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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ANDROGENS AND ACNE: A NEW METHOD FOR THE SCREENING OF ANTIANDROGENS IN HUMAN SKIN (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 82 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recent work on steroid metabolism in skin is discussed and it is shown that many metabolic transformations involve the 3β− and 17β−hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Histochemical techniques which are used are outlined, and the distribution of the 3β− and 17β−HSD within human sebaceous glands is described. The interesting patchy distribution of 17β-HSD is described and an hypothesis concerning the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris is tentatively put forward. The basis for the use of antiandrogens in human skin is discussed and the definition of an antiandrogen using the histochemical screening method outlined. For the purpose of this paper the term antiandrogen is restricted to substances which directly inhibit certain enzymes of androgen metabolism in a histochemical system at the level of the sebaceous glands. A histochemical method for the screening of antiandrogens using human skin is described and the results with a few compounds reported and compared with the results of bioassay. The advantages and disadvantages of the technique are described and it is emphasized that the method is not intended to be used on its own, but simply as a screening technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb08002.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN SKIN (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 80 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY. A method has been established to estimate semiquantitatively the activity of HSD enzymes and is described in detail. In the main, the method depends on demonstrating NAD-dependent hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by using nitro-BT as a hydrogen acceptor leading to the deposition of blue diformazan particles. The latter are then counted in a sebaceous gland by means of a Wild M20 microscope with a drawing tube attachment. The method is limited in use as a semi-quantitative comparison of enzyme activity in a few adjacent sections of a sebaceous gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12358.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oral carriage of yeasts and coliforms in patients on cytotoxic therapy (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 13 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The oral carriage of yeasts and coliforms in a healthy adult population and a group of patients with malignancies, undergoing cytotoxic therapy was investigated. A quantitative increase in the intra-oral carriage of Candida species and coliforms was observed during cytotoxic therapy. The most frequent yeast and the coliform isolated were Candida albicans and Escherichia coli, respectively. Thus, the oral cavity may constitute a reservoir of potentially pathogenic flora in patients on cytotoxic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1984.tb01438.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SURVEY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF STEROID DEHYDROGENASES IN SEBACEOUS GLANDS OF HUMAN SKIN (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 82 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY.— This paper reports the results of a survey carried out using human skin to investigate the distribution of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 16β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase over the skin surface. In common with other work, sebaceous glands were found in greater numbers in the face, scalp and thoracic region. The enzymes occur at all ages, although there was an apparent increase in activity in the 20–30 age group. The enzymes occur in both sexes, although there is a difference with the 17β-HSD, the enzyme occurring more frequently in male skin biopsies. The enzymes occur in all surface areas of the human body and differences from a previous survey are noted. In particular the enzymes are found in the scalp, the perineal region, the arms, legs and abdomen, as well as the face and chest. The difference between the localization of the 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD within sebaceous glands is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb06097.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVTTY IN HUMAN SKIN (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 80 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY.— The effects of various factors on the histochemical demonstration of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in human skin were examined by a semiquantitative technique of granule counting. The optimum concentration of DHA was found to be 0·1 mg./ml. and of NAD 0·3 mg./ml. Vitamin K and nicotinamide enhanced the histochemical demonstration of the enzyme whereas cyproterone and cyproterone acetate inhibited the reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb11915.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HISTOCHEMICAL DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES IN HUMAN SKIN. (1965)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 77 (1965), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14591.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical Distribution of Alcohol Dehydrogenases in Endocrine Tissue (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 210 (1966), S. 1277-1279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Human term placenta, obtained at Caesarean section, and rat (Royal Wistar) adrenal glands, tostes and ovaries were frozen on solid carbon dioxide and the tissues were prepared and incubated as described by Ferguson1, using the following alcohols (final concentration 2-5 per cent): methanol, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2101277b0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of methotrexate absorption by subdivision of dose (1979)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 3 (1979), S. 235-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparison was made in fasting patients between a single 100 mg oral dose of methotrexate formulated as its sodium salt in a palatable syrup and the same total quantity of drug administered in four divided doses of 25 mg taken at 2-h intervals. Allocation to the order of these treatment schedules was on a random basis. The area under the serum methotrexate concentration-time curve until 50 h was found to be considerably greater after the divided dose regimen, the mean ratio AUC 25 mg x 4/AUC 100 mg being 1.86 (±0.90). There was no significant difference in peak serum methotrexate concentrations or methotrexate half-life estimates between the two regimens, however. The results of this study are consistent with saturation of an intestinal transport process when methotrexate is administered orally in a single large dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254737
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The analysis and animal pharmacokinetics of 1,2,4, triglycidyl urazol using a high-pressure liquid chromatographic technique (1984)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 12 (1984), S. 198-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This article details a procedure for the analysis of TGU by a simple high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Linearity is maintained over the range from zero to at least 30 μg 1,2,4, triglycidyl urazol (TGU). The sensitivity of the assay is 250 ng/ml. A second peak, as yet unidentified, was setected on the chromatogram and probably represents a metabolite of TGU. The pharmacokinetic profile of TGU in Porton mice shows a first-order elimination process t1/2β of 5 min. The apparent volume of distribution is 0.75 ml and the clearance 0.10 ml/min with a elimination rate constant of 0.14 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256546
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical distribution of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in kidney and liver (1965)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 5 (1965), S. 384-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig and sheep kidneys and foetal human, adult male and female human, mouse, rat, hamster and guinea pig livers were examined for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. 3α-Hydroxysteroids were utilised by all tissues, including neonatal mouse kidney, but the 5α-configuration was a more suitable substrate than the corresponding 5β-steroid. Both N.A.D. and N.A.D.P. were suitable cofactors. Only trace 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was demonstrable in renal tissue, however liver possessed a higher level of activity and lanosterol, a precurser of cholesterol, was an especially suitable substrate possibly indicating that the liver is capable of synthesising cholesterol. 6β-Hydroxyprogesterone was poorly utilized by renal and hepatic tissue and N.A.D. was found to be the only cofactor suitable for this reaction. All the tissues, possessed 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. In the kidney, this enzyme occurred in the collecting tubules. It was further noted that in mouse kidney 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was absent at birth but appeared within the first fourteen days. Activity with 11β-hydroxysteroids was observed to be more prominent in the liver of male animals and this pattern was also found with 3α-, 3β-, 16α- and 16β-hydroxysteroids, all of which are confirmed by previous biochemical findings. Renal tissue was not capable of utilizing the 16α-hydroxysteroid in contrast to liver which could use this substrate fairly well. 16β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases were demonstrable in the livers of all species and in all kidneys. The 20β-hydroxysteroid was only poorly utilized by hepatic tissue and not at all by renal tissue. Slight activity was demonstrable with 5α- and 5β-androstans as substrates in liver and the diformazan deposition was presumably due to the action of a steroid reductase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306290
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