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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A binomial Langevin model for turbulent mixing (1991)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 3 (1991), S. 3034-3037 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A Langevin model with binomial random diffusion replacing the classical Wiener process is proposed to model the turbulent mixing of a scalar convected by a field of statistically homogeneous turbulence. A Monte Carlo simulation is performed. The results display an excellent agreement with existing data from the numerical experiment of Eswaran and Pope [Phys. Fluids 31, 506 (1988)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857847
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A binomial sampling model for scalar turbulent mixing (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 1204-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The closure problem generated by the molecular mixing term in the turbulent convection of scalars is studied. The statistical average of this term both in moment formulations and in the probability density function (pdf) approach implicitly encloses the turbulence straining action on scalar gradients leading to a significant enhancement of the molecular dissipative effects. Previous pdf model equations are examined in terms of cumulants evolution and reasons for their failure are diagnosed. A new noninteractive model is proposed, combining a linear mean square estimation (LMSE) deterministic subprocess affecting all the Monte Carlo particles, used to represent the pdf, and a binomial sampling acting on a fraction of them. The scalar lower and/or upper bounds are naturally considered in the formulation. For unbounded scalars, or when the scalar standard deviation is much smaller than the absolute value of the difference between the bounds and the scalar mean, the binomial sampling tends to a Gaussian one. The extension of this model to investigate the joint statistics of velocity and scalars is also considered. Numerical results for the homogeneous turbulent mixing of one scalar with initial values of either 0 or 1 are presented. The evolution of the first four moments and the pdf is qualitatively reasonable. The correct asymptotic Gaussian state is predicted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857621
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of cloned cDNA probes for diagnosis of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus infections (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 17 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A dot-blot hybridization test has been developed for the detection of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in infected fish. For this purpose, cloning of the dsRNA of the West Buxton strain of IPNV was carried out. Two cDNA clones (WB and A4) were characterized for use as diagnostic probes and corresponded to IPNV genome segments A and B. respectively. Clone WB1, with an insert of 812 base pairs, showed an 87 and 77% nuclcotidc sequence homology with the corresponding sequences of Jasper and N1 strains, respectively. Clone A4, with an insert size of 596bp, presented a nuclcotidc sequence homology of 90 and 80% with the corresponding sequences of the Jasper and Sp strains, respectively. Both probes were able to detect 15 ng of purified dsRNA, and were highly efficient in detecting the RNA of American IPNV strains. However, the A4 probe was less effective than WB1 in hybridizing to RNA from European and Spanish strains of IPNV. Both probes detected IPNV RNA in cells 4–8h post-infection with the homologous West Buxton strain, 8–12h post-infection with other American strains and 24h post-infection with the European strains of IPNV. The method was less sensitive in detecting IPNV RNA directly in infected fish tissues. However, the present authors obtained a 100% effectiveness to detect viral RNA in cells inoculated with fish tissues confirmed by conventional diagnostic methods as being infected with IPNV. Therefore, the hybridization test is appropriate if combined with conventional diagnostic procedures, e.g. applying the dot blot hybridization test on tissue cultures 12–24 h after inoculation with infected fish tissue homogenates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1994.tb00341.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigenic relationships among rotaviruses isolated from fish (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 15 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. An antigenic comparison of five rotaviruses isolated from fish in Spain, the USA and Canada was carried out using neutralization, immunodot and ELISA tests. The Spanish isolate (turbot rotavirus) was serologically different from the other four rotaviruses, by neutralization and immunodot. By these two techniques, among the four American strains the two isolates from Canada (smelt rolavirus and Atlantic salmon rotavirus) were closely related antigenically, and the two strains from USA (striped bass rotavirus and the Hetrick & Baya rotavirus, isolated from salmon) seemed to be the same scrotype. These results were supported by those obtained in the comparison of the RNA patterns of the five viruses. However, the antigenie relationships among these rotaviruses were very different when employing the ELISA technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1992.tb00633.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation in cell culture and detection by PCR-based technology of IPNV-like virus from leucocytes of carrier turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.) (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A non-destructive procedure was utilized to determine the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) status of an apparently healthy turbot broodstock. Blood samples were used to detect IPNV by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Southern blot hybridization and nested PCR. In addition, viral isolation from turbot leucocytes was performed. Around 22% of the fish were IPNV positive by RT-PCR, and this increased to close to 60% when nested PCR was performed. The present report supports the use of blood samples for the detection of IPNV-like viruses in brood fish. In addition, we demonstrate that it is possible to isolate the virus from the blood of carrier fish, as a non-lethal detection method, although it is much less sensitive than RT-PCR and nested PCR as a IPNV-like strain was isolated from only five of the 15 blood sample pools assayed. The viral isolate was identified as type Dry Mills (genogroup I) by means of restriction fragment length polymorphisms and DNA sequencing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00675.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of subsonic air wakes behind a flat plate (1999)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 26 (1999), S. 478-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Acetone vapor planar laser-induced fluorescence has been used to visualize the structure of a subsonic air wake behind a flat plate. Longitudinal and transversal wavelengths have been directly measured from the acquired images. The ratio between them has been calculated to be 2/5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050313
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Statistically Conditioned Averaging Formalism for Deriving Two-Phase Flow EquationsDedicated to Professor Kurt Leschonski on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 191-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A statistical formalism overcoming some conceptual and practical difficulties arising in existing two-phase flow (2 PHF) formulations and modelling techniques is introduced. Basic theorems for the case of dispersed 2 PHF are presented. Phase interaction terms with a clear physical meaning enter the equations and this formalism provides some guidelines to avoid closure assumptions or to close those terms rationally. Continuous phase averaged continuity, momentum, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulence dissipation rate equations can be rigorously and systematically obtained with this methodology in a single step. These equations display a structure similar to that for single-phase flows. It is also assumed that the dispersed phase is well described by a "Boltzmann-type" equation and Eulerian "continuity", momentum and fluctuating kinetic energy equations for the dispersed phase are obtained. A k-ε turbulence model for the continuous phase is used. A gradient transport model is adopted for the dispersed phase fluctuating fluxes of momentum and kinetic energy. Closure assumptions are proposed for the phase interaction terms. This model is then used to predict the behaviour of an axisymmetric turbulent jet of air laden with solid particles varying in sizes and concentrations. Numerical results compare reasonably well with available experimental data.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070133
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