar magnitude, environmental interactions, and association with lodging and headshattering QTLs observed in the SM NABGMP experiments. Our study elucidates complex environmental conditioning for headshattering and plant lodging which probably underlie the variable yield effects observed under different growing conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417957
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of barley chromosome-3 yield QTLs in a backcross F2 population using STS-PCR (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 618-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Barley ; Headshutter ; Lodging ; QTL ; STS-PCR ; Yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chromosome 3 displayed the two largest yield QTLs in a previous study of 150 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross of Steptoe and Morex barley varieties. Low-copy number RFLP markers, detected using Southern analysis, are excellent tools for generating robust linkage maps as demonstrated by the Steptoe and Morex map produced by the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project (SM NABGMP). However, this technique can be cumbersome when applied to practically oriented plant breeding programs. In the present report, we demonstrate the conversion of RFLPs to more practically useful PCR-based markers that are co-dominant and allelic to the barley chromosome-3 RFLP markers from which they derive. We have used these sequence-tagged-site (STS) PCR markers to evaluate the putative yield QTL components of the Steptoe chromosome 3 in a Morex backcross population. Headshattering, plant lodging, and yield measurements are reported from five replicated field experiments conducted under diverse growing conditions in Montana. Our study detected significant effects for all three traits in a chromosomal region that evidently corresponds to the larger of the two previously reported chromosome-3 QTLs. However, we failed to detect any yield or other effects which might be coincidental to the second largest yield QTL. The genetic effects of the yield QTL identified in our first backcross breeding population show similar magnitude, environmental interactions, and association with lodging and headshattering QTLs observed in the SM NABGMP experiments. Our study elucidates complex environmental conditioning for headshattering and plant lodging which probably underlie the variable yield effects observed under different growing conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050324
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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