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  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: Hydrogen-permeation techniques ; coulometric techniques ; hydrogen ; palladium ratio ; hydrogen absorption efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract We describe several electrochemical methods used to investigate the possibility of cold fusion phenomena in palladium and titanium tritide cathodes. We performed long-term (up to 77 days) electrolysis experiments with electrochemical cells of the University of Utah type at current densities as high as 1 A/cm2, while monitoring neutron and tritium levels. With some cells, we pulsed the current to determine if neutron bursts would result. In another cell, we used titanium tritide as the cathode to determine if D-T reactions yielding neutrons would occur. In no instance were levels of neutrons or tritium significantly above background except in the titanium tritide cell where isotopic exchange, occcurring between the electrode and the electrolyte, resulted in significant tritium levels. We also combined x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical hydrogen permeation experiments to determine the effectiveness of various Pd surface treatment procedures on the resultant electrochemical hydrogen absorption efficiency. Electroanalytical and thermal desorption/gas analysis techniques indicated the maximum loading of H in Pd was to a ratio of H∶Pd=0.8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 18 (1992), S. 153-158 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of bismuth were evaporated onto polished Si(100) substrates at substrate growth temperatures which varied between 25 and 100° C. The variations in film morphology observed using the scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope were compared to changes in the optical and electrical properties of the thin Bi films. The optical properties could be modeled using an effective medium approximation, which suggested that the roughness of the films changed with substrate growth temperature. The film roughness appeared to decrease with substrate temperature from room temperature deposition to a minimum roughness at temperatures of ∼70 °C. Higher temperatures again resulted in an increased roughness, which correlated with a change in morphology observed by SEM. The electrical resistance of the samples was not sensitive to roughness changes in the film, but did change abruptly for the higher temperature samples where the morphology was substantially different. The transverse magnetoresistance was sensitive to film structure, increasing with substrate growth temperature up to a maximum substrate temperature of 70 °C before decreasing again at higher temperatures.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 24 (1996), S. 681-686 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The clean single-crystal VC0.75(100) surface, its oxidation, and the stability of the resulting oxide were examined with electron spectroscopy (AES, XPS and UPS), electron diffraction (low-energy and reflection high-energy electron diffraction) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The clean VC0.75 surface exhibits carbon vacancy-related features in valence band spectroscopy data. This surface was exposed to O2 at 500 °C for up to 10 000 Langmuirs. The oxidation leads to the formation of vanadium oxide, VOx(100), crystallites on the VC0.75(100) substrate. The AFM images indicate that oxide crystallites grow with an elongated shape along 〈001〉 type directions. When heated above 1000 °C, the oxide is unstable and a clean VC0.75(100) surface is produced.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 3-6 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Atmospheric corrosion of copper can result in substantial problems for electrical interconnection in microelectronic applications. We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the effects of benzotriazole (BTA), an organic corrosion inhibitor, on atmospheric oxidation and sulfidation of polycrystalline copper in the temperature range 30-200 °C. XPS results demonstrated that BTA was lost depended on the ambient composition. BTA was least stable in sulfur-containing environments, disappearing from the surface at temperatures above 150 °C. BTA was quite stable in pure nitrogen and in a vacuum up to temperatures near 200 °C. This suggests that the loss mechanism involved a chemical reaction rather than solely a thermal process. The BTA-Cu(II) complex existing at room temperature was irreversibly converted into a BTA-Cr(I) complex upon heating above 90 °C in a vacuum.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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