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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An environmental cell transmission electron microscope (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1438-1444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An aperture-limited, differentially pumped environmental cell has been developed and installed in a JEOL 4000 EX electron microscope. With this environmental cell it is possible to observe, at high spatial resolution, the detailed changes in microstructure that occur during the interaction between a solid and a gaseous environment. The cell has been pressurized to 70 Torr with H2 gas for several hours with no adverse effects on the microscope performance. While the initial tests have been performed with hydrogen gas, the materials used to construct the environmental cell can tolerate corrosive environments. The key features of the environmental cell design along with the results from some applications are presented in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142464
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of Si1−xGex(011) on Si(011)16×2 by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy: Growth kinetics, Ge incorporation, and surface phase transitions (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 501-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Single crystal Si1−xGex(011) layers with x≤0.35 have been grown on double-domain Si(011)"16×2" surfaces from Si2H6/Ge2H6 mixtures at temperatures Ts=400–950 °C. D2 temperature programmed desorption was used to show that the structure of the Si(011)"16×2" surface unit cell, more correctly written as [217 21] since the unit cell vectors are nonorthogonal, is composed of 16 adatoms and eight π-bonded dimers with a dangling bond density half that of the 1×1 surface. Si1−xGex(011) overlayers are "16×2" when x〈xc(Ts) and "2×8" with x〉xc(Ts). The value of xc decreases from (similar, equals) 0.10 at Ts=475 °C to 0.08 at 550 °C to 0.06 at 650 °C. Both the "2×8" and "16×2" Si1−xGex(011) surface reconstructions gradually and reversibly transform to 1×1 at Ts between 650 and 725 °C. Film growth kinetics exhibit three distinct regimes. At low temperatures (Ts(approximately-less-than)500 °C), the film deposition rate RSiGe decreases exponentially with 1/Ts in a surface-reaction-limited growth mode for which the rate-limiting step is hydrogen desorption from Si and Ge monohydride phases. RSiGe becomes essentially constant with Ts in the intermediate impingement-flux-limited range, Ts=500–650 °C. At Ts〉650 °C, RSiGe increases again with Ts due initially (Ts(similar, equals)650–725 °C) to an increase in the steady-state dangling bond coverage as the surface reconstruction gradually transforms to 1×1. The continued increase in RSiGe at even higher Ts is associated with strain-induced roughening. Ge/Si ratios in as-deposited films are linearly proportional to the incident Ge2H6/Si2H6 flux ratio JGe2H6/JSi2H6 and nearly independent of Ts indicating that the reactive sticking probabilities of Si2H6 and Ge2H6 have very similar temperature dependencies. RSiGe(JGe2H6/JSi2H6,Ts) in both the surface-reaction-limited and flux-limited regimes is well described by a simple kinetic model incorporating second-order dissociative chemisorption and second-order hydrogen desorption as rate-limiting steps. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369481
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convergent beam electron diffraction study of lattice distortion in InGaAs/GaAs strained-layer superlattices grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1978-1980 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The intensities of sidebands in convergent beam electron diffraction reflections from plan-view specimens of strain modulated InGaAs/GaAs superlattices are dependent on the natural lattice mismatch, the ratio of the thicknesses of the superlattice layers, the period (sum of layer thicknesses) of the superlattice, and the g vectors of the reflections. The intensities of kinematic higher-order Laue zone (HOLZ) reflections have been calculated from a simple model based on alternate contraction and expansion of lattice spacings of the superlattice layers. An accurate estimate of the In content of InGaAs can be deduced from the elastic strains in the superlattice layers so obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103985
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What about the peace prize? (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 270 (1977), S. 472-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR,-I am not surprised that, in the normal way, the only Nobel Prizes to which you pay attention (27 October, page 744) are the prizes for physics, chemistry and physiology and medicine. This year, however, scientists have cause to take particular pleasure in the award of the Peace Prize. The 1977 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/270472a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frozen mineral waters (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 261 (1976), S. 188-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR,?In his article (March 18, page 182) Allan Piper makes it clear that as soon as the exploitation of the mineral wealth of Antarctica becomes a commercial proposition there will be a major political conflict. Surely the way to handle this situation is to tackle the problem now, while the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/261188b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pace of life (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 260 (1976), S. 188-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR,?Bornstein and Bornstein's paper (February 19, page 557) leads to fascinating conclusions. Their data suggest that in the case of the smallest human conurbation (one person) the average walking speed is 0.05 feet s?1 (50 m h?1 or 1.3 km d?1)- Fortunately this quantity is not negative. On the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/260188c0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pesticide Residues in the Irish Environment (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 210 (1966), S. 650-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Samples for chemical analysis were received from the Veterinary Research Laboratory and the Fisheries Division of the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, the Veterinary College of Ireland, and members of the public. With the exception of the birds' eggs, all the specimens submitted were from ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/210650a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinematical structure factors from dynamical electron diffraction? (1994)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 292-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Electron diffraction intensities are not simply related to the corresponding structure factors except in the case of `dynamical extinctions'. These extinctions, explained by Gjønnes & Moodie [Acta Cryst. (1965), 19, 65–67], occur for reflections that are kinematically forbidden – thus the resulting intensity is zero. If it was possible to find conditions when `dynamical extinction' occurs for reflections that are not forbidden, it would be possible to use electron diffraction intensities for the determination of structure factors in a simple way. Unfortunately, it can be shown that this is not possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767393011511
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-lived antiprotonic atom in liquid and solid helium
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physica B: Physics of Condensed Matter 194-196 (1994), S. 557-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0921-4526
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0921-4526(94)90608-4
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physics with ultra low energy antiprotons-the anticyclotron
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics B (Proceedings Supplements) 8 (1989), S. 457-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0920-5632
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5632(89)90261-2
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