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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPLICATION OF ALFAMO- AND ILARVIRUSES: Role of the Coat Protein (2005)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 43 (2005), S. 39-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: In the family Bromoviridae, a mixture of the three genomic RNAs of bromo-, cucumo-, and oleaviruses is infectious as such, whereas the RNAs of alfamo- and ilarviruses require binding of a few molecules of coat protein (CP) to the 3' end to initiate infection. Most studies on the early function of CP have been done on the alfamovirus Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). The 3' 112 nucleotides of AMV RNAs can adopt two different conformations. One conformer consists of a tRNA-like structure that, together with an upstream hairpin, is required for minus-strand promoter activity. The other conformer consists of four hairpins interspersed by AUGC-sequences and represents a strong binding site for CP. Binding of CP to this conformer enhances the translational efficiency of viral RNAs in vivo 40-fold and blocks viral minus-strand RNA synthesis in vitro. AMV CP is proposed to initiate infection by mimicking the function of the poly(A)-binding protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.101804.120505
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overproduction of salicylic acid in plants by bacterial transgenes enhances pathogen resistance (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 779-783 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] After a hypersensitive response to invading pathogens, plants show elevated accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), induced expression of plant defense genes, and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to further infection by a broad range of pathogens. There is compelling evidence that SA plays a crucial ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/77347
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A tobacco mosaic virus-induced tobacco protein is homologous to the sweet-tasting protein thaumatin (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 321 (1986), S. 531-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Poly(A)-containing RNA from TMV-infected Samsun NN tobacco was used as a template to construct a cDNA library; 1,400 transformants were screened by a differential hybridization procedure, using 32P-labelled DNA complementary to poly(A) RNA from healthy or TMV-infected tobacco as probes. Forty ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/321531a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The transmission by nematodes of tobraviruses is not determined exclusively by the virus coat protein (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 101 (1995), S. 535-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Pea early-browning virus ; recombination ; tobacco rattle virus ; Trichodorus ; Paratrichodorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The coat protein gene of the nematode non-transmissible, SP5 isolate of pea early-browning tobravius was replaced with that of the highly nematode transmissible, PPK20 isolate of tobacco rattle tobravirus. Plants were infected with the recombinant virus when mechanically inoculated and the virus invaded the plants systemically. However, although the PPK20 isolate of TRV was transmitted by nematodes from these plants, the recombinant virus was not transmitted. Therefore, the virus coat protein is not the exclusive determinant of nematode transmission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01874478
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of cDNA clones for a virus-inducible, glycine-rich protein from petunia (1990)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 15 (1990), S. 521-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019172
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tobacco proteinase inhibitor I genes are locally, but not systemically induced by stress (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 21 (1993), S. 985-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: pathogenesis-related proteins ; signal transduction ; wound induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA library of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-infected tobacco was screened with polymerase chain reaction products obtained using a degenerate primer corresponding to proteinase inhibitor I (PI-I) of tomato and potato. The resulting clones encoded two highly similar, putative tobacco PI-I proteins, indicating that both genes identified in tobacco are probably expressed. The tobacco PI-I's were approximately 50% identical to wound-inducible potato and tomato PI-I and 80% identical to an ethylene-regulated tomato PI-I. Northern blot analyses indicated that healthy tobacco leaf contains only minor amounts of PI-I mRNA, and that the inhibitor genes are induced by TMV infection, salicylate treatment, ethephon spraying, UV light irradiation and wounding. The results indicate that the tobacco PI-I genes are coordinately expressed with the genes for the basic pathogenesis-related proteins. Contrary to PI-I genes of tomato and potato, wound induction of the tobacco genes occurs only locally; the upper, unwounded leaves do not show any wound-induced PI-I gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023597
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutation of GT-1 binding sites in the Pr-1A promoter influences the level of inducible gene expression in vivo (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 40 (1999), S. 387-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: gene expression ; GT-1 ; PR-1a ; PR proteins ; salicylic acid-induced ; transcription factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Infection of Nicotiana tabacum Samsun NN with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) results in a hypersensitive plant response and leads to systemic acquired resistance (SAR). The induction of SAR is mediated by the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) and is accompanied by the induced expression of a number of genes including the pathogenesis-related (PR) gene 1a. Previously, it has been found that TMV infection and SA treatment resulted in a reduction of binding of nuclear protein GT-1 to far-upstream regions (−902 to −656) of the PR-1a gene. To test if GT-1 is a negative regulator of PR-1a gene expression, the effects of mutations in the seven putative GT-1 binding sites in this region were studied in vitro using dimethyl sulfate interference footprinting and band shift assays. This showed that at least one of the seven sites is indeed a GT-1 binding site. However, when tested in transgenic plants, the mutations did not result in constitutive expression of the chimeric PR-1a/GUS transgene, while inducible expression after SA treatment was decreased. The results suggest that binding of GT-1-like proteins to far-upstream PR-1a promoter regions indeed influences gene expression. A possible model for GT-1's mode of action in PR-1a gene expression is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006144505121
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant-virus-based vectors for gene transfer will be of limited use because of the high error frequency during viral RNA synthesis (1985)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 4 (1985), S. 323-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: mutation frequency ; viruses ; RNA synthesis ; genetic engineering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The error frequency during the RNA replication of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was calculated to be significantly higher than 10−5. It may be expected that RNA synthesis in general will have low fidelity compared to DNA synthesis. The low fidelity of RNA replication will severely restrict the usefulness of vectors for genetic engineering which are based on RNA viruses, viroids or DNA viruses which are replicated via an RNA intermediate (e.g. caulimoviruses). Spontaneous mutants selected by host shift were found to be much less stable than UV-induced mutants. This difference points to variations in fidelity during RNA synthesis, probably due to the local sequence of the template.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418253
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and induction pattern of a novel proteinase inhibitor class II gene of tobacco (1995)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 27 (1995), S. 1197-1204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: pathogenesis-related proteins ; proteinase inhibitor ; signal transduction ; wounding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA and a corresponding genomic clone encoding a protein with partial identity to type II proteinase inhibitors from potato, tomato and Nicotiana alata, were isolated from tobacco libraries. The protein of 197 amino acids contains a putative signal peptide of 24 residues and three homologous domains, each with a different reactive site. The tobacco PI-II gene is not expressed in leaves of healthy plants, but is locally induced in leaves subjected to different types of stress (TMV infection, wounding, UV irradiation) and upon ethephon treatment. As opposed to the analogous PI-II genes of potato and tomato, the tobacco gene is not systemically induced by wounding or pathogenic infection. A far-upstream region in the PI-II promoter, containing various direct and indirect repeats, shares considerable sequence similarity to a similar region in the stress-inducible Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase gene of N. plumbaginifolia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020893
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Open reading frame in the minus strand of two plus type RNA viruses (1982)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 1 (1982), S. 155-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Plant viruses ; RNA structure ; open reading fram ; codon distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Inspection of the nucleotide sequences of the RNAs complementary to the coat protein mRNAs from two plant viruses with a tripartite genome: alfalfa mosaic virus and brome mosaic virus, showed the presence of open reading frames for 138 and 118 amino acids, respectively. A third virus (cowpea chlorotic mottle virus) from the same family (1) does not show this phenomenon. This suggests that if a protein is coded for by the open reading frames it may be not essential for virus multiplication. Alternatively the open reading frames have no coding function but result from structural requirements of the RNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024978
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