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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excretion of two proteases by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Amanita muscaria (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the soils of mature forests, nitrogen availability is mainly the result of litter decomposition. Thus protein degradation is of major interest for nutrition. Two aspartic proteases were excreted in a pH-dependent manner by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Amanita muscaria grown in liquid culture. AmProt1 with a molecular mass of approximately 45 kDa was mainly present at pH values up to 5·4, whereas the excretion of AmProt2 with a molecular mass of about 90 kDa was only detectable at pH values between pH 5·4 and 6·3. In addition, the pH optima of both enzymes differed significantly. AmProt1 had a narrow pH optimum around 3, whereas AmProt2 had a broad pH optimum between 3 and 5·5 and a higher affinity to the substrate methylcasein. One cDNA-clone (AmProt1*) that presumably encodes AmProt1 was identified. Like AmProt1, this cDNA was expressed in a pH-dependent manner. In addition, carbohydrate and to a lesser extent nitrogen depletion significantly enhanced AmProt1* expression. In fully developed Populus hyb./A. muscaria ectomycorrhizas the expression of AmProt1* was significantly higher in hyphae of the Hartig net compared with those of the fungal sheath. The role of AmProt1 and AmProt2 for fungal physiology and competitiveness is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00717.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon partitioning in Norway spruce: amounts of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and of intermediates of starch/sucrose synthesis in relation to needle age and degree of needle loss (1990)
    Springer
    Trees 4 (1990), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: Carbon partitioning ; Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate ; Needle development ; Needle loss ; Picea abies ; Starch/sucrose/intermediates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Intermediates involved in carbon partitioning between starch and sucrose [dihydroxyacetone phosphate + glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (TP), 3-phosphoglyceric acid, fructose 6-phosphate (F6P), fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F26BP), in addition to glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch] were analysed in lyophilized needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst). Samples were taken from all distinct parts of first and second order branches and the analysed data related to season, needle age, needle position and degree of needle loss (control and class 2 approx. 30%–40% needle loss). Positive and inverse correlations of F26BP, an important regulator of carbon partitioning between starch and sucrose, and F6P or TP existed in all samples. F26BP levels were highest in developing needles and gradually decreased during maturation, which is possibly indicative of changes in the relative sink strength during development (switch from import to export of sucrose). In class 2 needles the amount of F26BP was significantly increased. Together with nearly unaltered levels of sucrose but only slightly decreased amounts of starch the results can be taken as evidence for impaired carbon export in our class 2 samples. The data are discussed with respect to needle development and a possible impact of both air pollutants and mineral deficiency at the location from which the samples were taken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226234
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contents of ATP and ADP in needles of Norway spruce in relation to their development, age, and to symptoms of forest decline (1990)
    Springer
    Trees 4 (1990), S. 68-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: ATP ; ADP ; Forest decline ; Needle development ; Picea abies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Pool sizes of ATP and ADP were analysed in freeze-stopped, lyophilised homogenates of needles from Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. Control experiments in which possible changes in adenylate pools during sample acquisition were investigated did not reveal significant differences between needles taken from branches in situ or within a 30-min period after cutting off a branch. In addition, pool sizes of ADP and ATP were not affected by changes in light intensity (between 60 and 1500 μE*-m-2*s-1), which inevitably occur when samples have to be taken from the upper region of older trees. Levels of ATP and ADP showed considerable seasonal changes (May through October) with the highest ratios of ATP/ADP in developing needles. In general, there was a tendency towards increased ratios of ATP/ADP with increasing needle age. This observation was corroborated by analyses of needles from spruce trees of different age and growing under different conditions. Needles from declining trees or from trees specifically fumigated with low concentrations of ozone and sulphur dioxide had significantly increased ratios of ATP/ADP compared to controls. The results are discussed with respect to physiological responses connected with natural senescence and induced ageing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226068
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß hochdosierter Magnesiuminfusion auf Metabolismus, Kreislauf, Atmung, Reaktionszeit und Empfinden (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 254 (1993), S. 1440-1441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Infusion von 8 mmol Mg-Asp-HCL pro Stunde entsprechend 2 g Magnesiumsulfat werden Mg-Spiegel in sinnvoller therapeutischer Höhe von 2 mmol/l Mg im Serum erreicht. Mg-Asp-HCl beeinflußt den Stoffwechsel nur unwesentlich. Herz- und Kreislauffunktionen sowie Atmung werden nicht beeinflußt. Frauen verstoffwechseln Mg-Asp-HCl anders als Männer und zeigen einen höheren Mg-Bedarf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02266467
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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