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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: FNAC is a simple diagnostic tool for the initial evaluation of various deep seated pathological lesions. This study describes the applicability and practical aspects of the technique in establishing the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis (TB) with the aid of radiographic guidance. The study was conducted in a major teaching hospital in Kuwait between the years 1985 and 1994. Twenty-nine patients (M:F = 18:11 and age range 8–72 years) with clinically and/or radiologically suspected spinal TB were seen in the Department of Cytology, Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital. The patients were re-examined by either computed tomography (CT) scanning (n = 19) or fluoroscopy (n = 10) to localize the lesion for FNAC. FNAC smears were routinely stained with Papanicolaou and Diff Quik stains and one smear of each case was stained with Ziehl–Neelsen (Z-N) stain for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Aspirated purulent material or syringe washings of dry aspirates were also submitted for microbiological cultures including AFB. Radiological and cytological findings were recorded in each case. Radiological findings included: bony rarefaction and destruction (93.1%), narrowed disc space (89.7%), soft tissue calcification (65.5%) and para-vertebral abscess formation (51.7%). Cytological findings included: epithelioid cell granulomas (89.7%), granular necrotic background (82.8%) and lymphocytic infiltration (75.9%). Smears were positive for AFB in 51.7% of cases. A positive AFB culture was obtained in 82.8% of cases, including all cases with positive AFB on smear by Z-N stain. Radiologically guided FNAC with AFB culture is a simple, reliable and practical approach to diagnosing spinal TB lesions. With a high diagnostic yield, it allows immediate initiation of specific treatment, helps to avoid invasive diagnostic procedures, and decreases hospitalization time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective:  Endometriosis due to ectopic endometrial tissue that responds to hormonal stimulation and is extremely rare in a surgical scar appearing in 0.1% of women who have undergone Caesarean section. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be a valuable diagnostic aid in the evaluation of these subcutaneous abdominal masses.Methods:  We present the cytomorphological spectrum in eight cases of abdominal wall endometriosis diagnosed by FNAC over a 6-year period (June 1998–June 2004) in Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital (Kuwait). The patients ranged from 27 to 56 years of age. Seven had a prior Caesarean section and one had a hysterectomy for fibroid. They presented 3–8 years later with nodules in/near the abdominal scar. Five cases presented with a painful nodule, fluctuant with the menstrual cycle.Results:  Cytological findings comprised epithelial clusters and fusiform stromal cells with numerous haemosiderin-laden macrophages. Mild to moderate epithelial atypia was observed in three cases. A diagnosis of endometriosis was rendered in all the eight cases and tissue was available in four cases.Conclusions:  Endometriotic nodules need to be differentiated from other benign/malignant masses and evaluated for possible malignant transformation. FNAC provides a safe and effective tool for diagnosis thereby obviating the need for other procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction:  Intracytoplasmic lumens (ICL) with or without magenta material and transgressing vessels are features of Hürthle cell neoplasms (HCN). After detection of intracytoplasmic colloid inclusions (CIs) including targetoid (magenta) body-like structures in the Hürthle cells (HC) in a case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), we reviewed cases of HT, thyroid neoplasms, hyperplastic nodules (HN) and colloid goitres to determine the frequency of these structures. Further, an attempt was made to find out the significance of CIs.Methods:  FNA smears of 120 HT, 101 colloid goitres, 11 HN, and 76 neoplastic goitres were examined. The presence of CIs and empty ICL were noted in epithelial cells in these lesions. An attempt was made to find out the difference between HT with and without CIs in respect of various cytomorphologic features. The groups were compared using the Fisher's exact test of probability.Results:  The CIs were present in 36 (30.0%) of HT, 26 (34.2%) of neoplastic goitres, 3 (27.3%) of HN, and 4 (4.0%) colloid goitres. As compared to colloid goitres, CIs were present in a significant higher number of cases in HN (P = 0.0202), neoplastic goitres (P 〈 0.0001), and HT (P 〈 0.0001). Among neoplasms the frequency of CIs in HCN (75.0%) was significantly higher than that of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (33.3%, P = 0.0466), and follicular neoplasm (14.3%, P = 0.0083). The CIs were more frequent in HC in HT and HCN but in follicular cells (FC) in other lesions. The HT cases with CIs differed significantly from those without CIs in respect of HC and their cellularity, cellularity of reactive lymphoid cells, extracellular colloid and empty ICL.Conclusion:  Care should be taken not to diagnose HT cases with an excessive Hürthle cell component and CIs, and PTC cases with Hürthlization and CIs, as HCN in FNA smears. Based on review of the literature and our findings, it is suggested that the Hürthle cell metaplasia in HT is a survival response of FC and the presence of CIs in Hürthle cell may represent their limited ability to synthesize colloid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Panniculitis ; Erythema nodosum ; Erythema induratum ; Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa ; Acute arthritis ; AbbreviationsEN Erythema nodosum ; EI erythema induratum ; cutaneous PAN cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa ; CHP cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The study describes 62 patients seen over a period of 4 years mainly presenting with an acute inflammatory ankle arthritis/periarthritis associated with panniculitis. Based upon the clinical characteristics of panniculitis two distinct categories could be defined. These included patients with characteristic lesions of erythema nodosum, seen in 51 (82%), the idiopathic form in 29 (57%), and secondary EN in 22 (43%). Associated conditions included Behcet's disease, oral contraceptive pills, pregnancy and penicillin treatment. Patients clinically not having typical EN was seen in 11 (18%). In this group the histopathology showed erythema induratum in 4, cutaneous-polyarteritis nodosa with minimal panniculitis in 3, Weber-Christian disease, cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis, and `mixed' lobular and septal variety of panniculitis in 1 each. (In 1 patient the disease was not panniculitis but cutaneous variant of granuloma annulare). It is concluded that in a hospital setting EN associated with acute musculoskeletal symptoms, mainly ankle arthritis/periarthritis or an acute peripheral polyarthritis, was a common rheumatological problem in Kuwait. However, other forms of panniculitides also presented with musculoskeletal manifestations requiring accurate histopathological diagnosis for appropriate treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International urology and nephrology 31 (1999), S. 149-155 
    ISSN: 1573-2584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study aimed to develop a new experimental model of partial ureteric obstruction in sheep. Graded obstruction of the ureter using various sized catheters (Fr 3–8) for variable durations up to 6 weeks was performed in 19 sheep. The kidneys were studied by radionuclide diuretic renography for up to 21 weeks and had histopathological examination at the end of the experiment. Catheters of Fr 3 or Fr 5 should be used to block the ureter for a minimum of three weeks to produce sufficient functional and pathological changes to be studied. The advantages and disadvantages of this model are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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