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Modelling of the construction of the Rhône alluvial plain since 15 000 years BP (2001)

Teles, V. ; Bravard, J. P. ; De Marsily, G. ; [et al.]

Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Sedimentology 48 (2001), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3091

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: A numerical model presented here develops a three-dimensional image of alluvial media on an elementary scale significant for groundwater flow modelling. The model was tested on the alluvial plain of the Rhône River (France), on a scale of several kilometres and, from geomorphological observations and dating, reproduced the construction of this alluvial plain from ≈15 000 years BP to the present. The history of the alluvial plain during the Late Glacial and Holocene periods is summarized. Through most of this time, the River Rhône has maintained a braided pattern, with the exception of two incising phases with a meander pattern. The model does not use any physically based equations or water representation. The main processes governing the construction of the plain are modelled by simple rules chosen according to geometrical or empirical laws taken from the literature or as modelling assumptions. Using multi-agent concepts of distribution and interaction of elementary entities, these sedimentary rules are applied to ‘sediment’ entities or to conceptual ‘erosion’ entities that simulate local deposition and erosion of sediments. The sedimentation model reproduces the various climatic periods during which the sediments were deposited by simulating genetic periods and associated modelled processes. For each period, the model was constrained by quantitative field data such as altitude of ancient channels and deposits or thickness of sediments. The general geometry of the alluvial deposits was satisfactorily reproduced. During the simulation, characteristic large-scale features emerge despite the use of local rules. The model results are discussed with reference to other approaches, such as geostatistical or Boolean models, and the applicability of the model to other less documented alluvial plains is outlined.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00419.x

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On-line identification of parameters in a fermentation process (1979)

Bravard, J. P. ; Cordonnier, M. ; Kernevez, J. P. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Biotechnology and Bioengineering 21 (1979), S. 1239-1249

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ISSN: 0006-3592

Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: In a fermentation process, the establishment of gas mass balances provides valuable information and allows both measurements concerning the characteristics of the biomass itself and the monitoring of a cultivation process. If the quantity and oxidation level of substances excreted into the fermentation broth are known or constant, the yield factor and the dry cell-weight production are stoichiometrically related to the quantity of CO2 evolved and to the quantity of O2 consumed. Where frequent measurements of both yield factor and dry cell-weight production are desirable or where rapid adjustment of the parameters is necessary, on-line identification of these parameters is required, An algorithm allowing the identification of the specific growth rate is presented. Moreover, this technique allows one to estimate the percent protein in the biomass during continuous culture.

Additional Material: 4 Ill.