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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myofibroblasts in Dense Model Collagen Matrices: Migration, Proliferation, Apoptosis (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fibrillar collagen matrices, that mimic the supramolecular organization of collagen in tissues, are obtained by using acid soluble collagen concentrated at 40 mg/ml and then forming fibrils at neutral pH. They present mechanical properties close to that of human dermis (1). We have previously shown that 150.000 human dermal fibroblasts seeded at the surface of collagen matrices migrate and attain a density of 5500 cells/mm3 after 28 days (2).The present work studies the phenotype of the cells migrating into dense, compared to loose (5 mg/ml) collagen networks. We demonstrate that cell migration is associated to matrix hydrolysis by MT1-MMP on the cell front and gelatinase A (MMP2) that allow a migration distance of 350 μm after 28 days. Immunodetection of alpha-smooth muscle actin evidences a myofibroblast phenotype for all cells penetrating both 40 and 5 mg/ml matrices. In parallel, we observe collagen I and fibronectin synthesis, typical of myofibroblasts. The TUNEL test reveals 43% of apoptotic cells in dense matrices after 28 days and a total absence of apoptosis in loose matrices. BrdU incorporation in myofibroblasts shows an intense proliferation in the dense collagen matrices that compensates cell death. Indeed the number of cells after one month of culture represents three times the number initially seeded.To conclude, in our culture conditions using 10% foetal calf serum, the stiffness of the matrix seems to be a stimulus of apoptosis; futhermore cells which express alpha-SM actin are both able to proliferate and migrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130117l.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of human neutrophil elastase by wheat ceramides (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 17 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ceramides, composed of sphingosine N-acyl linked to fatty acids have become widely used in cosmetology. They play several physiological roles in the regulation of skin barrier function. Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) can be inhibited by long-chain fatty acids and their derivatives; it was therefore postulated that plant ceramides could be inhibitors of HNE. Ceramides were extracted from wheat, isolated and characterized. The main fatty acids were 16:0, 18:1, 18:2 and the sphingoid moiety was phytosphingosine. Concentrations necessary to reach 50% inhibition of HNE were, respectively, 33 and 41 μg ml-1 for non-glycosyl ceramides (CER) and glycosyl ceramides (gly-CER) when using a synthetic specific substrate. Similar extents of inhibition were obtained using a physiological substrate, insoluble elastin. Ex vivo studies showed that CER protected human skin elastic fibres against HNE degradation. Ceramides, being natural non-toxic substances, besides their role in cosmetics, could be of pharmacological interest in dermal inflammatory disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1995.tb00130.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of a morphometric method for evaluating fibroblast numbers in normal and pathologic tissues (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 12 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  The aim of this work was to validate an image analysis method, based on cell nuclei form factor determination, for counting fibroblasts within human dermis. We first used reconstructed dermal equivalents in which fibroblasts can also be counted directly after lysis of the collagen matrix. We found a good correlation between the results of direct counting and those of image analysis from day 10 to day 28 of culture. When applied to young normal donors' skin biopsies fixed in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin, the image analysis method yielded mid-dermis fibroblast counts of between 2100 and 4100 per mm3 of fresh tissue. A nuclear form factor (FF) comprised between 0.35 and 0.84 was found to be a biologic marker of fibroblasts. This was confirmed after fibroblast discrimination from other cell types, which had rounder nuclei (FF ≥ 0.85) and were identified either by their location (e.g. endothelial cells) or by labeling with specific antibodies (e.g. lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages). Similar results were obtained with seven healthy donors' skin biopsies that had been frozen in nitrogen liquid and cryostat-sectioned, showing that this counting method is independent of the histologic procedure. Finally, analysis of samples of hypertrophic scars from two patients revealed that fibroblast density in some parts of the dermis was more than twice the value found in other parts presenting a fibroblast density almost normal, showing that this cell counting method can also be used to assess fibroblast heterogeneity within a given tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.00023.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclosporin A-induced alterations of dentinogenesis in rat molars (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 26 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cyclosporin A (CsA), a widely used immunosuppressive drug, induces gingival overgrowth and modifications of bone remodelling. The scope of this study was to investigate the possible effect of CsA on dentin. Thirty mg/kg/day of CsA were administered orally to male Sprague-Dawley rats for nineteen weeks. The same number of control rats received oil-based vehicle solution. Rats were anesthetized, and tissues were fixed by an intracardiac perfusion of fixative solution. Mandibles were dissected, demineralized, and processed for Epon embedding, Semi-thin sections of the first molars revealed alterations at the secondary dentin-pulp interface in four out of six experimental animals. The changes consisted of the formation of: 1) osteodentin spurs, in which the volume and interface with the secondary dentin varied from about 25,000 to 75.000 μm3 and from 1400 to 3530 μm2, respectively; 2) abnormally shaped and irregularly spaced incremental lines; and 3) numerous globular formations embedded in dentin or free in the pulp. These results indicate that CsA induces abnormal mineralized matrix formation in dentin and in the peripheral part of the pulp in rat molars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1997.tb00035.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastin derived peptides protect elastic fibres degradation by human neutrophil elastase: in vitro and in vivo studies using a mechanically induced rat gingival inflammatory model (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 30 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An elastin peptide (kE57) obtained from organoalkaline hydrolysis of calf ligamentum nuchae insoluble elastin, was isolated by gel permeation on Sephadex G150 and high performance liquid chromatography on a TSK G 3000 SW column. It possessed an average Mr=57,000 and similar amino acids composition as its insoluble counterpart. KE57 behave as a competitive inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) with KI=1.4 μM; it also inhibited porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) but less efficiently KI=180 μM. Identification of elastic fibres in rat gingiva was ascertained by light and electron microscopic studies. Morphometric studies indicated that rat gingiva contained similar levels of elastic fibres (=2%) as human skin; elastic fibres networks from both tissues also displayed high structural analogy. Gingival chronic inflammation was induced in rats by mechanical impaction associated with an hyperglucidic diet. After 5 weeks, the levels of rat gingiva elastic fibres, decreased from Vv= 1.94±0.1% to Vv= 1.02±0.06%. Local injections of kE57: 100 μig per day, 5 days a week for 5 weeks did restore the integrity of the gingiva elastic fibres network: Vv= 1.84±0.1. Without influencing leucocyte infiltration, it is proposed that elastin-derived peptides, acting as potent competitive inhibitor of neutrophil elastase involved in periodontitis, might be of therapeutic value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01253.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of the Basal Lamina Collagen (Type IV) in Brain Vascular Permeability (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 460 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb51213.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased expression of gelatinases A and B by skin explants from patients with anetoderma (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The extent of alterations to the elastic fibre network in lesional skin areas of three patients with anetoderma was assessed by quantitative image analysis of tissue sections and compared with morphometric parameters from unaffected sites of the same individuals. In the anetodermic skins pre-elastic fibres were undetectable or extremely rare; the volume fraction (Vv%) occupied by these pre-elastic fibres was 0–0·3%, while in unaffected skins the Vv% occupied by pre-elastic fibres was 0·5–0·8%. A nearly complete absence of dermal elastic fibres in lesional skins from the three patients was evidenced (Vv%= 0·2–0·3%).Organ cultures were performed using explants from skin with or without anetodermic lesions to quantify the expressions of elastase-type proteinases. All tissues from anetodermic lesions expressed proforms of gelatinases A and B and the activated form of gelatinase A: their levels increased with the culture time. In comparison, enzymatic activities on oligopeptide substrates specific for leucocyte elastase and fibroblast plasma membrane-associated metalloelastase were not detected in the conditioned media of any explants at any time of culture from 1 to 5 days. Increased production of progelatinases A and B and activation of progelatinase A could be mainly responsible for the degradation of skin elastic fibres demonstrated in anetodermic skins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb03780.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histomorphometric parameters and susceptibility to neutrophil elastase degradation of skin elastic fibres from healthy individuals and patients with Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos type IV, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 133 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The morphometric parameters of mid-dermal elastic fibres from the skin of four patients with Marfan syndrome, four patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV (EDS IV), and two patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) were determined, and compared with those of healthy individuals of a similar age range.The volume fraction occupied by elastic fibres was significantly reduced in Marfan patients compared with normal controls, and this was independent of age. In contrast, it was significantly increased in PXE patients, whereas the volume fraction occupied by skin elastic fibres varied within the EDS IV group.Dermal elastic fibres from patients with Marfan syndrome. EDS IV and PXE are hydrolysed by human neutrophil elastase in a qualitatively and quantitatively different fashion from those from healthy individuals. Marfan syndrome and EDS IV dermal elastic fibres were found to be more resistant to hydrolysis by human neutrophil elastase, but PXE elastic fibres were hydrolysed at a rate similar to elastic fibres from control skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06913.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric analysis of elastic skin fibres from patients with: cutis laxa, anetoderma, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, and Buschke–Ollendorff and Williams–Beuren syndromes (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Computed morphometric analysis of elastic skin fibres in patients with cutis laxa, anetoderma, Williams–Beuren syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome, all clinically ascertained, was performed and compared with data obtained from healthy individuals of the same age. The diameters, area fractions (AA%) and volume fractions (VV%) occupied by pre-elastic fibres and dermal elastic fibres were determined. Irrespective of age the diameter of dermal elastic fibres followed a Gaussian distribution for all groups studied. These diameters were taken into consideration for VV% determinations. Compared with data from skin of healthy subjects of similar age range, VV% of pre-elastic fibres was significantly decreased in patients with cutis laxa, anetoderma, Williams–Beuren syndrome, and PXE and undetectable in Buschke–Ollendorff patients. VV% of dermal elastic fibres was four- to fivefold increased in Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome, two- to threefold increased in PXE skin, four- to fivefold decreased in cutis laxa and anetoderma skin and about twofold decreased in Williams–Beuren skin. The diameter of oxytalan fibres was decreased in anetoderma and Williams–Beuren syndrome while oxytalan fibre diameter was unchanged in PXE and cutis laxa. The diameter of dermal elastic fibres was increased in PXE and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome, but was decreased in anetoderma and Williams–Beuren syndrome and unchanged in cutis laxa. We demonstrated that cutis laxa, anetoderma, Williams–Beuren syndrome, PXE, and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome could be easily differentiated by morphometric analysis of elastic skin fibres. Thus we propose that morphometric analyses together with skin biopsies are a valuable tool for distinguishing between inherited and/or acquired skin diseases known to display alterations of elastic fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0926-9959.2001.00268.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of gelatinase A and etalloelastase type protease at the plasma membrane of human skin fibroblasts. Influence of cytokines and growth factors on cell-associated metalloendopeptidase levels
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Biology International 18 (1994), S. 715-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-6995
    Keywords: Fibroblasts, elastase-type protease, Gelatinase A, Matrix ; [abr] MMP: Matrix Metalloproteinase, HSFE"1: Human Skin Fibroblast
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cbir.1994.1100
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