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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion source development at GSI : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1079-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Different ion sources are used at GSI to match the requirements for specific tasks at the accelerator. At the standard injector a Penning ionization gauge ion source is used (design ion U10+, m/q〈24, 1 emA). Further development of this source is mainly aiming at an increase of the extractable currents and an increase of the lifetime of the source. The new injector produces the beam by means of an electron cyclotron resonance source (Caprice-type). Here the design ion is U28+, m/q〈8.5, 5 eμA. Clearly, the oven technology is our main development goal. In addition we are trying to improve the extraction flexibility by a moveable accel–decel system. For our high current project ion sources are required which are capable to deliver a beam of several mA even for heavy ions. Design ion here is U4+, m/q〈65, 15 emA. For that application two different types of ion source are used: the multicusp ion sources "cold or hot reflex discharge ion source" and "multicusp ion source" for gaseous ions and the MEVVA source for metal beams. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148638
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of different oven types for sample evaporation in the CAPRICE electron cyclotron resonance ion source : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 651-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The operation of the CAPRICE-type electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) at the high charge state injector of GSI requires a great variety of different ion species (between Z=3 and Z=92) to be delivered to the accelerator. As most of the elements have to be produced from nongaseous materials, oven evaporation has become an elaborate and routinely used technique at GSI. Besides an evaporator for high vapor pressure materials (T≤300 °C) a standard oven system is used for temperatures between 600 °C and 1500 °C. Several modifications of this standard oven have been developed to adapt it to the operating conditions for different materials. The respective characteristics are described and operational experiences are reported. In order to extend the available temperature regime up to 2000 °C, a new type of oven is being developed which completely avoids any ceramics in its high temperature zone. Thus the number of materials accessible for evaporation is considerably extended. First experiences obtained with this high temperature oven are presented. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150338
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metallic ion production with electron cyclotron resonance ion source Caprice : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1368-1370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In cooperation with CEN-Grenoble we developed a high temperature oven for the production of beams from rare and expensive nickel isotopes (62Ni and 64Ni) with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source Caprice-14 GHz. For the first time, nickel has been produced in this way. For an experiment at the Unilac we have provided a stable Ni9+ beam for 40 days with a mean intensity of 25 eμA. The nickel consumption was a few mg per hour and ten ovens have been used for that period. Surprising and promising results were obtained with this oven for the production of uranium beams by using UO2 samples. These results are compared with the "plasma heating'' method. Complementary investigations about the already studied "sputtering'' method are also presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146669
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    14 GHz ECR operating and development at GSI : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1081-1083 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A 14 GHz Caprice ECR ion source is now in operation at the high charge state injector of the Unilac accelerator. Ions with charge to mass ratio ≥0.117 can be accelerated. Performance of the source with Uranium 28+ will be presented. A rebuilt ECR ion source similar to the Caprice operates at a test bench in order to investigate metal ion production and the afterglow operation mode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145069
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status report on ECR ion source operation at the GSI accelerator facilities : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 709-711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Caprice electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source of the high charge state injector (HLI) as standard injection line for the UNILAC at GSI is now in permanent operation during all beam time periods of a year. So the ECR test stand which is equipped with the same version of Caprice mainly has to be used for preparatory work. Ion beams of a great variety of elements are demanded covering beam time periods of up to six weeks. Besides the stable and reliable operation with diverse gases the application of our high-temperature oven has become a standard method for all solid materials attaining a vapor pressure of 10−3 mbar between 800 and 1500 °C. It has been operated not only with pure metal samples but also with especially produced isotopic zinc oxide samples providing a stable beam of 68Zn10+ ions. Alternatively a low-temperature evaporator was constructed for high vapor pressure materials and was used for the production of Se and Zn ions. Experiences gained with the oven and evaporator method will be reported and results will be summarized. In order to investigate and improve ion extraction and beam transport through the low energy beam line under conditions equivalent to the HLI a new ECR injector setup is being built which is equipped with an identical analyzing system. The basic concept of the new setup is described. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148558
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of heavy ion sources at GSI : International conference on ion sources (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 406-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the heavy ion accelerator Unilac Penning ionization gauge (PIG) ion sources are used to deliver multiply charged ions (〈10+) of nearly any element of the periodic table. Typical operational ion currents are given. In the future electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources will play a dominant role for the Unilac. The development of a new 14-GHz ECR ion source for very high charge states (〈28+ ) was carried out by Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Grenoble at Grenoble for a new Unilac injector. For the new heavy ion synchrotron Schwen Ionen synchrotron higher ion currents than those available from the PIG sources are required. The high current source CHORDIS was developed at Gesellschaft für schwerionenforschung (GSI) to deliver singly charged ions in the 10–100 mA range. In comparison to CHORDIS a Metal vapor vacuum arc ion source is being studied at GSI in cooperation with Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Typical operation conditions and ion yields are given for the different ion sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141254
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ECR ion source and spectrometer for the new high charge state injector at GSI : Proceedings of the fourth International Conference on Ion Sources (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 2883-2885 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the new high charge state injector (HLI)at GSI a 14.5 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source of CAPRICE type was built at CEN-Grenoble. Test bench results were obtained prior to installation at HLI for Ar and Fe including emittance data. The HLI installation of the source and the high-resolution spectrometer is described in some detail. First systematic studies for Ar charge state spectra (including gas mixing) are presented. The spectrometer resolution was tested using Xe isotopes. The analyzed beam is very stable and proved to be well suited for injection into the RFQ accelerator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142786
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and Application of the Highway Mapping System of Ohio State University (1995)
    Oxford UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    The @photogrammetric record 15 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Since 1990, the Center for Mapping at Ohio State University has been developing mobile mapping systems to automate and accelerate the collection of digital map data. These systems integrate the global positioning system (GPS) with inertial navigation units and imaging sensors to produce digital geographic data. They are modular and can be installed on various platforms, such as vans, trains and aeroplanes. New developments with the imaging system and the fully integrated data-processing environment are discussed in this article. The stereovision system enables the user to obtain three dimensional co-ordinates of any object in the field of view of the camera. Digital and video images, together with GPS positions, are stored in an object-oriented database, which merges data collected by airborne and terrestrial mapping platforms. Exploiting the enormous amount of information contained in the digital stereoscopic imagery is a challenging topic of current and future research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0031-868X.00012
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