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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of enteric-coated, low-dose aspirin on parameters of platelet function (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Aspirin is widely used as an anti-thrombotic drug; however, it has been suggested that enteric-coated formulations of aspirin may be less bioavailable and less effective as anti-thrombotic agents.Aim : To assess the effect of a formulation of enteric-coated, low-dose (81 mg) aspirin on serum generated thromboxane B2 and platelet aggregation in healthy subjects.Methods : Twenty-four subjects participated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multiple-dose study. Twelve subjects in each of two groups received a daily oral dose of enteric-coated aspirin (81 mg) or matching placebo for 7 days. Serum thromboxane B2 and platelet aggregation (using 1 mm arachidonic acid and 1 µg/mL collagen as agonists) were measured 1–3 days prior to day 1, on day 1 (prior to therapy) and 4 h after the last dose on day 7.Results : After seven daily doses of enteric-coated aspirin, the mean percentage inhibition from baseline of ex vivo generated serum thromboxane B2 was 97.4%, compared with a 7.8% increase after placebo treatment. The mean percentage inhibition of arachidonic acid- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation was 97.9% and 70.9%, respectively, following enteric-coated aspirin, compared with − 1.0% and 2.7%, respectively, after placebo.Conclusions : The anti-platelet effects of multiple, daily, low-dose aspirin (as assessed by inhibition of serum thromboxane B2 and platelet aggregation) are not adversely affected by enteric coating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01332.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ex vivo assays demonstrate potency and selectivity of the COX-2 inhibitor DFP after single dose administration (1999)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 48 (1999), S. 130-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050552
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics, COX-2 specificity, and tolerability of supratherapeutic doses of rofecoxib in humans (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Rofecoxib ; Pharmacokinetics ; COX-2 specificity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Prostaglandin synthesis is catalyzed by a constitutive cyclo-oxygenase isoform (COX-1) and an inducible isoform (COX-2). It is hypothesized that the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nonspecific COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors) such as ibuprofen principally derive from COX-2 inhibition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate steady-state pharmacokinetics, biochemical selectivity and tolerability of rofecoxib (VioxxTM), characterized in vitro as a COX-2 inhibitor. Methods: Four panels of healthy men (n=8 per panel) were administered rofecoxib (n=6) (25, 100, 250, 375 mg) or placebo (n=2) once daily on day 1 and days 3–14. Blood samples for assays of rofecoxib plasma concentration and COX isoform activity were obtained pre-dose and at specified time points post-dose. Results: Rofecoxib pharmacokinetics were found to be complex and nonlinear. Elimination half-life ranged from 9.9 h to 17.5 h after multiple dosing with an accumulation ratio close to 2 for all doses. COX-2 inhibitory activity as assessed by average inhibition of whole blood lipopolysaccharide-stimulated prostaglandin E2 over the 8-h post-dose period on day 14 was 0.3, 67, 96, 92 and 96% for the placebo and the 25-, 100-, 250- and 375-mg treatment groups, respectively. No treatment group showed significant inhibition of COX-1 as assessed by thromboxane B2 generation in clotting whole blood. Side effects were mild and transient. Conclusion: The results indicate that rofecoxib is a potent and specific inhibitor of COX-2 in humans even at doses more than tenfold higher than those associated with efficacy in patients with osteoarthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050736
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma concentrations and effect on testosterone metabolism after single doses of MK-0434, a steroid 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, in healthy subjects (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 123-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Steroid 5α-reductase inhibitor ; Testosterone metabolism ; MK-0434 ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A four-period, two-panel, single-rising-dose study (0.1–100 mg) was conducted in healthy males to investigate the pharmacodynamics, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of MK-0434, a steroid 5α-reductase inhibitor. MK-0434 was associated with a significant reduction in dihydrotestosterone, which was maximal at 24 h and maintained through 48 h post treatment. The maximum reduction was approximately 50 % and occurred at all doses above 5 mg (10, 25, 50 and 100 mg). MK-0434 appeared to have no effect on serum testosterone at these single doses. Rising single doses of MK-0434 were associated with an increase in Cmax and AUC but the changes were less than proportional to dose, most likely due to nonlinear absorption. MK-0434 given in single doses up to 100 mg was without significant adverse effects in healthy male volunteers. In summary, MK-0434 is a well-tolerated, potent, orally active 5α-reductase inhibitor in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199874
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moexipril does not alter the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 291-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Moexipril ; Warfarin ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; drug-interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The potential effect of moexipril, a new converting enzyme inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of warfarin has been investigated. Ten healthy male volunteers received in a randomised crossover fashion a single oral dose of 50 mg warfarin sodium alone and together with the first dose of 6 days of oral treatment with moexipril 15 mg o.d. Mean oral plasma clearance of (R)-warfarin was 175 ml·h−1 in the absence and 181 ml·h−1 in the presence of moexipril, and the corresponding values for (S)-warfarin were 248 ml·h−1 and 249 ml·h−1. Apparent volume of distribution, peak plasma concentration, time to reach peak concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve both of (R)- and (S)-warfarin were not significantly affected. Moexipril did not alter the maximum prothrombin time (20.3 versus 20.1 s, respectively in the absence and presence of moexipril), time to maximum response (48.0 versus 50 h) and area under the prothrombin time versus time curve. The results suggest that a clinically important interaction between moexipril and warfarin is unlikely to occur in patients treated with both drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315400
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma drug profiles and tolerability of MK-571 (L-660,711), a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist, in man (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 427-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: MK-571 ; LTD4 receptor antagonist ; tolerability ; plasma profiles ; enantiomer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the tolerability and plasma drug profiles of a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist, MK-571, given intravenously and as an oral solution in two separate trials. Study I (i.v.) involved 2 panels of 6 healthy men in a double-blind, alternating, incrementally increasing dose study with single doses up to 1500 mg. There was good tolerability at all doses. Plasma was assayed stereospecifically by HPLC for the S(+) and R(−) enantiomers of MK-571. For each enantiomer AUC values increased more than proportionately with increasing dose, suggesting nonlinear kinetics. The S(+) enantiomer was cleared more rapidly than the R(−) enantiomer. The apparent initial volume of distribution was less than 101 for both enantiomers. Study II (oral) involved 18 healthy subjects in 3 parallel groups who took multiple oral doses of 100, 300, and 600 mg t. i. d. for 31 doses. MK-571 administration was well tolerated, with only mild to moderate gastrointestinal discomfort at the highest dose. Total MK-571 (plasma samples assayed nonstereoselectively) was rapidly absorbed after oral administration, reaching peak concentrations at 1–2 h. Mean 8 h AUC increased from dose 1 to dose 31 in all subjects at all doses, suggesting a modest extent of accumulation (about 50 %) of total MK-571 in plasma with a t. i. d. dosage regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220621
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose-dependent kinetics of the enantiomers of MK-571, an LTD4-receptor antagonist (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 431-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: MK-571, LTD4-receptor antagonist ; MK-0679, L-668,018, pharmacokinetics, enantiomers, healthy volunteers, pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disposition of the enantiomers of MK-571 (MK-0679 and L-668,018) following single i. v. doses of MK-571 (L-660,711) was studied in a three way cross-over study in 12 healthy male volunteers. Each volunteer received 75 mg, 300 mg and 600 mg i. v. doses of MK-571 at weekly intervals. The disposition of both enantiomers appeared dose-dependent, since the AUC increased disproportionately faster than the dose. The dose dependency was much more pronounced for L-668,018: its AUC increased 6-fold from the 75 to the 300 mg dose, 16-fold from 75 to 600 mg and 2.7 fold from 300 to 600 mg. For MK-0679, the corresponding increases in AUC were 4.8-, ll-, and 2.3 fold. Regardless of dose, the elimination of L-668,018 was more rapid than that of MK-0679. The disposition of MK-0679 needs to be investigated independently to detect any potential influence of L-668,018 on its disposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220622
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