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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 35 (1984), S. 233-248 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 31 (1980), S. 463-487 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 1023-1028 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Insulin-abhängiger Diabetes ; Diabetische Nephropathie ; Chronisches Nierenversagen ; Insulin dependent diabetes ; Diabetic nephropathy ; Chronic renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Chronic uremia caused by diabetic glomerulopathy accounts for about 25 percent of new patients treated by maintenance hemodialysis. At the onset of glucose intolerance, insulin dependent diabetics have larger than normal kidneys, with a markedly increased glomerular filtration rate. During the subsequent 15 to 20 years of insulin use, glomerulosclerosis progresses silently, until a clinically overt nephrotic syndrome becomes evident. Thereafter, the clinical manifestations of nephropathy appear rapidly with an exponential decline in creatinine clearance to less than 5 ml/min within one to five years. Putting together a life plan for a nephrotic and azotemic diabetic involves awareness, and coordinated management of not only renal but extrarenal vasculopathic complications of diabetes, especially proliferative retinopathy. Carefully made preparations for hemodialysis and/or renal transplantation will increase chances for at least a short-term favorable outcome, which can now be anticipated in a growing proportion of patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine diabetische Glomerulosklerose ist für ca. 25% der neu ins Hämodialyseprogramm aufzunehmenden Urämiepatienten verantwortlich. Zu Beginn ihrer Glukoseintoleranz zeigen insulinpflichtige Diabetiker eine erhöhte glomeruläre Filtrationsrate und übernormal große Nieren. Während der sich anschließenden Therapieperiode mit Insulin schreitet die Glomerulosklerose zunächst unmerklich fort, bis sich nach 15–20 Jahren ein nephrotisches Syndrom demaskiert. Innerhalb einer Zeitspanne von 5 Jahren kommt es sodann zu einer raschen Manifestation der Niereninsuffizienz mit einer exponentiall abnehmenden Kreatininclearance auf weniger als 5 ml/min. Der Therapieplan des nephrotischen Diabetikers mit Azotämie umfaßt neben der detaillierten Aufklärung des Patienten eine koordinierte Behandlung aller im Rahmen der diabetischen Grunderkrankung auftretenden renalen und extrarenalen Komplikationen, insbesondere der proliferativen Retinopathie. Sorgfältig getroffene Vorbereitungen für die Hämodialyse und/oder die Nierentransplantation erhöhen — zumindest für eine begrenzte Zeit — die Chancen auf eine verbesserte Lebensqualität.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 424-428 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Penis ; diabetes mellitus ; rat ; diabetic complications ; diabetic angiopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pathological changes in the penis of long-term diabetic rats (〉1 year) include epidermal atrophy and lipid droplets in erectile tissue and dermis, as well as thickening of capillary basement membranes, dilatation and microaneurysms of capillaries, and atrophy and degeneration of erectile smooth muscle. These changes are similar to those previously described as occurring in other organs, but damage to nerves and smooth muscle can best be appreciated with electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 68 (1981), S. 239-247 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Photosensitivity of infectious, haemagglutinating and neuraminidase activities of influenza virus has been determined experimentally. The photosensitivity of infectious activity of type B (strain Hongkong/8/73) influenza virus was found to be higher than that of type A strains NIB-4 (H3N2–3), Leningrad/399/76 (H3N2–3) and NIB-6 (H1N1). The data obtained may be used for the determination of conditions of UV-irradiation for preparation of UV-inactivated antiviral vaccines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geriatric nephrology and urology 4 (1994), S. 79-84 
    ISSN: 1573-7306
    Keywords: cardiovascular ; cardiac ; co-morbidity ; elderly ; end-stage renal disease ; hemodialysis ; hypertension ; Karnofsky
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CD) is the most common cause of death in all dialysis patients. We studied 104 stable elderly (≥ 65 years) hemodialysis patients to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease as evidenced by congestive heart failure or symptomatic coronary artery disease, by race and by coincidence of diabetes and to assess the impact of cardiovascular morbidity on physical activity. CD was judged to be present if a patient had clinical and laboratory confirmed congestive heart failure or coronary artery disease. Physical activity assessed by a modified Karnofsky scale was compared in subjects with and without CD. We inventoried co-morbid conditions and compared the extent of co-morbidity in elderly patients with and without CD. We determined the effect of advancing age and increasing duration of ESRD on the prevalence of CD. Thirty-seven (36%) subjects had CD while 67 (64%) did not. There was no significant difference in mean age (+CD=72.6±5.3 years; −CD=71.3±5.2 years, p〈0.9), or gender distribution (+CD m/f=23/14; −CD m/f=31/36, p〈0.18) between the two groups. The presence of CD did not influence mean scores on the modified Karnofsky scale (+CD=64.8±12.8; −CD=66.2±14, p〈0.618). Thirteen (35%) of 37 patients with CD required assistance for routine daily activities while 27 (40%) of 67 patients without CD were similarly debilitated (p〈0.879). While patients with CD had more clinically significant comorbid conditions than those without CD, the scores of each subset on the comorbidity indices (+CD=7.5±2.3; −CD=6.4±3.6, p〈0.09) were not statistically different. Advancing age or duration on maintenance hemodialysis did not alter the risk for CD. Whites (men 15 of 18, women 3 of 11) had a greater prevalence of CD than blacks (men 6 of 23, women 10 of 37) (p〈0.05). We infer that symptomatic CD disease is common in geriatric maintenance hemodialysis patients, more prevalent in whites than blacks, and the rate for CD doesn't increase with advancing age or duration of ESRD in elderly hemodialysis patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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