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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Wallerian degeneration ; Brain, MR studies ; Brain anatomy ; Optic radiations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of wallerian degeneration can be demonstrated by MRI as abnormal signal along the course of the degenerate fibres; they have previously been reported in the corticospinal tract. We report two cases of wallerian degeneration of the right optic radiations due to lesions of the right lateral geniculate body. The anatomy and the MRI visibility of the normal optic radiations are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 40 (1998), S. 727-733 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria ; Brain ; magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The MRI findings in 7 patients with L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria (L-2-OHG aciduria) are described and compared with previous neuroradiological reports and the only three published pathological cases. Signal abnormalities involved peripheral subcortical white matter, basal ganglia and dentate nuclei. Cerebellar atrophy was present. Although similar appearances may be seen in other metabolic disorders, the distribution of signal abnormalities in L-2-OHG aciduria is highly characteristic and may suggest the correct diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Dystrophy ; infantile neuroaxonal ; Brain ; magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the imaging findings in 11 patients with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy. Ten patients underwent 15 MRI examinations; one patient had only CT. Of the ten patients who underwent MRI, eight had cerebellar atrophy and mildly increased signal from the cerebellar cortex on T2-weighted images. With T2 weighting there was slightly increased signal from the dentate nuclei in two patients and from the posterior periventricular white matter in three. We saw four patients with a thin optic chiasm. The only two brothers in the series had markedly low signal from the globus pallidus and substantia nigra on 1.5 T T2-weighted images, as seen in Hallervorden-Spatz disease (HSD). Abnormalities of the globus pallidus may be related to a protracted course of the disease. However, an overlap with HSD should be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: neuronal migration disorder ; double cortex ; band heterotopia ; epilepsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Descrivìamo le caratteristiche cliniche ed elettroencefalografiche di tre giovani pazienti, di sesso femminile, nei quali la Risonanza Magnetica ha documentato la presenza di eterotopia a banda, un disordine diffuso della migrazione neuronale, denominato anche sindrome della doppia corteccia. Il quadro clinico era caratterizzato dall'associazione di epilessia e ritardo mentale, associazione già riportata in letteratura nei pazienti con la sindrome della doppia corteccia. L'espressività clinica dell'epilessia (Sindrome di Lennox-Gastaut in un caso, epilessia parziale sintomatica in due), la risposta ai farmaci antiepilettici e la gravità del ritardo mentale erano molto diverse nelle tre pazienti. Non è stata peraltro osservata una chiara relazione tra il quadro clinico e la severità del disordine della migrazione neuronale evidenziato dalla Risonanza Magnetica. Lo studio EEG ha evidenziato, quali caratteristiche comuni ai tre casi, la presenza di anomalie epilettiformi multifocali che tendono a diffondere bilateralmente e di attività rapida di ampio voltaggio prevalente sulle regioni anteriori, composta in 2 casi con scariche di punta ripetitive.
    Notes: Abstract We describe three female patients (aged 10, 11 and 21 years) with a Magnetic Resonance appearance of band heterotopia, a diffuse neuronal migration disorder, also known as double cortex syndrome. The clinical picture was characterized by the association of epilepsy and mental retardation in all three cases, as has been previously described in patients with double cortex syndrome. The epileptic syndrome (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in one case, and symptomatic partial epilepsy in the other two), the response to medical treatment, and the severity of mental retardation were markedly different in the three patients. No clear-cut relationship was found between the clinical picture and the severity of the neuronal migration disorder, as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging. In the three cases, EEG shares some common features: multifocal epileptic activity with frequent bilateral diffusion, and highamplitude anterior fast activity, intermingled in two patients with bursts of repetitive spikes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 21 (2000), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Key wordsL-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Leukodystrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a rare inborn error of metabolism, marked by a large and persistent increase of L-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in urine, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We present clinical, biochemical and neuroradiological findings of seven Italian patients aged 4–19 years presenting at different stages of the disease. The disorder was characterized by a progressive neurological syndrome with cerebellar and pyramidal signs, mental deterioration, epilepsy and subcortical leukoencephalopathy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We observed a good correlation between the severity of the disease and the extent of lesions on MRI. We report the result of the first positive prenatal diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 21 (2000), S. S71 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Key words Magnetic resonance imaging ; Progressive encephalopathy ; Brain atrophy ; White matter ; Cerebral cortex ; Basal ganglia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) demonstrates cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, T2-hyperintensity of the lobar white matter and thinning of the cerebral cortex. The association of these findings, although non specific, can be observed in all the different forms of NCL, narrows the differential diagnosis of the infantile progressive encephalopathies and may suggest the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 16 (1995), S. 321-325 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: tuberculosis ; spondylitis ; epidural space ; discitis ; spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Riportiamo un caso di spondilodiscite tubercolare L1-L2 complicato da un ascesso epidurale sviluppatosi in sede anteriore al midollo ed esteso in senso craniale fino al livello cervicale inferiore. Il trattamento antitubercolare ha comportato un miglioramento dei lievi segni clinici di sofferenza midollare; tuttavia, dopo sette mesi di terapia, i reperti di risonanza magnetica erano sostanzialmente invariati. Un tentativo di decompressione e drenaggio chirurgico dell'ascesso è risultato infruttuoso a causa della presenza di tessuto fibroso cicatriziale.
    Notes: Abstract We report the case of a patient with tuberculous L1-L2 spondylo-discitis complicated by a spinal epidural abscess which extended anteriorly to the cord up to the low cervical level. Mild signs and symptoms of spinal cord involvement improved with antituberculous therapy; however, after seven months of therapy, the MRI appearance of the abscess findings was unchanged. An attempt at surgical decompression and drainage of the abscess was unsuccessful because of the presence of dense scar tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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