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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of cellular antioxidant defense activities by sodium arsenite in human fibroblasts (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 69 (1995), S. 498-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Arsenite ; Glutathione ; Antioxidant ; activities ; Heme oxygenase ; Ferritin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Many studies have shown that oxygen radicals can be produced during arsenic metabolism. We report here that in human fibroblasts (HFW cells) sodium arsenite exposure caused increased formation of fluorescent dichlorofluorescein (DCF) by oxidation of the nonfluorescent form. The enhanced DCF fluorescence was inhibited by a radical scavenger, butylated hydroxytoluene. The effects of sodium arsenite treatment on cellular antioxidant activities were then examined. Treatment of HFW cells with sodium arsenite resulted in a significant increase in heme oxygenase activity and ferritin level. Sodium arsenite-enhanced heme oxygenase synthesis was inhibited by co-treatment of cells with the antioxidants sodium azide and dimethyl sulfoxide. Furthermore, sodium arsenite treatment did not apparently affect glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, but resulted in significantly increased glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity, slightly decreased glutathione peroxidase activity, and significantly decreased catalase activity. Sodium arsenite toxicity was partly reduced by addition of catalase to the culture medium. These results imply that arsenite can enhance oxidative stress in HFW cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050204
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semi-insulating GaAs: A possible substrate for a field-assisted positron moderator (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 59 (1994), S. 259-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.70.Bj ; 79.90 ; 72.20.Ht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Positron lifetime spectroscopy measurements have been carried out for semi-insulating GaAs with applied electric fields in the samples directed towards, and away from the positron injecting contact. The lifetime spectra have been decomposed into two components, the longer of which (≈400 ps) is characteristic of open volume defects at the metal-semiconductor interface through which positrons are injected. The interesting feature of these experiments is the large increase in the intensity of this interface component as the field is directed towards the contact. We show that this increase is caused by a significant fraction of implanted positrons drifting under the influence of a strong electric field produced by a layer of space-charge formed adjacent to the positron injecting contact. The general trend of the intensity variation is well explained by the proposed model. Experiments involving the application of an ac bias to the samples strengthen the suggestion that the space charge region is largely formed from ionized EL2 donors. The results of the present work indicate that semi-insulating GaAs possesses properties that make it a suitable material for the fabrication of a high efficiency (≈10%) room-temperature field-assisted positron moderator. The extraction of positrons from the GaAs substrate into the vacuum through a thin metalization is discussed based upon available positron affinities for the GaAs and various elemental metals. These data suggest that a few monolayers of a strongly electronegative metal such as Au or Pd may allow vacuum emission through quantum tunneling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348229
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Closed Reduction of Bilateral Locked Facets of the Cervical Spine Under General Anaesthesia (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 1055-1061 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Cervical spine; locked facets; manual closed reduction; traction.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Background. Bilateral facet interlocking of the cervical spine is a relatively uncommon type of cervical spinal injury. It is frequently associated with devastating neurological symptoms and signs. Early reduction of the locked facets is thought to be critical in preventing progressive secondary spinal cord injury. Whereas skull tong traction remains our primary option for closed reduction of bilateral locked facets of the cervical spine, it is not always successful, even with heavy traction weights. Other more aggressive measures may occasionally be required. The authors report their experience in reducing bilateral locked facets of the cervical spine by manual closed reduction.  Methods. This small series consists of six cases of cervical spinal injury with bilateral locked facets in which manual closed reduction under general anaethesia and muscle relaxation was used. Three of them presented with complete quadriplegia (Frankel class A). One case presented with incomplete but severe neurological deficits (Frankel class B). After unsuccessful closed reduction with skull traction, these patients were treated by manual closed reduction under general anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, followed by anterior discectomy, interbody fusion and stabilization.  Results. All cases made neurological improvement after the procedures. Even in cases with initial severe neurological deficits, the recovery was remarkable. The recovery was dramatic in two cases. Case 1 improved from Frankel class B to E; and Case 5 from Frankel class A to D. No case deteriorated neurologically after the procedures. Pneumonia occurred in Case 3; and stress ulcer accompanied by haemorrhage was noted in Case 4. None of these complications was directly related to the procedures.  Conclusion. The potential for improvement of neurological function following early and successful reduction and fixation of the dislocated spine is emphasized. With meticulous techniques, manual closed reduction may be an effective alternative to skull tong traction when the latter fails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050214
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aneurysm of superior branch of anterior choroidal artery mimicking carotid bifurcation aneurysm — Case report (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 1464-1467 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Aneurysm ; anterior choroidal artery ; subarachnoid haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aneurysm of the superior branch of anterior choroidal artery is very rare. We report this rare case with unique angiographic findings mimicking an internal carotid bifurcation aneurysm. A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of severe headache. Lumbar puncture disclosed numerous red blood cells. Computed tomography revealed an enhanced circular area in the left basal cistern with moderate hydrocephalus. Cerebral angiography showed a saccular aneurysm near the left internal carotid bifurcation. During operation, the aneurysm was not found at the internal carotid bifurcation, but located deeper budding from the superior branch of the anterior choroidal artery. The aneurysm was successfully clipped. The postoperative course was favourable without any neurological deficit. The postoperative angiogram showed that the aneurysm was clipped well with preservation of the main trunk of the anterior choroidal artery. Computed tomography of the brain did not show any infarction area, 3 months after the surgery. The uniqueness of this case is the favourable outcome after sacrificing the superior branch of the anterior choroidal artery. The role of collaterals of the anterior perforating substance is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411127
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transpedicular reduction and stabilization for postlaminectomy lumbar instability (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 139-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Instability catch ; postlaminectomy lumbar instability ; spinal instrumentation ; transpedicular reduction and stabilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of 17 patients with postlaminectomy lumbar instability treated by transpedicular reduction and stabilization. The criteria of instability were defined strictly by both the clinical symptom of “instability catch” and the radiological findings that fulfilled Nachemson's criteria. Low back pain and/or sciatica that interfered largely with the patients' work or quality of life were the indications for this treatrment. All the operations were performed by one surgeon with the same spinal instrumentation system — “AO internal fixator”. The follow-up period was between 16 and 36 months (mean 24 months). Face to face questionnaire revealed that this treatment modality is encouraging. Fourteen patients (82%) had complete or nearly complete relief from all the pre-operative symptoms. Two (12%) had partial relief of the symptoms that required a subsequent discectomy or wider laminectomy. Only one case (6%) with osteoporosis remained unchanged after the operation. On the follow-up radiographs, sixteen patients (94%) showed good alignment and solid arthrodesis of the treated motion segment. These radiological findings correlated quite well with the absence of the clinical symptom of “instability catch”. A common, but acceptable, complication found in this series was a variable degree of low back stiffness secondary to the instrumentation. Fracture of the screw was found in one patient and pull out of the screw was found in another patient. However, they did not elicit detectable symptoms. Osteoporosis, concomitant disc herniation and persistent spinal stenosis at/or adjacent to the operated level were the three main factors that may contribute to unsatisfactory results secondary to this treatment. These problems remain to be resolved in thp future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411352
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESTIMATION OF TRANSITION PROBABILITIES IN A NONSTATIONARY FINITE MARKOV CHAIN (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Metroeconomica 24 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-999X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-999X.1972.tb00191.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identifying Nucleotidic Materials Released by Fermenting Brewer's Yeast (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 33 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— During fermentation a brewer's yeast released into the medium substantial amounts of materials absorbing ultra-violet light at 260 mμ These materials were separated by chromatography and identified by further chromatography and spectrophotometry. Nine nucleotides, five free bases (purines and pyrimidines) and four nucleosides were identified in the fermented medium and in the intracellular pool of the yeast. Some of these released materials may be of consequence in the fermented beverage industry since they were not reabsorbed by yeast and can be expected to persist to the finished product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1968.tb01333.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of Release of Nucleotidic Material by Fermenting Brewer's Yeast (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 33 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— When a strain of brewer's yeast grown under suitable conditions was suspended in a solution of fermentable sugar, nucleotides and other U.V.–absorbing materials were rapidly released from the cells. The extent of release was dependent on the pH of the medium, the temperature, the concentration of fermentable sugar and on the presence of membrane–protecting (Ca++ or Mg++) or membrane–damaging (butanol, detergent) reagents. The released material was of low molecular weight and appeared to originate in a free intracellular pool. It was concluded that the mechanism of release of nucleotidic material was the result of a change in permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of yeast contingent upon the transport and metabolism of fermentable sugar. Leakage of nucleotidic material from yeast was considered to be a normal physiological process of consequence in the brewing and wine–making industries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1968.tb01334.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality Comparison of Hydroponic Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) Ripened On and Off Vine (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: There is a general belief that the quality of tomatoes ripened on vine is better than tomatoes ripened off the vine, influencing among other parameters, the price of this commodity. We compared the quality of hydroponic tomatoes ripened on and off vine by chemical, physical, and sensory evaluation to find what attributes are affected and to what extent. Lycopene, β-carotene, total and soluble solids, moisture content, ascorbic acid, acidity, pH, texture, and color were analyzed. Tomatoes ripened on vine had significantly more lycopene, β-carotene, soluble and total solids, higher a* and lower L*, and were firmer. However, a 100-judge panel rated only the color and overall liking of the vine-ripened tomatoes as more intense than the fruit ripened off vine. Therefore, the chemical and physical differences were mostly not large enough to influence the panelist's perception. The characterization of tomatoes ripened on and off vine may help to guide post-harvest handling and treatment and to improve the quality of tomatoes ripened off vine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16045.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasticizing and Antiplasticizing Effects of Water and Polyols on a Meat-Starch Extruded Matri (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The effects of plasticizers on the mechanical properties and glass transitions of a meat-starch extruded system were studied. Mixtures of meat and potato granules (1.48:1) and up to 4% glycerol and propylene glycol, respectively, were extruded and equilibrated at different relative humidities. Storage moduli and glass transitions were determined by mechanical spectroscopy. Water was the major plasticizer of the system, decreasing its mechanical properties and glass transition temperatures. At low-moisture content, the addition of water determined an increase in mechanical properties, interpreted as antiplasticization. Glycerol and propylene glycol had a softening effect on the matrix at aw〉 0.67. Propylene glycol also determined a significant decrease of the starch phase Tg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb09596.x
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