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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 87.50.Hj ; 42.55.Rz ; 87.90.+y
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Plasma-mediated ablations of brain tissue have been performed using picosecond laser pulses obtained from a Nd:YLF oscillator/regenerative amplifier system. The laser pulses had a pulse duration of 35 ps at a wavelength of 1.053 µm. The pulse energy varied from 90 µJ to 550 µJ at a repetition rate of 400 Hz. The energy density at the ablation threshold was measured to be 20 J/cm2. Comparisons have been made to 19 ps laser pulses at 1.68 µm and 2.92 µm from an OPG/OPA system and to microsecond pulse trains at 2.94 µm from a free running Er:YAG laser. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed to judge the depth and the quality of the ablated cavities. No thermal damage was induced by either of the picosecond laser systems. The Er:YAG laser, on the other hand, showed 20 µm wide lateral damage zones due to the longer pulse durations and the higher pulse energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 68 (1985), S. 335-344 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents Due to their small dimensions capacitive field probes (D-, $$\dot D$$ -sensors) permit measurement of transient electric fields and voltages with subnanosecond risetimes. These probes can be used in conductive and nonconductive media. The evaluation of their transfer characteristics includes error estimates for probes with distributed parameters. Realisation and calibration of probes for both, electric-field and voltage measurements is discussed and examplified by two probes for liquid and gaseous dielectrics.
    Notes: Übersicht Kapazitive Feldsensoren ( $$\dot D$$ -,D-Sensoren) eignen sich aufgrund ihrer geringen räumlichen Ausdehnung für die Messung transienter elektrischer Felder und Spannungen bis in den Subnanosekundenbereich. Die Sensoren können in leitenden und nichtleitenden Medien eingesetzt werden. Ausgehend von der Signaleinkopplung erfolgt eine Untersuchung des Sensorübertragungsverhaltens mit Fehlerabschätzungen für Sensoren, deren räumliche Ausdehnung nicht mehr vernachlässigt werden darf. Überlegungen zur Realisierung und Kalibrierung der Sensoren für Feld- und Spannungsmessungen werden durch die Darstellung zweier Sensoren für flüssigkeits- bzw. gasisolierte Anordnungen ergänzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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