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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral contraceptive steroids and breast secretions (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Breast secretions were obtained by nipple aspiration from 164 (44·7%) of 368 consecutive premenopausal non-pregnant women volunteers attending family planning clinics. Women currently taking oral contraceptive steroids were significantly less likely to yield breast secretions than women who had never taken such preparations. The effect was confined to parous women of whom 94% not taking oral contraceptives yielded breast secretions compared with only 51% currently using the pill and 60% of those with a previous history of use. The percentage of nulliparous women yielding breast secretions (30%) was significantly less than that in parous women and was not affected by a present or previous history of contraceptive steroid use. These results provide further evidence of the difference in hormone responsiveness of parous and nulliparous breasts and the potential of oral contraceptive steroids to influence breast function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1989.tb03356.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-sectional study of complications of inhalational anaesthesia in 16995 patients (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Patients undergoing anaesthesia in which halothane, enflurane or isoflurane were used, were surveyed with reference to 16 unwanted effects selected by the nominal group method. A simple record card was completed at the time of anaesthetic administration. The overall incidence of complications was 13.9%. One complication was reported in 10.8% of the cases, and more than one in 3.1%. Complications were more frequent in the obese, the elderly and those patients receiving isoflurane, but in view of the small overall use of this agent, the anaesthetists involved may still have been on a learning curve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09590.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The outcome of peptic ulcer haemorrhage in relation to consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or aspirin (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 8 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: To compare the outcome of 76 patients who presented with severe peptic ulcer haemorrhage whilst taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin with that of 112 patients who were not taking these drugs and who developed peptic ulcer haemorrhage over the same time period.Methods: The two groups of patients were managed identically and endoscopic therapy was attempted in all cases.Results: The group taking NSAIDs or aspirin tended to be older and had a higher prevalence of cardio-respiratory disease. The severity of bleeding (as assessed by the presence of shock, anaemia and endoscopic stigmata) was similar in the two groups. Outcome in terms of uncontrolled haemorrhage, rebleeding and blood transfusion requirements did not differ significantly in the two groups. The NSAID group had a significantly longer duration of admission, almost certainly attributable to a higher prevalence of co-morbid diseases.Conclusions: Despite the deleterious effects of NSAIDs and aspirin upon renal and platelet function, the prognosis of peptic ulcer bleeding is not adversely affected by NSAID or aspirin therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1994.tb00314.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The neurogenic and myogenic hypotheses in human (Duchenne) muscular dystrophy (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 249 (1974), S. 151-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In mammalian skeletal muscle, each fibre has near its mid-point a single endplate supplied by a single nerve fibre; more than one endplate is a rarity 7~9. The axon of each lower motor neurone branches repeatedly to supply in this way very many muscle fibres10 often widely scattered through the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/249151a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doublet frequencies and codon weighting in the DNA ofEscherichia coli and its phages (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 8 (1976), S. 117-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Doublet Frequencies ; Genetic Code ; Translational Control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A compilation of nucleic acid sequences fromE.coli and its phages has been analysed for the frequency of occurrence of nearest neighbour base doublets and codons. Several statistically significant deviations from random are found in both doublet and codon frequencies. The deviations inE.coli also appear to occur in λ and in the coat protein gene of MS2, whereas T4 and other parts of the MS2 genome show different sequence properties. These and other findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that rapidity of translation of mRNAs in theE. coli system is dependent on doublet frequency and codon usage patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01739098
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doublet frequencies in the DNA of genetic code limit organisms (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 2 (1973), S. 293-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Doublet Frequencies ; Code Limit Organisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Unrelated organisms with DNA of extreme G + C content (25% or 70%) are found to share very specific patterns of nearest neighbour base doublet frequency in their DNAs. This is shown to be a result of restrictions on the extremity of amino acid composition in their proteins, combined with a maximisation of the use of one type of base pair in redundant codon positions. Inferences are made about the universal nature of the genetic code and the proportion of DNA used for specifying protein in different species. The composition of coding DNA strands in these organisms is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01654097
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doublet frequencies in sequenced nucleic acids (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 4 (1975), S. 323-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Doublet Frequencies ; RNA Sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A doublet frequency count (set of frequencies of the sixteen possible two-base sequences) can be calculated from the experimentally determined overall sequence of a nucleic acid. In this paper, a statistical methodology is developed for comparing such counts with random, with others of the same type or with doublet proportions found in whole DNAs. The methods are applied to two major categories of sequenced RNAs. It is found that vertebrate ribosomal and transfer RNAs show significant differences from the overall vertebrate DNA pattern, especially in the frequency of the doublet CG. Bacterial rRNA and tRNA, on the other hand, show less dissimilarity from total DNA. In the RNA of the small bacteriophage MS2, the doublet frequencies of the translated regions of the genome resemble those in the hostE. coli, whereas those in the intercistronic regions differ substantially. All these findings are discussed in relation to the origin, evolution and selection of the nucleic acids concerned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732535
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dipeptide frequencies in proteins and the CpG deficiency in vertebrate DNA (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 1 (1972), S. 315-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Vertebrate Protein Sequences ; Doublet Frequencies ; CpG Deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Analysis of vertebrate protein sequences totalling 4040 residues shows that amino acids with a high proportion of codons ending in C occur with significantly reduced frequency before amino acids whose codons start with G. This effect is not shown by “control” bacterial protein sequences. The consequent implication of shortage of XXC. GXX codon pairs in vertebrate messenger RNA is discussed in relation to the extreme rarity of the base doublet CpG in vertebrate DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01653960
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship of DNA base composition and individual protein composition in micro-organisms (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 2 (1973), S. 263-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: DNA Base Composition ; Protein Composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To investigate the dependence of protein composition on DNA base composition, a set of data on individual proteins with known amino acid compositions from a spectrum of bacterial species has been compiled. It is found that similar relationships of amino acid frequency to G + C content exist for these proteins as for the bulk proteins studied by Sueoka (1961). The data are analysed by linear and cubic regression, and a measure of the proportions of A + T-rich and G + C-rich codons in the underlying messenger RNAs is put forward. The theoretical limits on the G + C content of coding DNA are discussed, and inference are made about the various selective forces acting on DNAs of different G + C contents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01654095
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doublet frequency analysis of bacterial DNAs (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 2 (1973), S. 277-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Doublet Analysis ; Bacterial DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Nearest neighbour base frequency analyses of the DNAs of fifteen bacteria and two blue-green algae are reported. When expressed in terms of deviations from random expectation, the frequencies can be placed in four distinct groups sharing similarities not dependent on the G + C contents of the DNAs. The majority of the groupings found are in agreement with those of conventional taxonomy but several interesting discrepancies are shown to exist, some of which confirm other recent molecular evidence. The frequencies for the algal DNAs closely resemble those of the largest group of bacteria. The results are considered in relation to possible evolutionary pressures on polypeptide-specifying DNA and inferences are made about the relative usage of alternative codons in different species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01654096
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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