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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of Mediators from Purified Rat Mast Cells during Phagocytosis (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 15 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purified mature rat peritoneal mast cells, on exposure to zymosan or latex beads, phagocytize these particles, although less efficiently than macrophages. During phagocytosis, histamine, β-glucuronidase, and eosinophil chemotactic factor are released from mast cells in a time-, temperature- and dose-dependent fashion. Complement components, cytochalasin B (5 μg/m1, and indomethacin (10-6m). enhanced mediator release, whereas compound BW 755C (20 μg/ml), a cyclooxygenasc and lipoxygenase inhibitor of arachidonate metabolism, totally abolished this process. Phagocytosis of mast cells thus activates imracellular mechanisms that closely resemble those observed with other phagocytic cells. These observations add a new perspective to the role of mast cells in inflammatory events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1982.tb00687.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of mast cell subpopulations (MCT, MCTC) in cutaneous inflammation using novel enzyme-histochemical staining techniques (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 3 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to gain insights into the dynamics of mast cell subpopulations in normal and diseased skin, a novel enzyme-histochemical double and triple staining method was employed that allowed the detection of metachromasia (toluidine blue) and the mast cell proteases tryp-tase and chymase within the same cell. Cryostat sections were used of skin biopsies from the following specimens: normal skin (N=4), psoriasis (N=13), atopic eczema (N=7), lichen planus (N=6), interferon α2a injection sites (N=l) of a leukemic infiltrate and corresponding normal skin of the same patient before and after treatment. (i) Equal numbers of tryptase-and chymase-positive mast cells (MCTC) were obtained in all normal and diseased specimens in papillary and reticular dermis, with threefold increases around appendages, (ii) Tryptase-positive mast cells (MCT) were absent in normal skin, but were markedly increased in a disease-specific pattern within the papillary dermis, the inflammatory infiltrate and around appendages, (iii) Marked increases of MCT were also noted at interferon injection sites within the leukemic infiltrate, but not in the normal skin of the same patient. These data suggest that disease-dependent mast cell dynamics involve only MCT in cutaneous inflammation and that MCT numbers are controlled by distinct, disease-specific local tissue factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1994.tb00291.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High response rate to additive-free diet in chronic urticaria (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07971.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thrombin and melittin activate phospholipase C in human HaCaT keratinocytes (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 5 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Following the activation of specific receptors, phospholipase C has been shown to cleave the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate into the 2nd messengers inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and di-acylgiycerol. Both 2nd messengers contribute to the regulation of cellular proliferation. The receptor for bradykinin is coupled to this pathway in keratinocytes, but knowledge about other activators of phospholipase C is limited. Additional mediators and agents were therefore examined regarding their ability to activate phospholipase C in HaCaT keratinocytes. Analysis for 3H-inositol phosphates was performed by anion-exchange HPLC. Thrombin and melittin induced a time- and dose-dependent release of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Several other mediators examined such as angiotension II, neurotensin, C3a, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, phenylephrin, and prostaglandin E2, did not induce the formation of inositol phosphates. In view of the mitogenic activity and the increased formation of thrombin after tissue injury, the coupling of the thrombin receptor to phospholipase C in HaCaT keratinocytes suggests a rôle of this protease in epidermal wound healing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1996.tb00099.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacological modulation of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by the H1-antagonist decarboethoxy-loratadine and dexamethasone by human mast and basophilic cell lines (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mast cells and basophils are central effector cells of allergic reactions and are involved in inflammatory diseases. These cell types produce an array of mediators including a broad spectrum of cytokines. In order to examine whether antiallergic drugs modulate the release of these mediators, we have investigated the influence of dexamethasone and decarboethoxy-loratadine (DEL), the active metabolite of the H1-blocking agent loratadine, on the release of IL-6 and IL-8 by the human mast cell line HMC-1 and the human basophilic cell line KU812 by ELISA. Dexamethasone (10−6-10−11 M) or Del (10−5-10−14 M) were added to the cells either 1 h prior to or simultaneously with PMA and Ca-ionophore A23187. When preincubated with the cells, DEL dose-dependently suppressed IL-6 release by up to 40% and IL-8 release by up to 50%. Dexamethasone potently suppressed secretion of both cytokines if simultaneously added to the cells with the stimuli by up to 60% and after preincubalion by up to 80%. Since both antihistamines and glucocorticoids are used for treatment of allergic diseases, the findings reported here indicate that these drugs may modulate allergic reactions via inhibition of cytokine release from mast cells and basophils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1995.tb00257.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-6 expression in the skin of patients with lupus erythematosus (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has been proposed that interleukin-6 may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases like lupus erythematosus. We have therefore investigated the immunoreactivity of IL-6 in 32 skin biopsies of 23 patients suffering from chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (n=16), subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (n=5) and systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 5) as well as in uninvolved skin (n = 6) and in normal skin from healthy volunteers (n = 3). Increased immunohistochemical staining was detectable in 14 of 26 biopsies from lesional skin. The remaining biopsies from lesional, non-lesional and normal skin displayed only minimal or no reactivity, but 8 out of 12 lupus erythematosus patients had been pretreated with local or systemic antiinflammatory drugs. Irrespective of the LE subtype, immunolabelling was generally most intense in the basal layer of the epidermis, with additional intense suprabasal staining in sections from 2 of 5 SLE patients. Preferential production of IL-6 in the lower parts of the epidermis was confirmed by RNA in situ hybridization. No correlation was found between the deposition of immuno-globulins and complement at the dermo-epidermal junction and IL-6 expression in keratinocytcs. These data suggest that IL-6 may be involved in LE although its exact role in the pathogenesis of the disease needs to be further elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1995.tb00222.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI) on Langerhans cells of oral mucosa (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 2 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Langerhans cells in the skin have recently been shown to bind IgE molecules via a high-affinity IgE receptor. Using two specific antibodies, 29C6 and 6F7, against the α-chain of the high-affinity IgE receptor we here demonstrate that Langerhans cells express this receptor in oral mucosa. A specific antibody. Tül, against the low-affinity IgE receptor showed only low expression of this receptor. High-affinity binding for IgE may be important for induction and support of Langerhans cell-dependent transepithelial IgE-mediated allergic reactions and inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00025.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro Generation of Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor from Human and Murine Mononuclear Phagocytes (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 13 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Low molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF), which has previously been demonstrated in mast cells, basophils, neutrophils and eosinophils, was shown to be released by several types of mononuclear phagocytes. Highly purified rat peritoneal macrophages and human monocytes produced ECK on stimulation with the calcium ionophore A23187 (Ion) and with phagocytic stimuli in a time-dependent fashion, whereas lymphocyte- or mast cell-specific stimuli were ineffective. Two murine macrophage lines and a fibroblast cell line (L cells) also generated and secreted ECF with the different stimuli. ECF from macrophages was similar to that from neutrophils in its target cell specificity (eosinophils and neutrophils) and its elution profile on Sephadex G-Hl columns (300–500 dalton). ECF secretion from monocytes was not affected by mitomycin C or cycloheximide, whereas indomethacin enhanced and a phospholipase A inhibitor decreased its production. These in vitro findings suggest that, through LCF, mononuclear phagocytes may potentially regulate eosinophil and neutrophil influx to sites of inflammatory reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1981.tb00164.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β2-integrins in different forms of urticaria (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 133 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: As urticarial lesions involve tissue invasion by inflammatory cells, and as β2-integrins play a central part in adhesion of leucocytes to endothelia, allowing their migration into the tissues, we have explored the distribution and sequential expression of these molecules in tissue sections from different forms of urticaria.Prick test weals (of 10 min duration) to common inhalant allergens showed only a minor increase of CD18, whereas in a case of cold urticaria CD11b and CD18 molecules were increasingly upregulated within the first 30 min after elicitation of the lesions. Skin test sites in delayed pressure urticaria, and urticarial esions (〉 6 h duration) of acute and chronic recurrent urticaria also showed marked upregulation of CD11b and CD18, and to a lesser extent of CD11a, but this did not strongly correlate with the intensity of the mixed cellular infiltrate. Non-lesional skin showed expression of β2-integrins in chronic urticaria, delayed pressure urticaria, and less so in acute urticaria, suggesting generalized leucocyte activation. This analysis of integrins thus suggests an early and extensive involvement of these molecules in the pathological events associated with the evolution of urticarial lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02491.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late cutaneous reactions to common allergens in patients with delayed pressure urticaria (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 117 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 13 patients with delayed pressure urticaria (DPU) and in seven patients with chronic recurrent urticaria (CRU), prick tests were performed with a large battery of common allergens, including food extracts. Seven patients with DPU and all patients with CRU had positive early cutaneous reactions (15 min) (ECR), while six of the DPU and only one of the CRU patients had positive late cutaneous reactions (6h) (LCR). In the CRU patients, food allergens caused a positive ECR in one and no LCR in any of the cases, while two DPU patients had ECR and four had LCR to food allergens. The one patient with CRU and a positive LCR reacted to fungi, while of the DPU patients, five had LCRs to fungi, two to other inhalants, three to NaCl and one to histamine. None of the DPU patients lost their delayed pressure reactivity while on a diet lacking the food allergens to which they gave positive reactions.These results show that DPU patients have more frequent LCR than do CRU patients. They do not, however, confirm earlier reports claiming that the majority of DPU patients are allergic to food allergens and that their disease can be cured by elimination of the offending agents from their diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb07348.x
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