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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellularity of human annulus tissue: an investigation into the cellularity of tissue of different pathologies (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 41 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  To investigate the cells of the inner annulus and to demonstrate that differences in disc pathology can be identified at the cellular level.Methods and results:  Annulus tissue taken from scoliotic, degenerate and prolapsed human disc tissue was processed for histology and transmission electron microscopy. Ki67 antibody was used to identify cells in the active part of the cell cycle and cell surface receptors for the matrix-degrading enzyme urokinase were immunolocalized. More chondron clusters were observed in tissue from prolapsed discs than in degenerate and scoliotic discs. Positive Ki67 staining was detected in cells within chondron clusters. Most cells observed from scoliotic and prolapsed annulus contained distinctive nuclei and organelles, whereas cells from degenerate discs contained very few well-defined organelles but abundant glycogen deposits. Immunolocalization identified urokinase receptors on the surface of cells from degenerate discs but not in the other pathologies.Conclusions:  Cellular differences appear to underlie different types of disc pathology. The annulus tissue taken from prolapsed discs appeared to contain more chondron clusters and more active cells than scoliotic and degenerative tissue, suggesting a possible wound repair response. In contrast, cell and matrix degeneration appeared to be the most significant underlying processes in degenerate discs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2002.01520.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Higher-order suppression in diffraction-grating monochromators using thin films (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 783-785 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Although a continuously tuneable source of photons is a very desirable feature of synchrotron radiation it has one main drawback: the contamination of the photon beam by higher-order diffracted light. Several elements have absorption edges which lie between 10 and 200 eV, a range prone to high second- and third-order content in XUV monochromators. They can, therefore, be used as transmission filters to reduce this higher-order content. This paper describes the use of thin filters to reduce the higher-order content in diffraction-grating monochromators. Their suppression efficiency, transmission and ageing have been characterized using photoelectron spectroscopy and compared with calculated values. The effect of oxide contamination on their performance has been assessed. Filters are now installed on eight XUV beamlines and have been in routine use for several years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597016440
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling scientific practice: Paul Thagard's computational approach
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    New Ideas in Psychology 11 (1993), S. 229-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0732-118X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0732-118X(93)90036-D
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Target Density on Properties of Laser Deposited Calcium Phosphate Coatings (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 192-195 (Sept. 2000), p. 107-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/45/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.192-195.107.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some comments on the stability of spinning-rotor gauges
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Vacuum 38 (1988), S. 839-842 
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-207X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0042-207X(88)90475-7
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonant Photoemission from Complex Cuprates and Nickelates (1995)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 2 (1995), S. 264-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Synchrotron-excited resonant-photoemission measurements at rare-earth 4d → 4f and transition-metal 3p → 3d thresholds have been carried out using a variety of complex cuprates and nickelates on stations 6.1 (grazing-incidence monochromator) and 6.2 (toroidal-grating monochromator) at the SRS CLRC Daresbury Laboratory. The systems studied are Nd2Ni1 − xCuxO4, La2 − xSrxNi1− yFeyO4 + δ and Bi2Sr2Ca1 − xYxCu2O8 + δ. A combination of EDC and constant-initial-state data is used to examine the 4f and 3d contributions to the valence-band density of states and their binding-energy positions relative to the Fermi energy. This allows the study of the valence states of the transition-metal ions and their modulation on doping. For La2 − xSrxNi1 − yFeyO4 + δ, this approach is used to infer a valence state of ≥ 3.0 for Fe. In the case of Bi2Sr2Ca1 − xYxCu2O8 + δ, the effect of Cu valence modulation on the 3p resonance is observed as x is varied. This is discussed in the light of controversy surrounding shifts in core-level photoemission with doping for this system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049595008156
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth-hormone loaded bioactive ceramics (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1991), S. 176-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A ‘bioactive’ material, capable of active stimulation of osteogenesis, has been produced by adsorbing human growth hormone onto calcium phosphate ceramics. These materials can be used to deliver growth hormone at the bone-ceramic interface. The elution of the hormone occurs in two phases, with an initial rapid release followed by a slow continuous release for up to 25 days. Tricalcium phosphate was found to release growth hormone better than hydroxyapatite, probably due to the higher solubility of the ceramic.In vivo studies using a rabbit model were used to demonstrate osteointegration at the ceramic interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692977
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the repair tissue in articular cartilage defects using silver-enhanced colloidal gold immunostaining (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1994), S. 402-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The newly developed silver-enhanced colloidal gold staining method was used in a rabbit model to characterize the repair tissue in large articular cartilage defects filled with a heterocyclic methacrylate polymer. By 6 weeks the resurfacing tissue consisted of highly organized hyaline-like articular cartilage, fully integrated with the adjacent normal cartilage. Immuno-histochemistry detected collagen type ll, keratan sulphate, chondroitin 4-sulphate and chondroitin 6-sulphate in the matrix of the neocartilage. The level to which the polymer plug was recessed apeared to be critical to the overall quality of the repair tissue. Optimum results were obtained when the top surface of the biomaterial was at the level of the subchondral bone, below the level of the surrounding articular cartilage. Other technical aspects of implantation, that also affect the repair, are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058973
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dependence of osteoblastic response on variations in the chemical composition and physical properties of hydroxyapatite (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1997), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two synthetic hydroxyapatite powders (A and B), supplied by differentmanufacturers, were physically and chemically characterized before being diepressed and sintered at 1250°C. The powders were characterized using X-raydiffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IRS), X-ray fluorescence, surface areaanalysis (BET), particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The materials were then pressed and sintered to produce hydroxyapatite discs ofsimilar densities and grain sizes for in vitro evaluation. The ceramicswere seeded with osteoblastic cells and after 15 days in culture the cellmorphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), theultrastructure of the cells was studied using transmission electron microscopy(TEM) with EDAX, and the rate of cell growth was assessed using biochemicaltechniques. The results clearly showed that the rate of cell proliferation butnot the rate of alkaline phosphatase production, was highl!y dependent on the composition of the hydroxyapatite powders that were used to makethe ceramic discs. The ultrastructural studies confirmed the relativeviabilities of the cells and the nature of the ceramic interface indicatingvisually the marked differences in the performance of the two materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018558816871
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of surface-treated cpTi and Ti6Al4V alloy on the initial attachment of human osteoblast cells (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1999), S. 869-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This study concerns the effect of simple surface treatments on the nature of the oxide layer, of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti6Al4V alloy substrates and their effect on human osteoblast cells (HOBS). After treatment the surfaces were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in order to identify the surface groups responsible for the cell attachment process. The assessment of cell attachment was monitored by the Alamar blue assay (AB), measuring cell activity, in three types of media: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), serum containing and serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's cell culture medium (SER+ and SERF respectively). XPS analysis of the treated surfaces revealed consistent peaks representative of TiO2 on all surfaces and Ti0 and Ti2O3 on the non-heat-treated surfaces. The cell activity assays indicated that there were no significant differences in cellular activity caused by surface treatments, but the cellular activity compared between the three types of medium was greatest in the PBS over the initial stages of attachment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008933318756
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