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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wallerian degeneration of peripheral nerve (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 55 (1981), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Wallerian degeneration ; Peripheral nerves ; Lipids ; Age dependence ; Myelin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The age-dependent loss of the major peripheral nerve lipids (cholesterol, phospholipid, and total galactolipid) was quantitated over a period of 9 weeks of Wallerian degeneration induced by surgical transection of rabbit sciatic nerves in animals of several ages. Proportionate losses of these lipids were determined by calculating the content of each lipid on a per nerve and on a per gram fresh weight basis remaining after a given period of Wallerian degeneration as a percent of original normal values at several times following surgery. The proportionate loss of each lipid from the distal stump was the most prompt and the most complete in nerves transected at 2 weeks of age, and the least in nerves transected at 20 weeks of age. The prompter clearance of these lipids from younger than older degenerating nerve gives convincing evidence that the suggestion from light-microscopic studies of faster clearance of neural debris in younger than in older animals is correct. A possible relationship between these biochemical findings and the phenomenon of greater functional recovery from peripheral nerve injury in younger than in older subjects is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00699240
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Psychological Deficit (1966)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Psychology 17 (1966), S. 111-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4308
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.17.020166.000551
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Cell Density on Lipids of Human Glioma and Fetal Neural Cells (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 36 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Gangliosides, phospholipids, and cholesterol of human glioma (12-18) and fetal neural cells (CH) were analyzed at specified cell densities, from sparse to confluent. Total ganglioside sialic acid, phospholipid phosphorus, and cholesterol increased in the glioma cells on a per cell, mg protein, or mg total lipid basis two- to threefold as cell density increased 25-fold. These same three constituents in the fetal cells increased with cell density on a per cell and mg protein basis but not on a per mg total lipid basis. In glioma cells, the di- and trisialogangliosides (GD2+ GDlb+ GT1) increased from 1–2% of total ganglioside sialic acid at sparse densities to 7–8% at intermediate (logarithmic phase) densities to 10–13% at confluent densities. The set of simpler gangliosides (GM4+ GM3+ GM2) decreased from 50% of total ganglioside sialic acid at sparse glioma cell densities, to 36% at intermediate and 30% at confluent densities. In the fetal neural cells, the set of gangliosides (GM4+ GM3+ GM2) had about 48% of total ganglioside sialic acid in both sparse and confluent preparations. The fetal cells were twofold higher in GM3 (32.4 ± 2.1%) than the glioma cells (16.8 ± 1.6%), but lower in GMt (9.1 ± 0.9% versus 18.2 ± 1.8%), cell densities notwithstanding. Confluent cell preparations of both cell lines were consistently higher in ethanolamine plasmalogen than sparse cells. We conclude that in these two neural cell lines quantitative changes in ganglioside and phospholipid species occurred correlatively as cell densities increased. Higher glioma cell densities were associated with greater proportions of complex ganglioside species. These changes in cell membrane constituents during growth may result from cell contact and may indicate a role for them in cell growth regulation and/or differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb10821.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Review and Predictive Models of Gang ioside Uptake by Biological Membranes (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 61 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb02140.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHANGES IN THE SCIATIC NERVE OF THE RABBIT AND ITS TISSUE CONSTITUENTS DURING DEVELOPMENT (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 23 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— A segment, defined by gross anatomic boundaries, which comprises most of the sciatic nerve was dissected from rabbits aged from birth to 1 yr. The mean and standard deviation of the variance determined for the weights of pairs of nerve units removed from single animals of an age group did not exceed 2·7 per cent and 12·3 per cent respectively of the average weight of the two nerve units which were the values determined for a group of newborn animals. During the period from birth to one year of age, the weight and length of the nerve unit increased 47- and 6-fold respectively while the animal's weight increased 78-fold. Whereas the nerve unit length increased little after 8 weeks, its weight and that of the whole animal continued to increase up to 1 year. Estimations of nucleic acids in the nerve unit from adult animals gave values of 54 μg DNA-P and 25 μg RNA-P per g fresh weight. During the period birth to 1 yr the absolute amount of DNA in the nerve unit increased 11-fold, 71 per cent of this having occurred by 6 weeks of age. The absolute amount of RNA increased 11 -fold by 8 weeks of age and remained constant thereafter. During the period birth to 1 yr, the proportion of the nerve constituents accounted for by lipid-free solids remained constant at 10 per cent, while lipids increased from 5 to 18 per cent and tissue water declined from 84 to 71 per cent. Changes in some lipid classes were examined also. Increases of absolute content in the nerve unit over the first year and concentrations on a fresh weight basis attained in year-old animals were as follows: cholesterol, 132-fold and 86 mg/g; triglyceride 554-fold and 43·2 mg/g; total phospholipid, 85-fold and 61 mg/g; cerebroside 205-fold and 28 μmol/g; sulphatide, 154-fold and 10 μmol/g; monogalactosyl diglyceride, 31-fold and 0·6 μmol/g. The ratio cholesterol/phospholipid/galactolipid in whole nerve units from adult animals was 2·0/2·1/1·0 and the change in this ratio in the first year was compatible with enrichment of myelin in galactolipid during myelination. The ratio of cerebroside to sulphatide increased from 2·0 to 2·6 during this period. Increases in absolute content and concentrations attained for sialic acid-containing components representing cell surface constituents were as follows: ganglioside sialic acid, 33-fold, and 83 μg/g; glycoprotein sialic acid, 57-fold and 371 μg/g. The quantitative pattern of ganglioside fractions separated by thin-layer chromatography in one direction resembled that of whole brain and was the same at all ages studied. The changes reported reflect a composite picture of changes in a variety of cell membranes indicative of marked variation during development in quantity and composition of membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb10751.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ganglioside composition of peripheral nerve undergoing Wallerian degeneration (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 30 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb10514.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apocrine carcinoma and apocrine metaplasia (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 13 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1988.tb02030.x
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    The repetition of single speech sounds under delayed auditory feedback (1971)
    London, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British journal of psychology. 62 (1971) 73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-1269
    Topics: Psychology
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:0047-1971-062-00-000010
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Body Size Accounts for Most Differences in Bone Density Between Asian and Caucasian Women (1996)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 59 (1996), S. 339-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Asian race — Bone density — Anthropometry — Caucasian.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We compared bone mineral density (BMD) of the whole body (and subregions: arm, leg, and pelvis), hip, spine, lateral spine, wrist, and forearm among Caucasian and Asian women at four geographic centers (Honolulu, HI; Nottingham, UK; Portland, OR; Copenhagen, Denmark). Data were derived from the baseline examination of 1367 Caucasian and 162 Asian women enrolled in the 1609-subject Early Postmenopausal Interventional Cohort (EPIC) study. After adjusting for age, study site, years postmenopause, and years of estrogen use, BMD was approximately 4–6% lower (P 〈 0.05) among Asian women at most skeletal sites, but there was no significant difference for wrist or forearm BMD. Adding height, lean body mass, fat mass, and/or quadriceps muscle strength to the regression models reduced the racial differences at most skeletal sites; after these additional adjustments, Asian women had significantly lower BMD only for the lateral spine (−4.4%; P 〈 0.005), arm (−2.20%; P 〈 0.05) and leg (−1.65%; P 〈 0.05), whereas the wrist was significantly greater (4.64%; P 〈 0.005) for Asian women. Further research is needed to determine why racial differences in BMD persist at certain skeletal sites, but not others, after adjusting for body size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900137
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of Fracture Risk by Radiographic Absorptiometry and Quantitative Ultrasound: A Prospective Study (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 380-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Fracture risk — Radiographic absorptiometry — Quantitative ultrasound — Prospective study.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Recent developments in computer-assisted radiographic absorptiometry (RA) and quantitative ultrasound techniques (QUS) provide readily accessible and relatively inexpensive methods for assessing bone mineral status. However, few population-based studies have investigated the ability of RA and ultrasound to predict fracture risk prospectively. We explored the ability of RA and QUS to predict fracture risk among 560 postmenopausal women from the Hawaii Osteoporosis Study; average follow-up was 2.7 years. An incident vertebral fracture was defined as a decrease of more than 15% in vertebral heights on subsequent films. Self-reported nonspine fractures were verified by medical records. The prospective associations of vertebral fractures, nonspine fractures, and any (spine or nonspine) fractures with bone measurements were examined using logistic regression, adjusting for age. Both phalangeal bone mineral density (BMD) and metacarpal BMD, measured using RA, predicted future fracture risk. The age-adjusted odds ratios (corresponding to 1 SD decrease in BMD) for vertebral fractures, nonspine fractures, and any fractures were 3.41, 1.50, and 1.91, respectively, for phalangeal BMD, and 1.71, 1.49, 1.55, respectively for metacarpal BMD. Calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) also showed significant association with fracture risk, with age-adjusted odds ratios of 1.50, 1.89, and 1.72 for vertebral fractures, nonspine fractures, and any fractures, respectively. We conclude that hand RA and calcaneal BUA are significant predictors of nonspine fracture, vertebral fracture, and overall fracture risk. The attractive features of these techniques, such as portability, relatively low cost, and ease of use, make them promising alternatives to conventional bone measurement techniques used for the assessment of fracture risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900544
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