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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4553-4557 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize chemical vapor deposition diamond films that were thermochemically polished at elevated temperatures. A continuous wave He–Ne laser and an argon ion laser both operated at a power of 10 mW on an area of 1 μm2 were used as excitation sources of the Raman setup. New Raman peaks were observed in a spectral range of 100–700 cm−1 in addition to the common graphite related features. These peaks are assumed to be related to carbonaceous phases formed on the surfaces of the films. A peculiarity of these new features is an increase in intensity with increasing laser exposure time. However, it was observed that the intensities of the amorphous and graphite Raman lines at 1326 and the 1577 cm−1, respectively, were independent of the laser exposure time. The temperature dependency of the intensities of the diamond and of the graphite Raman lines was investigated at different polishing temperatures. Low temperature (700 °C) polishing was also done to high temperature pre-polished samples to investigate the dissolution of nondiamond carbon in the polishing plate. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 393-399 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Results of x-ray and 60Co-γ irradiations on differently processed metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors are carried out. From experiments at 80 K, the field-dependent charge yield fH(E) and the ionization coefficient K are found. In addition, a simple method is described for calculating the hole trapping factor A. For this purpose, just the measured values of the midgap voltage shifts after irradiation at 80 K and room temperature (RT) are used. The investigations of oxide charge buildup Qfr and interface state generation Dit by x-ray irradiation at RT indicate that samples subject to high-temperature (HT) annealing exhibit a more sensitive interface and a less sensitive bulk of the oxide than those not subject to this step. This is found to be in contrast to results of 60Co-γ irradiations at RT. In this case, samples subject to HT annealing show higher sensitivities of the interface and the oxide bulk than corresponding samples without HT annealing. Independent of technology and oxide thickness, the oxide bulk and the interface are more sensitive to x-ray irradiation than to 60Co-γ irradiation. The dependency of the midgap voltage shift, the interface state density and the hole trapping factor on oxide thickness dox is shown. For both x-ray and 60Co-γ irradiation the same relationships ΔUMG∝dnox; ΔDit∝dn−1ox; A∝dn−2ox (n=2.6) are found (ΔUMG is the midgap voltage shift). Differences between x-ray and 60Co-γ irradiations occur in the coefficients of the ΔUMG, ΔDit, and A vs dox proportionalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 2434-2440 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond films of varying crystallographic orientations and sizes were thermochemically polished on steel plates. The sizes of the grains constituting the films used in this work ranged between 10 and 100 μm. Images of the surface morphologies of the films were obtained by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after polishing. A stylus profilometer was used to determine the surface roughness (arithmetic mean deviation) of the as-grown diamond films. The average surface roughness was found to be about 30 μm on the growth side and about 7 μm on the substrate side. Polishing for several hours at temperatures between 750 and 1000 °C thinned the surface roughness down to about 1.3 and 1.5 nm on the growth and substrate sides, respectively, of the film as measured by the atomic force microscope. Raman spectroscopy revealed low energy nondiamond carbon lines in the frequency range between 200 and 700 cm−1 on polished surfaces of optical graded diamond films in addition to the usual graphite bands situated between 1350 and 1580 cm−1. Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectra of both polished and unpolished films revealed nitrogen and silicon as the only detectable defect centers in the films. The Raman spectra of polished optical grade films also contained lines that are attributed to molecular nitrogen complexes (N2) at a frequency of 2438 cm−1, carbon–hydrogen (C–Hn) stretching vibrations at frequencies ranging from 2700 to 3200 cm−1 and molecular hydrogen complexes (H2) at a frequency of 4350 cm−1. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 3381-3387 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A metal-oxide-semiconductor structure with a stepped oxide under a common gate metallization is investigated. The G(V) and C(V) curves strongly deviate from those of wafers with uniform oxide thicknesses: Three sharp G(V) maxima and a well structured C(V) curve are seen. A general equivalent network has been established for the description of the behavior of the structure. By choosing special bias conditions, the network can be reduced to simpler configurations. In this case all the network elements are accessible from independent measurements (secondary electron microscopy, control samples), so that the C(V) curve can be reconstructed solely from geometrical and technological data for its essential portions. The network is exploited for a separate determination of the surface-state density underneath the thin and the thick oxide regions. This has been done for a series of thin/thick oxide combinations. A lateral field induced p-i junction is found underneath the thick/thin oxide boundary for appropriate biases, V. The G (ω;V=const.) and C(ω;V=const.) analysis delivers the (forward)conductance and capacitance of the junction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 3388-3393 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the foregoing part of this article, the admittance characteristics of stepped oxide structures have been discussed using an equivalent network analysis. This approach proves to work satisfactorily as long as the thin/thick oxide thickness ratio is sufficiently large (≥0.3 typically); however, it seems to become increasingly problematic when this ratio tends to assume smaller values. Since we guessed that the discrepancies were caused by two-dimensional effects, exact two-dimensional admittance simulations have been performed to clarify the situation. These calculations allow a detailed interpretation of the individual C(V) features in terms of the spatial distribution of the charge carriers in the interior of the device under test. They largely justify the equivalent network, but also indicate the shortcomings introduced by this approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key words Hydrogenated amorphous silicon ; Metal oxide semiconductor ; Intrinsic carrier density ; MOS dispersion measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The admittance versus frequency of a hydrogenated amorphous silicon metal oxide semiconductor capacitor is measured at a fixed bias in inversion and for temperatures in the range of 20–50 °C. The data are fitted to theoretical capacitance and conductance curves where the time constant of inversion is the result of the fit. In turn, the time constant can be converted to the (minority) carrier lifetime so that a lifetime value for each measurement temperature is available. The conversion from the time constant to the minority carrier lifetime requires the knowledge of the temperature-dependent intrinsic carrier density or rather its activation energy. The criterion for the correct choice is a temperature-independent carrier lifetime. Three published room temperature values of the intrinsic carrier density have been tested. The carrier lifetime activation energy is E a = 0.70 ± 0.03 eV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key words Thermochemical polishing ; Diamond films ; Non-diamond phases ; Defects ; Atomic force microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamonds films grown on silicon substrates using the microwave-enhanced CVD technique were polished using the thermochemical polishing method. The surface morphology of the samples was determined by optical and scanning electron microscopes before and after polishing. The average surface roughness of the as-grown films determined by the stylus profilometer yielded 25 μm on the growth side and about 7 μm on the substrate side. These figures were almost uniform for all the samples investigated. Atom force microscopic measurements performed on the surface to determine the average surface roughness showed that thermochemical polishing at temperatures between 700 °C and 900 °C reduced the roughness to about 2.2 nm on both the substrate and growth sides of the films. Measurements done at intermittent stages of polishing using confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy showed that thermochemical polishing is accompanied by the establishment of non-diamond carbon phases at 1353 cm−1 and 1453 cm−1 at the initial stage of polishing and 1580 cm−1 at the intermediate stage of polishing. The non-diamond phases vanish after final fine polishing at moderate temperatures and pressures. Photoluminescence of defect centers determined by an Ar+ laser (λlexct= 514.532 nm) showed that nitrogen-related centers with two zero-phonon lines at 2.156 eV and 1.945 eV and a silicon-related center with a zero-phonon line at 1.681 eV are the only detectable defects in the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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