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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roughness evolution of Cu6Sn5 intermetallic during soldering (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 4916-4921 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The roughness evolution of the Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound during the soldering reaction of 40/60% (by wt %) PbSn solder on Cu and its effects on wettability were studied due to their importance in the reworking of microelectronic components. The roughness parameters investigated were Rrms and the ratio, Rrms/λa, where Rrms is the root mean square roughness and λa is the average distance between asperities. It was found that Rrms increased with soldering time for the range of soldering times studied. The evolution of Rrms was found to follow a parabolic relation with soldering time—which is similar to that observed for the intermetallic thickness. However, the ratio Rrms/λa was found to increase very gradually for the range of soldering times investigated. From the ratio Rrms/λa obtained, the average inclination of the intermetallic morphology was calculated. The average inclination of the Cu6Sn5 intermetallic morphology was found to be greater than the apparent contact angle observed during the wetting of the 40/60% PbSn solder on Cu substrates. This inconsistency was attributed to the difference in the roughness of the Cu6Sn5 intermetallic in the inner regions and at the reaction band at the edge of the solder cap. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371460
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vertical self-alignment of quantum dots in superlattice (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 1809-1811 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Self-alignment of quantum dots separated by spacer layers is investigated by using a three-dimensional finite element method. We find that the morphology of the top islands is not just simply a reproduction of the buried islands. It is dependent on the arrangement of the buried islands, the interruption time, and the spacer layer thickness. If the buried islands are uniform and regular, with appropriate choice of their spacing and aspect ratio and with a thin spacer layer, there exists a regime in which the steady-state top islands are always uniform and regular, vertically aligned, and stable against small perturbations. For a thicker spacer layer, due to the change of the strain energy density distribution on top of the spacer layer, the top islands are misaligned with the buried islands. If the buried islands are not uniform and regular, our simulations demonstrate the top islands may self-assemble into more uniform and regular arrangements. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123093
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interdiffusion of high-Sn/high-Pb (SnPb) solders in low-temperature flip chip joints during reflow (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3635-3637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We carried out experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the transport of Sn in a composite solder joint, comprising of high-Pb and high-Sn (SnPb) alloys, in a chip-composite solder-organic substrate package during the reflow process. Both the experimental and simulation results demonstrate that surface diffusion causes the transport of Sn on the surface to be faster than that inside the solder joint. Surface diffusion also accelerates the homogenization process of the composite solder joint. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125412
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalized correlation of saturated liquid densities (1973)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 18 (1973), S. 241-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je60058a029
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further characterization of the redox and spectroscopic properties of azotobacter vinelandii ferritin
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 51 (1993), S. 745-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-0134
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0162-0134(93)85007-U
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A recombinogenic targeting method to modify large-inserts for cis-regulatory analysis in transgenic mice: construction and expression of a 100-kb, zebrafish Hoxa-11b-lacZ reporter gene (2000)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 210 (2000), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Cis-regulatory sequences ; P1/PAC clones ; Homologous recombination ; Reporter gene ; AbDb-like Hox genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The identification of cis-sequences responsible for spatiotemporal patterns of gene expression often requires the functional analysis of large genomic regions. In this study a 100-kb zebrafish Hoxa-11b-lacZ reporter gene was constructed and expressed in transgenic mice. PAC clone 10-O19, containing a portion of the zebrafish HoxA-b cluster, was captured into the yeast-bacterial shuttle vector, pPAC-ResQ, by recombinogenic targeting. A lacZ reporter gene was then inserted in-frame into exon 1 of the zfHoxa-11b locus by a second round of recombinogenic targeting. Expression of the zfHoxa-11b-lacZ reporter gene in 10.5 d.p.f. transgenic mouse embryos was observed only in the posterior portion of the A-P axis, in the paraxial mesoderm, neural tube, and somites. These findings demonstrate the utility of recombinogenic targeting for the modification and expression of large inserts captured from P1/PAC clones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful treatment of severe streptococcal toxic shock syndrome with a combination of intravenous immunoglobulin, dexamethasone and antibiotics (1997)
    Springer
    Infection 25 (1997), S. 47-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02113510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of service lifetime and performance of a prosthetic thermoplastic (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 1661-1668 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The service lifetime and performance for a prosthetic and orthotic thermoplastic, SubortholenTM, was measured using correlations between artificial and natural weathering degradation data of (1) the accumulated carbonyl compound concentration at the polymer surface, (2) changes in thickness of the surface reaction zone, and (3) changes in hardness and tensile properties. An empirical, mathematical relationship between artificial and natural weathering exposures is presented. Results show that the hardness degradation is a useful parameter to estimate the different stages in clinical performance of Subortholen. Corroborating hardness, tensile properties, and weathering exposure time, the service lifetime for Subortholen was determined to be 4-6 years. This finding indicates that the correlation between artificial and natural weathering degradation may provide an effective way to calculate the most appropriate time to replace a worn prosthetic or orthotic device before the device passes into a dangerous stage. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070581001
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