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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 47 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Synaptosomes prepared from frozen postmortem human brain accumulated the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the conformationally restricted GABA analogue cis-3-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (ACHC) by a sodium-dependent, temperature-sensitive, high-affinity transport process into an osmotically sensitive compartment. This transport process could be inhibited by GABA analogues (ACHC, 2,4-di-aminobutyric acid, nipecotic acid, arecaidine, guvacine) that have been shown in studies on other species to be relatively selective for neuronal rather than glial uptake systems, whereas the glial uptake inhibitor β-alanine was ineffective. Synaptosomes prepared from frozen postmortem human medulla and spinal cord, but not cerebral cortex, took up the neurotransmitter glycine by a sodium-dependent high-affinity transport process. The kinetic parameters for the high-affinity uptake of GABA, ACHC. and glycine were Km= 10 ± 3, 49 ± 19, and 35 ± 19 μM; and Vmax= 98 ± 15, 84 ± 25, and 5.5 ± 2.5 nmol/min/100 mg protein, respectively. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using human CNS preparations for studying GABA and glycine uptake, and suggest that such studies may be useful neurochemical markers for transmitter-specific presynaptic terminals in health and disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: BTS 74 398 (1-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]−2-(3-diaminethylaminopropylthio)ethanone monocitrate) is a monoamine reuptake inhibitor that reverses motor deficits in MPTP-treated (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) common marmosets without provoking established dyskinesia. However, it is not known whether BTS 74 398 primes the basal ganglia for dyskinesia induction. In this study, the ability of BTS 74 398 to sensitize 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats for the production of abnormal motor behaviours and the induction of striatal ΔFosB were determined in comparison with l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine methyl ester (l-dopa). Acute administration of BTS 74 398 induced a dose-dependent ipsilateral circling response in unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats whereas l-dopa produced dose-dependent contraversive rotation. The ipsilateral circling response to BTS 74 398 did not alter during 21 days of administration. In contrast, l-dopa treatment for 21 days caused a marked increase in rotational response. Repeated administration of both l-dopa and BTS 74 398 increased general motor activity and stereotypic behaviour. In l-dopa-treated rats, orolingual, locomotive, forelimb and axial abnormal movements developed whereas BTS 74 398 produced only locomotion with a side bias but no other abnormal movements. Sensitization of circling responses and the development of abnormal movements in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats have been associated with the potential of dopaminergic drugs to induce dyskinesia. Furthermore, striatal ΔFosB immunoreactivity, shown to correlate with dyskinesia induction, was increased by l-dopa but was unaffected by repeated BTS 74 398 administration. The lack of such changes following repeated BTS 74 398 treatment suggests that it may be an effective antiparkinsonian therapy that is unlikely to produce involuntary movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 78 (1989), S. 53-59 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: [3H]5-HT binding ; human cortex ; calcium chloride ; ascorbic acid ; clorgyline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of different membrane preparations and assay conditions on [3H]5-HT binding to post-mortem human cortical tissue was studied. Optimal binding necessitated thorough removal of endogenous 5-HT and this was achieved either by hypotonic lysis or by preincubation of the membranes at 37
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: D1 receptor binding sites ; D1/D2 antagonists ; dopamine reuptake inhibitors ; ECS ; antidepressant drugs ; rat striatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary [3H]SCH 23390 is a selective high affinity ligand for D1 receptors in vitro. Using this ligand persistent blockade of D1 receptors by SCH 23390 and cis-flupenthixol was shown to significantly increase the number of D1 receptor binding sites in rat striatum. In contrast, repeated administration of the D2-selective antagonist, clebopride, resulted in a small, but significant, reduction in number. No differences in binding affinity were observed and a single dose of these compounds was without effect. The D2-selective antagonist, haloperidol, the non-selective D1/D2 receptor antagonist, chlorpromazine, the dopamine reuptake inhibitors, bupropion, GBR 12909 and nomifensine, and the dopamine releasing agent, d-amphetamine, had no effect on D1 receptors. The antidepressant treatments, desipramine, zimeldine, amitriptyline, tranylcypromine, mianserin and ECS and the monoamine reuptake inhibitor, sibutramine, similarly did not alter striatal D1 sites. Thus, of the treatments investigated only chronic receptor blockade by high affinity antagonists altered D1 receptor binding in rat striatum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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